Canine Flash Notes - Canine Parvovirus Flashcards
what is the classic case presentation of a dog with parvo?
unvaccinated puppy with lethargy, anorexia, vomiting, bloody diarrhea, & dehydration
what is seen on a CBC from a dog with parvo?
neutropenia & lymphopenia
how is parvo diagnosed?
fecal ELISA for parvo antigen (can be falsely positive if recently vaccinated)
why do you need to do a fecal float & smear for a dog with parvo?
need to rule out concurrent helminthiasis
why take abdominal radiographs on a dog with parvo?
avoid missing a foreign body or intussusception
how is parvo treated in the first 2 hours of hospitalization?
isolate them, place an IVC, check hct, TP, glucose, & fluid bolus if hypovolemic shock - calculate fluid needs (rehydration + maintenance + ongoing losses for the 1st 12 hours) giving 1/4 to 1/2 of fluid needs in the first 2 hours to correct BP, may need to use colloids at 10-20 mg/kg IV if shocky or hypoalbuminemic
after the first 2 hours, how is parvo treated?
give the rest of the fluid allotment over the next 10 hours, check hct/tp/glucose/potassium, warm patient on heat pad if needed, at 2-3 hours, metoclopramide CRI, buprenorphine for pain control, & amikacin/gentamycin if blood pressure has improved
after 4-5 hours of treatment for parvo, what treatment is indicated?
start to feed them!!!! main parts of treatment are isolation, treating/preventing sepsis, correcting electrolytes, normalizing blood pressure, stopping vomiting, pain control, & nutritional support
what is the prognosis of parvo?
good with treatment (93-95% success) otherwise, 68-92% reported
what is used to clean the environment from parvo?
the virus is extremely resistant - use bleach diluted 1:32 or quarternary ammonium cleaners
when does a dog with parvo start shedding the virus?
fecal viral shedding begins 4-5 days after exposure!!!!! before the onset of clinical signs!!!!
how is parvo prevented?
vaccination & isolating sick puppies!!!!
what are 2 risk factors for dogs getting parvo?
puppies under 8 months of age or unvaccinated adults
what dog breeds are most at risk for parvo?
dobermans, rottweilers, german shepherds, pitbulls, dachshunds
what dogs should be vaccinated with the inactivated vaccine for parvo?
pregnant dogs & colostrum-deprived puppies vaccinated before 6-8 weeks of age
