Harvluck B8 W1 Flashcards
Oestrogen effects
Maintain body temp, breast, vagina, ovary and uterus development,
Spermatogonium
Become encased in sex cords and cease mitosis
Where does ureter drain into?
Superior and posterior bladder
Location of perineal membrane?
Beneath levator ani
When does meisosi I completed in women?
Pre-ovulatory stage with LH surge
Sympathetic fibres on genitals and sphincter
Cause smooth muscle contraction of internal male sphincter and genitals
Wollfian duct progenitors
Epididymis and vas deferens
What happens to the primary oocyte during folliculogenesis?
Arrested in meiosis I while gollicular growth occurs. Nuclear maturation occurs in meiosis I when there is an LH surge to rpoduce secondary oocyte arrested in metaphase
Receptor for GnRH
GnRH1- G protein coupled receptor
Which cells contract to move sperm out of the testes?
Myoid cells of seminiferous tubules
What surrounds the bladder in males?
Prostate
Percentage of sperm for good fertilisation
4%
Which muscle shares a tendon with the bulbospongiosus muscle?
Transverse perineal muscle
Vein down the penis shaft
Deep dorsal vein which drains into the prostate plexus
What happens to the cortex of the mesonephors in males?
Degenerates- vice versa for males
Uterine cycle
Uterine- menstruation, proliferative and sectetory phase
Menstrual cycle
Menstrual- follicular phase, ovulation and luteal phase
Cytoplasmic maturation
Mitochondria and cortical granules relocate to periphery
Precursor to all sex steroid hormones
Pregnenolone
Space between perineal membrane and pelvic diaphragm
Deep perineal pouch
Oogenesis
Mitosis begins in foetus but is arrested in meiosis I diplotene until ovarian cycle
What secretes sugar rich fluid for sperm?
Seminal veiscle
Effects of oestrogen on brain
Body temp for vasomotor changes and protect against memory loss
Orgasmic platform
Thickening of lower third of vagina when uterus is fully elevated
Anterior ischioanal fossa
Soace between perineal membrane and levator ani. It has blood supply and fat.
What sustains SOX9?
PDG2 and FOX9
Gubernaculum in males
Attaches testes to abdominal wall and develops into the inguinal canal
What attaches ovary to broad ligament?
Mesovarium
What covers ovarian surface?
Mesosalpinx
Low sperm motility
Asthenozoospermia
Absence of sperm
Azoospermia
Low sperm count
Oligozoospermia
Prostate specific antigen
Liquifies semen to prevent aggregation
Gland in vagina which secretes fluid for lubrication
Bartholin’s gland
Menopause symtpoms
Urogenital atrophy and sleep disturbance
Where does ureter drain into?
Superior and posterior
Urethral folds
Form penis shaft
Side effects of contraceptive pill
Nausea, vomiting, weight gain, breast enlargement
What causes production of FGF9
PDG2
What causes production of androgens from Leydig cells?
FGF9
What sustains SOX9?
FGF9 and PDG2
Testis cordis
Penetrate medullary mesenchyme and surround primordial germ cells
Remnant of the mesonephros which forms epididymis
Mesonephric collecting tubules
Where does the ductus deferens cross ureter?
Ampulla
Sympathetic fibres that supply the penis
T10-L2
Location of Cowper’s glands
Located on either side of he urethra
Plateau phase in women
Orgasmic platform, Bartholin’s gland secretions, clitoris withdraws
Effect of secretory phase
Thicekning of myometrium
What happens after fertilisation?
Forms third polar body after Meiosis II and ferilisated egg moves to the uterus to implant.
When does LH act on granulosa cells?
During ovulation and acts on theca cells too in order to induce production of oestrogen and progesterone
Raffe
Scar at bottom of penis after zipping urethral folds
Erectile dysfunction- conditions
Diabetes, coronary artery disease, renal failure, arthritis
