GLOSSARY SECTION I PART C

Question 1

5-30 min after exposure-resolves in 30-60 min

vasodilation, vascular leakage, sm contraction

Answer 1

immediate response of type I hypersensitivity

Question 2

type III hypersensitivity is this type of reaction

Answer 2

immune complex

Question 3

for cell repair to happen you must have an increase in cell death and also an increase in cell proliferation

increased collagen deposition is required for scar formation and wound healing

Answer 3

increased

Question 4

recognizes dead cell product, uric acid, extracellular ATP, crystals

activates caspase-1 (leads to recruitment of WBC)

Answer 4

inflammasome

Question 5

immediate and early response to injury or infection

vascular and cellular components

characterized by exudate and emigration

Answer 5

acute inflammation

Question 6

tissue destruction-repair and fibrosis with infiltration of mononuclear cells

Answer 6

chronic inflammation

Question 7

important for WBC recruitment, fibroblast proliferation, chemotaxis, collagen synthesis and collagenase synthesis

cytokine

Answer 7

interleukin-1

Question 8

invisible nucleus because dissolved into fine particles

Answer 8

karyolysis

Question 9

extends beyond site of original wound doesn’t regress spontaneously

Answer 9

keloid

Question 10

heterotrimeric and cross shaped structure that spans the basal lamina

most abundant glycoprotein in basement membrane

Answer 10

laminin

Question 11

de novo synthesis of secondary mediators

2-8 hours after exposure can last for days

inflammation and tissue destruction

Answer 11

late phase hypersensitivity reaction

Question 12

increase in the number of WBC

Answer 12

leukocytosis

Question 13

reduction in the number of WBC

Answer 13

leukopenia

Question 14

causes chemotaxis

Answer 14

leukotriene B4

Question 15

type of pre-mortem thrombus

lines on vessel endothelium from blood actively flowing during clot formation

Answer 15

lines of Zahn

Question 16

seen in brain and infection due to neutrophil release

cheesy

Answer 16

liquefactive necrosis

Question 17

infection, mechanical problems, foreign bodies, aberrations of cell growth

Answer 17

local factors that influence repair

Question 18

cell adhesion molecule found on lymphocytes

Answer 18

L-selectin

Question 19

primary cell of chronic inflammation

produces products that control inflammation processes

produces products that control inflammatory processes

good for chronic inflammation because they are longer lived cells and they make GFs that cause repair process to begin through the classically activated pathway

Answer 19

macrophage

Question 20

release histamine due to:

physical agent
IgE reaction
anaphylactoxins
neuropeptide
cytokine

Answer 20

mast cell

Question 21

endogenous cause of glycogen accumulation

Answer 21

melanin

Question 22

degrade collagen and other ECM components

dependent on zinc ions to work

produces by fibroblasts, macrophages, neutrophils, synovial cells, epithelial cells

Answer 22

metalloproteinases

Question 23

reversible change that replaces one adult cell type with another cell type

loses function

replaces with cell better able to withstand stress

Answer 23

metaplasia

Question 24

mitochondrial dysfunction is irreversible and causes profound disturbances in membrane function

mitochondrial enzymes help to protect against free radicals

Answer 24

mitochondrial

Question 25

determines by the permeability of mitochondria (physiologic)

Answer 25

mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis

Question 26

cytotoxic lymphocyte that is part of the innate immune system

viruses, tumors

Answer 26

natural killer cells

Question 27

include the Fc portion of the IgG, C3b, and collectins

mark cell for recognition and destruction by phagocytosis

Answer 27

opsonin

Question 28

destruction or disappearance of bone tissue

leads to hypercalcemia

Answer 28

osteolysis

Question 29

effect on nearby cells

Answer 29

paracrine

Question 30

WBCs attack foreign material of dead tissue

steps: recognition and attachment, engulfment, killing or degradation

Answer 30

phagocytosis

Question 31

phospholipid derived mediator

acts to aggregate platelets, cause bronchoconstriction, vasodilate and increase vascular permeability

Answer 31

platelet activating factor

Question 32

protein core that’s linked to polysaccharide

Answer 32

proteoglycan

Question 33

excessive granulation

protrudes above the surface of the skin and blocks re-epithelialization

Answer 33

proudflesh

Question 34

ghost nucleus (dense, shrunken, dark)

Answer 34

pyknosis