B1 W1 Flashcards
Transmission Electron Micrography
Beam of electrons with magnet is passed through specimen with heavy metal stain
Vesicles containing oxidative enzymes which carry out lipid metabolism and detoxification
Peroxisomes- they generate H202 which is then metabolised by catalse -> H20 and O2
Organelles of cisternae which assemble, modify and package cell complexes and lies close to the nucleus
Golgi apparatus
Symporters
Move one molecule along conc gradient and one molecule against it
Organelle carries out autophagy
Lysosyme
Site of Krebs cycle
Mitochondrial matrix
Citric acid/ Tricarboxylic acid cycle
Krebs cycle- occurs in the mitochondrial matrix
Network of fibres which holds the cell together
Cytoskeleton
Process where amino acid enters the Krebs cycle as an intermediate
Deamination
Molecule that cannot be converted into glucose
Fatty acids
Catabolism
Breakdown of molecules
Site of oxidative phosphorylation
Inner mitochondrial membrane
Molecule in phospholipid bilayer which strengthens the membrane and reduces fluidity and water loss
Cholesterol
Site of ribosome synthesis
Nucleolus
Site of electron transport chain and ATP powered pump in oxidative phosphorylation
Cristae of mitochondria
FIlament in cell cytoskeleton which extends from the centre and forms a bridge
Microtubules
Site of link reaction
Mitochondrial matrix
Site of fatty acid beta oxidation
Mitochondria
Cori Cycle
Gluconeogenesis from lactate-> pyruvate -> glucose, producing net 6ATP
Which molecules can pass through the membrane?
Water and lipid soluble molecules
Which molecule cannot be stored?
Protein
Adrenaline effect on glucose
Causes glycogenolysisby binding to metabatropic receptors for cAMP signalling
SEM
Specimen coated in heavy metal is scanned by electron beam and creates 3D image
Pentose phosphate pathway
Metabolic pathway which generates NADPH for fatty acid synthesis and ribose-5 phosphate for nucleotide synthesis
Which molecules cannot pass through the membrane?
Water soluble drugs/hormones, ions and polar molecules
Lactate fermentation
Formation of lactate from pyruvate, which generates NADH
Microscopy where light is passed through 2 filters
Fluorescent light microscopy
Ketone bodies
Water soluble, formed in the liver during starvation
Uniporter which transports glucose
GLUT4 transporter
How is equlibrium established for membrane potential?
Leaky K+ channels which create high permeability and the Na+/k+ pump
Hunger, dizziness, tiredness, palpitations
Hypoglycaemia
Oxidation provides most energy
Fats- 9kcal. It is an unlimited energy store.
Movement of glucose against its conc gradient
Na+/glucose cotransporter
Thirst, need to pee, unintentional weight loss, sweet breath, feeling sick
Hyperglycemia
Site of protein synthesis
RER- contains ribosomes
RER
Carries out post translational modification
H attached to carbon is on the same side as the double bond
Cis unsaturated fatty acids which are more kinky and make the membrane more fluid
Site of carbohydrate and lipid synthesis
Smooth RER
Anabolism
Synthesis of compounds in the cell
Isoforms
Functionally similar proteins with same MRNA but different introns are removed
Site of glycolysis
Cyptoplasm
Water filled pores that allow ions to move against conc gradient
Channel protein
Filament in cytoskeleton near membrane which provides structural support
Actin
Product of beta oxidation
Acetyl coA
Cytoskeleton components
Actin, intermediate filaments and microtubules
