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Year 1 > Harvluck B8 W1 > Flashcards

Harvluck B8 W1 Flashcards

1
Q

Oestrogen effects

A

Maintain body temp, breast, vagina, ovary and uterus development,

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2
Q

Spermatogonium

A

Become encased in sex cords and cease mitosis

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3
Q

Where does ureter drain into?

A

Superior and posterior bladder

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4
Q

Location of perineal membrane?

A

Beneath levator ani

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5
Q

When does meisosi I completed in women?

A

Pre-ovulatory stage with LH surge

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6
Q

Sympathetic fibres on genitals and sphincter

A

Cause smooth muscle contraction of internal male sphincter and genitals

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7
Q

Wollfian duct progenitors

A

Epididymis and vas deferens

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8
Q

What happens to the primary oocyte during folliculogenesis?

A

Arrested in meiosis I while gollicular growth occurs. Nuclear maturation occurs in meiosis I when there is an LH surge to rpoduce secondary oocyte arrested in metaphase

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9
Q

Receptor for GnRH

A

GnRH1- G protein coupled receptor

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10
Q

Which cells contract to move sperm out of the testes?

A

Myoid cells of seminiferous tubules

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11
Q

What surrounds the bladder in males?

A

Prostate

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12
Q

Percentage of sperm for good fertilisation

A

4%

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13
Q

Which muscle shares a tendon with the bulbospongiosus muscle?

A

Transverse perineal muscle

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14
Q

Vein down the penis shaft

A

Deep dorsal vein which drains into the prostate plexus

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15
Q

What happens to the cortex of the mesonephors in males?

A

Degenerates- vice versa for males

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16
Q

Uterine cycle

A

Uterine- menstruation, proliferative and sectetory phase

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17
Q

Menstrual cycle

A

Menstrual- follicular phase, ovulation and luteal phase

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18
Q

Cytoplasmic maturation

A

Mitochondria and cortical granules relocate to periphery

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19
Q

Precursor to all sex steroid hormones

A

Pregnenolone

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20
Q

Space between perineal membrane and pelvic diaphragm

A

Deep perineal pouch

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21
Q

Oogenesis

A

Mitosis begins in foetus but is arrested in meiosis I diplotene until ovarian cycle

22
Q

What secretes sugar rich fluid for sperm?

A

Seminal veiscle

23
Q

Effects of oestrogen on brain

A

Body temp for vasomotor changes and protect against memory loss

24
Q

Orgasmic platform

A

Thickening of lower third of vagina when uterus is fully elevated

25
Q

Anterior ischioanal fossa

A

Soace between perineal membrane and levator ani. It has blood supply and fat.

26
Q

What sustains SOX9?

A

PDG2 and FOX9

27
Q

Gubernaculum in males

A

Attaches testes to abdominal wall and develops into the inguinal canal

28
Q

What attaches ovary to broad ligament?

A

Mesovarium

29
Q

What covers ovarian surface?

A

Mesosalpinx

30
Q

Low sperm motility

A

Asthenozoospermia

31
Q

Absence of sperm

A

Azoospermia

32
Q

Low sperm count

A

Oligozoospermia

33
Q

Prostate specific antigen

A

Liquifies semen to prevent aggregation

34
Q

Gland in vagina which secretes fluid for lubrication

A

Bartholin’s gland

35
Q

Menopause symtpoms

A

Urogenital atrophy and sleep disturbance

36
Q

Where does ureter drain into?

A

Superior and posterior

37
Q

Urethral folds

A

Form penis shaft

38
Q

Side effects of contraceptive pill

A

Nausea, vomiting, weight gain, breast enlargement

39
Q

What causes production of FGF9

A

PDG2

40
Q

What causes production of androgens from Leydig cells?

A

FGF9

41
Q

What sustains SOX9?

A

FGF9 and PDG2

42
Q

Testis cordis

A

Penetrate medullary mesenchyme and surround primordial germ cells

43
Q

Remnant of the mesonephros which forms epididymis

A

Mesonephric collecting tubules

44
Q

Where does the ductus deferens cross ureter?

A

Ampulla

45
Q

Sympathetic fibres that supply the penis

A

T10-L2

46
Q

Location of Cowper’s glands

A

Located on either side of he urethra

47
Q

Plateau phase in women

A

Orgasmic platform, Bartholin’s gland secretions, clitoris withdraws

48
Q

Effect of secretory phase

A

Thicekning of myometrium

49
Q

What happens after fertilisation?

A

Forms third polar body after Meiosis II and ferilisated egg moves to the uterus to implant.

50
Q

When does LH act on granulosa cells?

A

During ovulation and acts on theca cells too in order to induce production of oestrogen and progesterone

51
Q

Raffe

A

Scar at bottom of penis after zipping urethral folds

52
Q

Erectile dysfunction- conditions

A

Diabetes, coronary artery disease, renal failure, arthritis

Year 1 (191 decks)

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