CONTROL OF CELLULAR GROWTH HIGH YIELD Flashcards
the cell cycle steps?
G1 presynthetic S DNA synthesis G2 pre-mitotic M mitotic G0 quiescent cells (hepatocytes)
cell proliferation is controlled by? what does this activate?
cyclins
cyclin dependent kinases
regenerating capacity of cells examples?
continuously dividing (labile)
stable (quiescent)
permanent (non dividing)
stem cells are characterized by?
self renewal capacity asymmetric replication -embryonic stem cells -adult stem cells --located in niches --trasndifferentiation --developmental plasticity
polypeptide growth factors stimulate?
cellular proliferation
migration
differentiation
synthesis of specialized proteins
what do polypeptide GFs target?
function of proto-oncogenes
what is the MOA of the polypeptide GFs?
autocrine
paracrine
endocrine
what are the examples of cell surface receptors?
receptors with intrinsic kinase activity
receptors without intrinsic kinase activity
g-protein linked receptors
what is the purpose of signal transduction and 2nd messengers?
examples?
transfer information to the nucleus
RAS activation and MAP kinase
IP3 pathway
PI3 kinase pathway
Phospholipase Cy
what do TFs do?
examples?
control transcription of genes, bind to DNA and other increase or decrease transcription
proto-oncogenes (increase transcription)
tumor suppressor genes (decrease transcription)
how is cell cycle and regulation of cell division controlled?
cyclins + checkpoints
what are the cyclins?
E (G1 to S), A(S to G2), B(G2 to M)
cyclins are responsible for?
DNA replication
Depolymerization of nuclear lamina (breakdown of membrane)
formation of mitotic spindle
growth inhibition via?
contact inhibition
growth suppression
