ACUTE LEUKEMIA

Question 1

characterized by a paucity (lack) of mature cells and an accumulation leukocyte precursors (leukemic blasts)

attribution due to suppression of normal hematopoiesis

Answer 1

acute leukemia

Question 2

leukocyte precursors AKA:

Answer 2

leukemic blasts

Question 3

accumulation of blasts due to?

Answer 3

failure of maturation into functional cells

clonal expansion of transformed stem cells

Question 4

what are the clinical features of acute leukemia?

Answer 4

abrupt stormy onset

symptoms:
fatigue***
fever
bleeding

mass effects:
bone pain, tenderness
lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly

CNS manifestations

weight loss

Question 5

what are the major lab findings?

Answer 5

anemia(decreased Hg/HCT)
thrombocytopenia
WBC elevated, normal/decreased

Question 6

what are the types of acute leukemia?

Answer 6

acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)

acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)

Question 7

important epidemiology of ALL?

highest incidence?

Answer 7

disease of children and young adults, peak age incidence (4 years)

hispanics

Question 8

immunophenotype of ALL?

Answer 8

pre-B cell ALLs
subclassfication
-origin of lymphoblast
-degree of differentiation

Question 9

the bone marrow in a patient with ALL is packed with _____?

Answer 9

lymphoblasts

Question 10

ALL and this chromosome config have a higher tyrosine kinase activity than that found in CML?

Answer 10

t(9:22)

Question 11

age 2-10
early pre-B
hyperploidy (>50 chromosomes)
t(12;21)

good or bad prognostic features of ALL?

Answer 11

good

Question 12

age <2 or >10
presentation in adolescence and adulthood
philadelphia chromosome t(9;22)
mature B cell, T cell leukemias
male gender

good or bad prognostic features of ALL?

Answer 12

poor prognostic features