Skill acquisition guidance

Question 1

What is visual guidance?

Answer 1

Use of a demonstration performed by the coach, can be used in many different ways. Not limited to a demonstration.

Question 2

What are the forms of visual guidance?

Answer 2

Demonstration
Videos
Books
Charts

Question 3

When is visual guidance used?

Answer 3

best used with cognitive performers, coach or teacher is trying to create a mental image in the mind of the learner, shows the outcome of an action. Can be used with autonomous performers in a video to help give better understanding of movement. Can be used to detect errors, can allow performer to see in different stages.

Question 4

What are the problems with visual guidance?

Answer 4

too much information given at once/ information given too quickly
demonstration may not be accurate/ pitched at the wrong level
Learner may not have the mental capability of receiving the information (throndickes 3rd law of reinformcenet)
May not hold the learners attention (observational learning)
Static images in a book may not show how the skill Is produced

Question 5

What is verbal guidance>

Answer 5

used alongside visual guidance sometimes when learning a new skill

Question 6

What forms are there of verbal guidance?

Answer 6

feedback
explanation of tactics/strategies
explanation of skill

Question 7

When is verbal guidance used?

Answer 7

the talking about tactics/strategies. Verbal guidance may be used for autonomous learners as they have the mental load/capacity to think about other things rather than the skill (spare attentional capacity)

Question 8

When is verbal guidance useful?

Answer 8

Giving feedback to learners, quick and direct. Given to autonomous performers to refine their skills. Can also give motivational effects on the learner. On its own difficult to understand so used in conjunction with visual guidance.

Question 9

What are the problems with verbal guidance?

Answer 9

Too much information can be given at one-m information overload
language may be too complex
If skill is described in a confusing way
If description isn’t simple- negative transfer
On its own verbal guidance isn’t used for beginners.

Question 10

What is manual guidance?

Answer 10

The physical support of a skill

Question 11

What are the forms of manual guidance?

Answer 11

Can be physical restriction, physical directed by another person known as forced response. Guiding them through a movement

Question 12

When is manual guidance most useful?

Answer 12

When developing a kinaesthesia, when trying to break down a complex skill
When trying to eliminate dance
When trying to reduce fear and anxiety
When trying to build confidence to the cognitive performer and for an associative performer (holding them up in a pool)

Question 13

Why can manual guidance cause problems?

Answer 13

Sometimes performers don’t like to be touched, might feel sensitive
Can inhibit kinaesthesia feel
Performer may rely on it (cause danger)

Question 14

What is mechanical guidance?

Answer 14

The use of an object or apparatus to help shape a skill

Question 15

What form can mechanical guidance take?

Answer 15

Physical support of the learner by a physical device (physical restriction)

Question 16

When is mechanical guidance most useful?

Answer 16

When developing an early kinaesthesia
When coaching disabled performers
When trying to reduce fear and anxiety
When coaching cognitive performers

Question 17

When can mechanical guidance cause problems?

Answer 17

When performer becomes too reliant on the apparatus
When it begins to inhibit kinaesthesia
If performer feels they’re not completing the skill alone they ,might become demotivated
When coaching autonomous performers
When coaching large groups (distracted observational learning)
When performer needs to correct their own mistakes (not good for autonomous performers), operation conditioning