Poultry Flash - Avian Influenza Flashcards
what is LPAI? what is the classic case presentation of it? what threat dose it pose to people?
low pathogenic avian influenza virus - majority of avian influenza infections - causes upper respiratory infection (sneezing, coughing, conjunctivitis, ocular, & nasal discharge), decreased egg production - poses a minor health threat to people
what is another name for HPAI? what is the threat it poses to people?
highly pathogenic avian influenza virus - FOWL PLAGUE, minority of avian influenza infections, reportable disease due to zoonotic potential!!!!
what subtypes of HPAI are most commonly implicated/reported?
H5 & H7
what is the classic case presentation of HPAI virus in chickens?
peracute death with high morbidity/mortality that spreads rapidly - drastically decreased egg production, greenish/watery diarrhea, severe upper respiratory signs (cyanotic edematous combs/wallets/shanks) & neuro signs including droopy wings, incoordination, paralysis, opisthotonus, & torticollis
how is a field diagnosis of avian influenza made?
if suspected based on clinical signs, quarantine immediately
what is seen on necropsy of a chicken with avian influenza?
edema, congestion, & multi-focal hemorrhage on the trachea, lung, spleen, tonsils, & brain
what test are used to diagnose avian influenza? what do you do if it comes back positive?
AGID or ELISA to detect antigens - if positive, do virus isolation & sub-typing with hemagglutination, neuraminidase inhibition tests, or rRT-PCR
what is the treatment of choice for LPAI?
supportive care & broad spectrum abx
what is the treatment of choice for HPAI?
cull infected flock!!!
how is avian influenza prevented?
autogenous vaccine - requires approval by state veterinarian, strict biosecurity & sanitation protocols
what animals are the natural reservoirs of avian influenza?
clinically normal shore birds & migrating waterfowl
