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Year 1 > Signalling > Flashcards

Signalling Flashcards

1
Q

Why do cells need to perform signalling?

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2
Q

What are the different types of signalling molecules?

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3
Q

What is interferon?

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4
Q

What are the short range signals?

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5
Q

What is juxtacrine signalling?

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6
Q

What is direct signalling?

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7
Q

What is intracrine signalling?

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8
Q

What is autocrine signalling?

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9
Q

What is paracrine signalling?

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10
Q

Where is stromal lymphopoeitin released from?

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11
Q

What is endocrine signalling?

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12
Q

What is the difference between neuronal and hormonal signalling?

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13
Q

What is the storage, movement and effects of peptide messengers?

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14
Q

What is the synthesis, storage, movement and effects of steroid messengers?

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15
Q

What is the synthesis storage, movement and effects of catecholamine messengers?

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16
Q

What is the synthesis storage, movement and effects of thyroid messengers?

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17
Q

Function of soma

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18
Q

Function of axon hillock

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19
Q

Function of myelin sheath

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20
Q

Function of nodes of ranvier

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21
Q

How are neurons classified?

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22
Q

What are nerves?

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23
Q

What are tracts?

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24
Q

What is the order of composition of the nerve fibre?

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25
Q

Function of neuroglial cells?

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26
Q

Examples of glial cells?

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27
Q

What is the CNS?

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28
Q

Which division is the autonomic and somatic derived from?

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29
Q

Which division is sympathetic and parasympathetic derived from?

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30
Q

Effects of sympathetic response

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31
Q

Effects of parasympathetic response

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32
Q

Function of cerebrum

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33
Q

Function of medulla

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34
Q

Function of cerebellum

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35
Q

Where do cranial nerves emerge?

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36
Q

Name the sensory cranial nerves

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37
Q

Name the motor cranial nerves

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38
Q

Name the sensory and motor cranial nerves

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39
Q

What part of nervous system is damaged in Homer’s syndrome?

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40
Q

What target proteins are influenced by ligands?

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41
Q

Which molecules can directly pass through the membrane?

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42
Q

Which molecules require carrier for transport?

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43
Q

Why is transduction beneficial?

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44
Q

What are the types of molecular switches?

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45
Q

What are G proteins?

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46
Q

What are the GTPase and the five classes?

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47
Q

What are the 4 receptors?

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48
Q

What are the characteristics of ligand gated ion channels?

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49
Q

How can ligand gated ion channels be targeted?

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50
Q

What are the characteristics of G protein coupled receptors?

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51
Q

What is the function and mechanism of G protein coupled receptors?

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52
Q

What are the G alpha subunits?

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53
Q

Difference between muscarinic and nicotinic receptors?

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54
Q

What is the A1 adrenoreceptor?

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55
Q

What is the A2 adrenoreceptor?

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56
Q

What is the B1 adrenoreceptor?

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57
Q

What is the B2 adrenoreceptor?

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58
Q

What are the characteristics of the kinase receptor?

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59
Q

Why is the JAKS/STATS pathway important?

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60
Q

What are the 2 types of intracellular receptors?

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61
Q

What are the characteristics of a nuclear receptor?

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62
Q

What is tolerance?

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63
Q

What is tachyphylaxis?

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64
Q

What is tolerance?

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65
Q

What is the consequence of oppositional tolerance?

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66
Q

Which agonist is used to treat addiction and why?

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67
Q

Which antagonist is used to treat addiction and why?

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68
Q

Why can ADR occur with certain drug properties?

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69
Q

Which drugs have idiopathic ADR?

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70
Q

How are signals regulated?

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71
Q

What happens to cells in the absence of signals?

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72
Q

What are drugs?

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73
Q

What is pharmacology?

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74
Q

What is St John’s Wort used for?

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75
Q

What is Milk Thistle used for?

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76
Q

Why can drugs cause side effects?

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77
Q

How does alcohol act as a sedative?

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78
Q

What is prescribed for anti itching?

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79
Q

What is the role of plant sterols?

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80
Q

Which drugs do not use receptor targets?

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81
Q

Where do antagonists bind?

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82
Q

What is affinity?

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83
Q

What is the disassociation constant?

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84
Q

How is drug binding maintained by the body?

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85
Q

What is the mechanism of action of aspirin as an antagonist?

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86
Q

What is potency?

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87
Q

What is ec 50?

A
88
Q

Why is ec 50 important?

A

Year 1 (191 decks)

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