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Year 1 > B1 W4 > Flashcards

B1 W4 Flashcards

1
Q

What has no effect on the receptor but reduces agonist effect?

A

Antagonist

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2
Q

What connective tissue sheath surrounds each nerve?

A

Epineurium

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3
Q

What is therapeutic window?

A

Range of effective doses within a safe range

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4
Q

Which ion initiates exocytosis?

A

Ca2+

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5
Q

What are Schwann cells?

A

Make up the myelin sheath

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6
Q

What bacterial chemical inhibits the exocytosis of neurosecretory vesicles?

A

Botulinum

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7
Q

What is an amplifier enzyme and a secondary messenger?

A

G protein

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8
Q

Time course

A

The time for the drug to reach the receptor, binding rate constants, activation and I activation of the receptors and time needed for the drug to be removed from the tissues.

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9
Q

What is the term used to describe the factor which determine active conc of drug at active site?

A

Pharmacokinetics

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10
Q

Which secondary messenger is formed from membrane phospholipids and is amplified by phospholipase C to release Calcium ion stores?

A

Inositol triphosphate

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11
Q

Tmax

A

Time taken between drug dose and cmax

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12
Q

Which protein undergoes tyrosine phosphorylation by JAKS and dimerise to translocate to the nucleus to mediate DNA transcription

A

STATs

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13
Q

STATS

A

Proteins bound to phosphorylated residues on receptor kinase. They undergo tyrosine phosphorylation by JAKS and dimerise to translocate to the nucleus and mediate DNA transcription

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14
Q

Which motor division controls CNS -> muscles?

A

Somatic

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15
Q

Located in the cell membrane and are a single transmembrane helix liking extracellular receptor domain to intracellular kinase domains

A

Receptor kinase

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16
Q

Two compartment model

A

Drug enters the peripheral compartment and enters the central compartment which is the plasma/liver/kidney

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17
Q

Receptor kinase

A

Transmembrane helix linking extracellular domain to intracellular domain

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18
Q

What is the term used to describe the dose of a drug required to produce a given effect which depends on efficacy and affinity?

A

Potency

19
Q

Conc which half the drug is bound to receptor at equilibrium

A

Disassociation constant

20
Q

What is the nitric oxide pathway?

A

Induces vasodilation. Nitric oxide activates guanyl cyclase for conversion of GMP

21
Q

Monomeric G proteins

A

Cause phosphorylation cascade

22
Q

What surrounds each individual nerve fibre?

A

Endoneurium

23
Q

Enzymes which use oxidation to metabolise substrates. Can be inhibited by drugs

A

Cytochrome P450

24
Q

Division of nervous system from CNS to muscles

A

Somatic nervous system

25
Q

Division of the nervous system from CNS to glands and muscles?

A

Autonomic
From CNS to glands and muscles

26
Q

Spinal nerves

A

PNS nerves which originate in the spinal cord

26
Q

What connective tissue sheath surrounds individual nerve fibre?

A

Endoneurium

27
Q

Potency

A

Dose of a drug for a given effect, depends on affinity and efficacy

28
Q

Neuroglia

A

Supply nutrients, digest dead neurons

29
Q

Signalling where substances act on cells nearby

A

Paracrine signalling

30
Q

Signalling where substances act on the cell it was synthesised and secreted from

A

Autocrine signalling

31
Q

Substances act within the cells that created it

A

Intracrine signalling such as steroid hormone

32
Q

Neurons with multiple dendrites

A

Multipolar neurons such as motor neurone

33
Q

Emax

A

Maximal effect of a drug

34
Q

Serine threonine kinase

A

Phosphorylates serine and kinase residues

35
Q

Terminal button

A

Ends of axon which forms synapses

36
Q

One dendrite and one axon connected by soma

A

Bipolar neuron such as sensory neuron

37
Q

Pseudounipolar

A

Sensory neurone

38
Q

Substances act on adjacent cells in direct contact

A

Juxtacrine signalling

39
Q

Dialglycerol

A

Secondary messanger made from membrane phospholipids amplified by phospholipase C

39
Q

Dialglycerol

A

Secondary messanger made from membrane phospholipids amplified by phospholipase C

40
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Area of the brain which controls thirst, hunger, osmotic pressure and pituituary gland

41
Q

Replaces GDP to activate the alpha subunit

A

GTP

42
Q

Nucleus receptors

A

Monomeric receptors with separate receptor and DNA binding site

Year 1 (191 decks)

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