Public schools Flashcards
What is the background?
Weren’t privately owned, controlled by a group of trustees who were in charge. During post revolution new public schools were founded for the sons of the new middle class; malvern and Clifton.
Why were public schools called ‘public’?
Pupils travelled to attend from outside the immediate area. During the pre industrial revolution, only attended by privileged upper class boys, exclusive and expensive.
What happened in stage one- social relationships?
Relationships between the boys was poor, senior boys bullied the younger boys (fagging). Boys resented their teachers as they were often subjected to regular beatings.
What happened in stage one- Facilities, equipment
Games were adaptations of the activities they played in their local villages (child like and violent). Had little organisation and structure as organised by boys for boys
What happened in stage one-Ethical and moral code?
Activities they played were entertaining but violent which meant courage was needed to take part.
What was boy culture like in stage one?
organised by the boys, football was very violent with few rules
Cricket- already codified
Poaching activités- stealing chickens
Hare and hounds- A running race- substitute for hunting
Fighting- between the boys
Natural bathing and boating places- Placed out of bounds because of the danger involved
What happened in stage two- Dr Thomas Arnold’s reform? Social relationships
Improved relationships between the masters and the boys as they were given more responsibility and respect. Became better role models for younger boys.
What happened in stage two- Dr Thomas Arnold’s reform? Facilities and equipment
Games became an accepted part of school life with boys competing in inter house in more civilised games and activites. Still organised them by themselves so equipment was still basic.
What happened in stage two- Dr Thomas Arnold’s reform? Background
Due to the industrial revolution, society was changing and becoming more respectable and civilsed the boys’ behaviour was unacceptable. Tried to change their behaviour
What happened in stage two- Dr Thomas Arnold’s reform? Ethical and moral code
Aim was to create Christian gentlemen developed an ethos of muscular christianity. Inter house competitions developed loyalty and comradeship, disciple was better
What were doctor Arnolds aims?
Christian gentlemen reform the curriculum improve relationships Social control- more civilised Reduce bullying
What were Dr Arnold’s methods?
Better relationships between staff and pupils
Better relationships between schools and neigbours
regulated sport- used as a vehicle for social control
Inter house competiton- he set them up
sixth form- gave them responsibility prefects
Chapel- became central to school life
How did the influence the post industrial society on public schools?
Public schools became more civilised and games became civilised and ordered
Transport- increased competitions with the devoplement of inter school leagues and competitions
Technology- improved but facilities; swimming pools and Indian rubber
New middle classes- Became more civilised, more respectable round school, mc had own public Schools
Ex public school- boys- Would become leaders in society army officers/ politicians, spreading sports around country
How did the public schools promote their games?
Free time- were boarding schools, had free time and games became compulsory (high standards of play)
Money- Due to wealthy establishments, able to afford land, specialist equipment and facilities
Coaches- Had the money to employ professional coaches eg cricket
Teachers- Were encouraged to support and coach house teams and join in
Fixtures- played prestigious matches against MCC
How did the public schools help organise sports and games?
Regular inter house and inter school matches because of cumplosary games
Games with structure and eastbalised rules, better literacy skills.
Inter house and inter school leagues and competitions from the result of rail systems
