Environmental effects at altitude Flashcards
What are the effects of altitude on the respiratory system?
Due to hypoxic air (decrease in partial pressure of oxygen) means a decrease in diffusion gradient, less o2 will be dissociated to the muscles, meaning muscles cant work at full potential
less binding with haembbloin
increase minute ventilation as increase of ph and decrease in Bohr shift increase of affinity
a decrease of arterial pressure of oxygen, less 02 travelling back to heart
Repiratory system is working harder
What are the effects of altitude on the cardiovascular system?
Tries to compensate for the decrease in partial pressure of oxygen, less mygolin, less oxygen will be able to go to the working muscles,
rapid decrease in plasma volume bonus is of that increases red blood cell density
decreases sv (due to increase in plasma blood water volume loss,
starlings law, decrease in 1 and hr has to compensate to maintain q
What are the net effects of altitude training?
Ecreased v02 max, meaning less oxygen avaliable reducing intensity
decrease red blood cells
decrease ego
obla happens earlier, stimulation of lactate threshold earlier
decrease in aerobic performance
What are the effects of altitude on aerobic events?
Decrease v02 max, increases obla, lactate threshold sooner meaning rise of fatigue
overall performance decreases, less times
if intensity is decreasing, overall adaptations are being lost, reversibility
What are the effects of altitude on anaerobic events?
Stay the same or improve for 100m/200m
Wind resistance is lower meaning quicker pace less drag
distances like 800m may be effected as using fast oxidative glycolytic increasing obla/lactate threshold sooner
What are the acclimiatasion guidelines?
work capacity in first few days will decrease while body adapts
decrease in training intensity (60-70%) of that at sea level
increase intensity as full event approaches
10-14 days for full acclimatisation
take rest days 3000m plus
What are the guidelines for team performance events?
Need weeks of high intensity on sea level to increase v02 max before going to high altitude
allows them to increase intensity than others who dont
What are the optimal acclimatisation guiltiness for event performers?
28 days- 2200m
What are the benefits of acclimatisation on the cardiovascular system?
Release epo more, increasing v02 max increasing red blood cells from bone marrows
s and 1 will decrease as gaseous exchange becomes more efficient
hr will remain elevated
What are the benefits of acclimatisation on the respiratory?
More efficient gaseous exchange, increase red blood cells, heomgolibn
breathing rate will stabilise but not reduce like sea level
What are the other benefits of acclimatisation?
Decrease headaches
decrease feeling sick
decreases breathless
What are the benefits of arriving to an event 24 hours before?
not fully acclimatising but performance effects won’t show, but leave straight after
What are the benefits of training 2-3 weeks prior to event?
train at lower altitudes 1500-3000 for min of 2 weeks
go slightly lower than gradually increase for body to adapt t hypoxic
What are the benefits of 4/6 weeks (optimal performance)? 28 days?
Full acclimatisation mostly mountaineer extreme 400m gradual ascent to performance sub-base-base avoids altitude sickness
Why do some countries say some countries are unfair in sporting events?
As the country are use to high altitudes, they often play events in increasing altitudes to show the other sides weakness, struggles
