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Year 1 > B2 W3 > Flashcards

B2 W3 Flashcards

1
Q

Phase 1

A

Phase of cardiac action potential where sodium channels are inactivated and fast potassium efflux occurs

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2
Q

Which leads give an anterior view of heart?

A

V3 and V4

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3
Q

Septal view of heart from leads

A

V1 and V2

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4
Q

Phase 3 of action potential

A

Phase of action potential where Calcium channels inactive and delayed K+ efflux?

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5
Q

Which aortic sinus does not drain into one of the coronary arteries?

A

Right posterior

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6
Q

Troponin complex that inhibits myosin binding

A

Troponin I

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7
Q

Ejection fraction

A

Fraction of EDV ejected out by each ventricle

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8
Q

ECG which provides lateral view of the heart

A

V5 and V6

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9
Q

Cardiac axis

A

Direction of electrical current flow in the heart when ventricles are contracting

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10
Q

What separates the rough and smooth muscle of the right atria

A

Crista terminalis

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11
Q

Which coronary veins drain into the RA?

A

Great, middle, small and oblique coronary vein- this is via the coronary sinus

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12
Q

What demarcates marks the crista terminalis?

A

Sulcus terminalis

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13
Q

Lateral view of heart from leads

A

V5 and V6

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14
Q

Inferior view of heart

A

Lead III

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15
Q

Which arteries fill during diastole?

A

Only the coronary arteries which are thin. They cannot fill during systole.

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16
Q

ST segment

A

Isoelectric line between depolarisation and repolarisation

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17
Q

What type of receptor is an adrenergic receptor?

A

G-protein coupled receptor

18
Q

What is the effect of noradrenaline on SAN receptors?

A

G protein phosphorylates phospholamban to induce Ca2+ release following cAMP cascade

19
Q

What separates arterial and venous blood flow?

A

Transverse pericardial sinus

20
Q

Which leads provide inferior view of the heart

A

Lead II, Lead III and avF

21
Q

What does the left aortic sinus give rise to?

A

Left coronary artery: this splits into a LAD and a left circumflex and marginal artery

22
Q

WHat does the right aortic sinus give rise to?

A

Right coronary artery which splits into RPD (right posterior descending) and right marginal artery

23
Q

What is normal cardiac axis?

A

-30 to +90

24
Q

Effect of Digoxin

A

Increases inotropy and reduces chronotropy. Reduced use due to toxicity,

25
Q

Which leads have positive deflection and lateral heart view?

A

Lead avL, V5, V6 and I- these also provide a lateral view

26
Q

Isovolumetric ventricular relaxation

A

Ventricles relax and pressure falls so semilunar valves close

27
Q

Which veins drain the heart chambers?

A

Thesbian veins- smallest veins

28
Q

What returns calcium to SR following contraction?

A

SERCA (Sarcoendoplasmic reticulum ATPASE)

29
Q

What is the rough muscle of the right atria?

A

Musculi pectinati

30
Q

What is the smooth muscle of the RA?

A

Sinous venarum

31
Q

Which vein corresponds to the marginal coronary artery?

A

Small cardiac vein

32
Q

Oblique pericardial sinus

A

What is the blind recess caused by pericardial reflections off the pulmonary veins and inferior vena cava?

33
Q

Length of atrial systole?

A

0.1 seconds

34
Q

How many pulmonary veins drain into Left Atria?

A

4

35
Q

Which vein descends from the left atria?

A

Oblique coronary vein

36
Q

Time between two QRS complex

A

RR interval

37
Q

Chordae tendinae

A

Connects the papillary muscles to the valve

38
Q

What inhibits binding of myosin?

A

Troponin I

39
Q

Anterior coronary vein

A

Drains blood from R ventricle into R atria

40
Q

Which calcium channels open during depolarisation?

A

L-type Calcium channels

41
Q

Digoxin

A

Inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase pump. Increases intracellular sodium to cause Na+/Ca2+ exchanger to increase intracellular Ca2+ levels

Year 1 (191 decks)

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