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Pe a level > energy for exercise > Flashcards

energy for exercise Flashcards

1
Q

What is Atp?

A

Made up of one adenosine molecule and 3 phosphate groups held together by bonds of chemical energy. only immediately usefu form of energy stored in our bodies- readily available as its stored in the muscle cell

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2
Q

What is at pase?

A

Breaks down the bond between the last 2 phosphate groups which releases energy that us used to make the muscle cell contract and the movement

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3
Q

What is a coupled reaction?

A

Where products of one reaction are used in another, it can be broken down then resyentheised
Body can only store a small amount of tap (85g) lasting 2 seconds, to maintain exercise beyond 2 seconds atp is restored.

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4
Q

How does atp resynetheiss happen?

A

3 energy systems atp/pc, glycolytic or aerobic

Energy systems don’t work severalty

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5
Q

What type of reaction is atp/pc?

A

Anaerobic reaction

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6
Q

What chemical/food is used for atp?

A

phosphocreatine

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7
Q

Where does atp site of reaction?

A

Sarcoplasm

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8
Q

What are the controlling enzymes for atp/pc?

A

Creatine kinase

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9
Q

What is the energy yield for atp?

A

1 mole of atp

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10
Q

What is the energy equation for atp?

A

Pc- p+c+ energy
(exothermic)
Energy+ adp+ p- Atp (endothermic)

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11
Q

What is the intensity like for atp?

A

Very high

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12
Q

How long is the duration for atp?

A

2-10 seconds

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13
Q

What are the strengths of atp/pc?

A 
No delay for 02
Pc readily available in muscle cell
simple and rapid breakdown
Provides energy quicklu
No faitguing- by products
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14
Q

What are the weakness fo atp/Pc?

A

Low atp yield and small pc stores lead to rapid fatigue after 8-10 seconds

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15
Q

What type of reaction is the glycolytic system?

A

Anaerobic

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16
Q

What is the chemical food used for glycolytic system?

A

Glycogen

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17
Q

Where is the glycolytic system site?

A

Sarcoplasm

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18
Q

What are the controlling enzymes for glycolytic system?

A

Glycogen
Phosphorylase
phosphofructokinase
lactate degydrogenase

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19
Q

What is the energy yield for glycolytic system?

A

2 mole of ATP

20
Q

What are the specific stages for glycolytic system?

A

Glucose undergoes aerobic glycolysis

pyretic acid/without 02- lactic acid

21
Q

What are the energy equations for glycolytic system?

A

C6H12 06- 2C3 H6 O6

22
Q

What by products are formed from glycolytic system?

A

Lactic acid

23
Q

What is the intensity of exercise for glycolytic system?

A

High intensity

24
Q

What is the duration of the system for glycolytic system?

A

Up to 3 minutes

25
Q

What are the strengths for glycolytic system?

A

No delay for 02
Large fuel stores in liver, muscles and blood stream
provides energy for high- intensity activities for up to 3 minutes
lactic acid can be recycle into fuel for further energy production

26
Q

What are the weaknesses for glycolytic system?

A

Fatiguing by product lactic acid reduces ph and enzyme activity
relatively low atp yield and recovery can be length

27
Q

What type of reaction is the aerobic system?

A

aerobic

28
Q

What type of chemical/ food is used for aerobic system

A

glycogen/ glucose or fat

29
Q

What is the site of reaction for aerobic?

A

Stage 1= sacroplasm
stage 2= Krebs cycle- matrix
stage 3- Cristae

30
Q

What are the controlling enzymes for aerobic?

A

Phosphofructokinase

acetyl-CoA

31
Q

What is the energy yield for aerobic system?

A

38 Moles of Atp

32
Q

What are the specific stages of aerobic system

A

aerobic glyolysis
Krebs cycle
electron transport chain

33
Q

What are the energy equations for aerobic?

A

C6 H12 06+ 602- 6Co2+ 6H20+ energy

34
Q

What are the by products formed by aerobic?

A

Co2+ H20

35
Q

What is the intensity of exercise for aerobic?

A

Low moderate/submaximal intensity

36
Q

What is the durationof system for aerobic?

A

3 minutes onwards

37
Q

What are the strengths for aerobic system?

A

Large fuels: triglycerides, free fatty acids (FFAs) glycogen and glucose
High atp yield and long duration of energy production
no fatiguing by products

38
Q

What are the weaknesses with aerobic system?

A

Delay for oxygen delivery and complex series of reactions

slow energy production limits activity to sub- maximal intensity

39
Q

What is the energy continuum?

A

The energy continuum refers to the contribution that the different energy systems make to the production of energy,

40
Q

What is the intermittent exercise?

A

The intensity alternates, the threshold of any energy system is the point at which it is unable to provide energy nd therefore switches to another system

41
Q

What happens in recovery periods?

A

Revoery periods allow for rehurtation and glycogen replacement. Aerobic activities rely o atp-pc, although cc runs out quickly it resynthises quick, Oxygen stored in myoglobin can be fully replenished in 3 minutes

42
Q

What is a v02 max?

A

Maximum volume of oxygen inspired, transported and utilised per minute during exhaustive exercise

43
Q

What is the fitness level?

A

Once blood lactate values go above 4mmol, the onset of blood lactate accumulation (OBLA) has been reached
The point will be dependent on the aerobic fitness of the performer, may be about 50% of their v02 max. due to increased ability to tolerate lactic acid and to remove waste products and supply oxygen to working muscles.

44
Q

What is the recovery process?

A

Help the body return to its pre-exercise, energy is required Continused aerobic production fulfils this additional energy requirement. (excess post-exercise oxygen consumption)

1) fast alactacid component of recovery
2) slow (lactacid) component of recovery

45
Q

What is the fast a lactacid component of recovery?

A

phosopohcreatine stores restored 3 minutes pc stores to fully recover
replenishment of blood and muscle oxygen- within the first minute, oxygen resaturates the blood stream, associating with haemoglobin and within 3 minutes restores the oxymygolbin link in the muscle cells

46
Q

What is slow lactacid component?

A

Elevated ventilation and circulation, post exercise respiratory rate, depth and hr remain elevated. these gradually decrease to resting levels to maximise delivery of 02 and the removal pf by-products

Pe a level (134 decks)

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