CNS INJURY BASICS TERMS Flashcards
functional domains that have been assigned to many anatomic regions
neurons
neurons are topographically organized into _____?
nuclei, ganglia, columns
when are neuronal injury patterns seen?
within 12 hours of irreversible injury
with H/E staining used, what are the effects seen in the cell due to hypoxic injuries?
cell body shrinks pyknosis of nucleus nucleolus disappears nissl is lost eosinophilia of cytoplasm axonal swelling disruption of axonal transport
acute injuries often result in loss of _____?
blood brain barrier
what are the patterns of neuronal injury?
shrunken cell bodies due to acute hypoxic ischemic injury
axonal spheroids visible as bulbous swellings
swelling of cell body due to axonal injury
name this cell
principle cell responsible for repair and scar formation in CNS (aka gliosis)
astrocytes
most important indicator of CNS injury that involves
shrinkage of astrocytic cytoplasm
tightly interwoven cellular processes
Rosenthal fibers
gliosis
name this cell
for production and maintenance of CNS myelin
- most common cell in white matter
- smaller than astrocytes
oligodendrocytes
name this cell
for lining ventricular walls in brain and central canal of spine
-targeted in infectious agents (CMV)
ependymal cells
name this cell
for phagocytosis in CNS
microglial cells
thick, elongated, eosinophilic proteins aggregates that occur in chronic gliosis and some low grade gliomas
Rosenthal fibers
broca’s area
expressive aphasia
wernicke’s area
receptive aphasia
protects brain, but can lead to intracranial pressure and contra coup lesions
skull
