Cerebellum

Question 1

What separates the cerebellum from the cerebrum?

Answer 1

Tentorium cerebelli

Question 2

What are the cerebellar lobes?

Answer 2

Anterior lobe, posterior lobe and floccunodular lobe

Question 3

What is the intermediate zone?

Answer 3

Located on either side of the vermis. Also known as the paravermal zone and contains the spinocerebellum and intersposed nuclei globose and emboliform

Question 4

Innervation of axial skeleton in cerebellum?

Answer 4

Vermis

Question 5

Innervation of appendicular skeleton in cerebellum?

Answer 5

Paravermal area/intermediate zone

Question 6

Vestibulocerebellum location

Answer 6

Floccunodular lobe, containing fastigial nuclei

Question 7

Spinocerebellum location

Answer 7

Paravermal area which contains intersposed nuclei emboliform and globose

Question 8

Cerebrocerebellum location

Answer 8

Lateral hemispheres containing the dendate nuclei

Question 9

Cerebellar nuclei

Answer 9

Grey matter embedded deep in the cerebellum which are the major output structures of the cerebellum

Question 10

Mneumonic for cerebellar nuclei

Answer 10

Don’t Eat Greasy Food

Question 11

What is the dentothalamic pathway?

Answer 11

The projection from the dendate nuclei of the cerebellum to the ipsilateral thalamus to project onto the cortex to plan movement

Question 12

What is the dento-rubrothalamic pathway

Answer 12

Projection from dendate nuclei to contralateral red nuclei and then the thalamus to plan movement

Question 13

What is the spinocerebellum ?

Answer 13

Responsible for motor co-ordination by integrating sensory and motor input from propioceptors and vestibular nuclei.

Question 14

What is the spinocerebellum pathway?

Answer 14

Receives input from the spinocerebellar tract and audiotory and visual input via the inferior cerebellar peduncles to the intersposed nuclei. These project via the superior cerbellar peduncles onto the red nuclei and control the muscle flexors in the rubrospinal tract, vestibular nuclei to control vestibulospinal tract and the reticular formaiton in the brainstem to control muscle extensors and flexors in the reticulospinal tract.

Question 15

What is the vestibulocerebellum?

Answer 15

Responsible for balance and posture.

Question 16

What is the vestibulocerebellaumpathway?

Answer 16

Fastigila nuclei receives input from the vestibular nuclei, auditory informatin, somatosensory and visual via the inferior cerebellar peduncles. It projects again through the inferior cerebellar peduncles back to the vestibular nuclei to control vestibulospinal tract and reticular formation to control extensors and flexors.

Question 17

What is the cerebrocerebellum?

Answer 17

Largest portion of the cerebellum which is responsible for planning and timing movement and cognitive cerebellum functions.

Question 18

What is the cerebrocerebellar pathway?

Answer 18

Cortex projects onto pontine nuclei which enters in the middle cerebellar peduncle to project to the dendate nuclei. Dendate nuclei projects out the superior cerebellar peduncle to the contralateral red nuclei for flexor muscle control and the ipsilateral ventrolateral complex of the thalamus to the cortex for planning and co-ordinating movement.

Question 19

What are the inferior olivary fibres?

Answer 19

Enter via the inferior cerebellar peduncles. Transmit propioceptive information via excitatory aspartate to the Purkinje cells to inhibt dendate nuclei to correct movement.

Question 20

What are the mossy fibres?

Answer 20

Enter via inferior cerebellar peduncles. Transmits information from the brainstem nuclei via excitatory glutamate to the granule cells. This will either stimulate Purkinje cells to inhibit movement via T outputs. Or, it will stimulate the stellate and basket cells to inhibit Purkinje cells and allow movement.

Question 21

What are the layers of the cerebellar cortex?

Answer 21

Molecular, purkinje, granular layer and white matter

Question 22

Which cells are present in the molecular layer?

Answer 22

Stellate and basket cells. Thse can be stimulated by granule cell ouptuts to inhibit the Purkinje fibres and allow action of dendate nuclei for movement.

Question 23

Which cells are present in the purkinje layer?

Answer 23

Purkinje cells. It releases inhibitory GABA to the dendate nuclei to prevent movement.

Question 24

Which cells are present in the granular layer?

Answer 24

Golgi cells and granule cells.

Question 25

Which cells are present in the white matter layer?

Answer 25

Embedded grey matter- dendate nuclei

Question 26

What inhibts the dendate nuceli?

Answer 26

Purkinje cells

Question 27

Excitatory cerebellar neurons

Answer 27

Granule cells which release glutamate and brush cells

Question 28

Inhibitory cerebellar neurons

Answer 28

Stellate, basket, purkinje and golgi which release GABA.