B1 W4 Flashcards
What has no effect on the receptor but reduces agonist effect?
Antagonist
What connective tissue sheath surrounds each nerve?
Epineurium
What is therapeutic window?
Range of effective doses within a safe range
Which ion initiates exocytosis?
Ca2+
What are Schwann cells?
Make up the myelin sheath
What bacterial chemical inhibits the exocytosis of neurosecretory vesicles?
Botulinum
What is an amplifier enzyme and a secondary messenger?
G protein
Time course
The time for the drug to reach the receptor, binding rate constants, activation and I activation of the receptors and time needed for the drug to be removed from the tissues.
What is the term used to describe the factor which determine active conc of drug at active site?
Pharmacokinetics
Which secondary messenger is formed from membrane phospholipids and is amplified by phospholipase C to release Calcium ion stores?
Inositol triphosphate
Tmax
Time taken between drug dose and cmax
Which protein undergoes tyrosine phosphorylation by JAKS and dimerise to translocate to the nucleus to mediate DNA transcription
STATs
STATS
Proteins bound to phosphorylated residues on receptor kinase. They undergo tyrosine phosphorylation by JAKS and dimerise to translocate to the nucleus and mediate DNA transcription
Which motor division controls CNS -> muscles?
Somatic
Located in the cell membrane and are a single transmembrane helix liking extracellular receptor domain to intracellular kinase domains
Receptor kinase
Two compartment model
Drug enters the peripheral compartment and enters the central compartment which is the plasma/liver/kidney
Receptor kinase
Transmembrane helix linking extracellular domain to intracellular domain
What is the term used to describe the dose of a drug required to produce a given effect which depends on efficacy and affinity?
Potency
Conc which half the drug is bound to receptor at equilibrium
Disassociation constant
What is the nitric oxide pathway?
Induces vasodilation. Nitric oxide activates guanyl cyclase for conversion of GMP
Monomeric G proteins
Cause phosphorylation cascade
What surrounds each individual nerve fibre?
Endoneurium
Enzymes which use oxidation to metabolise substrates. Can be inhibited by drugs
Cytochrome P450
Division of nervous system from CNS to muscles
Somatic nervous system
Division of the nervous system from CNS to glands and muscles?
Autonomic
From CNS to glands and muscles
Spinal nerves
PNS nerves which originate in the spinal cord
What connective tissue sheath surrounds individual nerve fibre?
Endoneurium
Potency
Dose of a drug for a given effect, depends on affinity and efficacy
Neuroglia
Supply nutrients, digest dead neurons
Signalling where substances act on cells nearby
Paracrine signalling
Signalling where substances act on the cell it was synthesised and secreted from
Autocrine signalling
Substances act within the cells that created it
Intracrine signalling such as steroid hormone
Neurons with multiple dendrites
Multipolar neurons such as motor neurone
Emax
Maximal effect of a drug
Serine threonine kinase
Phosphorylates serine and kinase residues
Terminal button
Ends of axon which forms synapses
One dendrite and one axon connected by soma
Bipolar neuron such as sensory neuron
Pseudounipolar
Sensory neurone
Substances act on adjacent cells in direct contact
Juxtacrine signalling
Dialglycerol
Secondary messanger made from membrane phospholipids amplified by phospholipase C
Dialglycerol
Secondary messanger made from membrane phospholipids amplified by phospholipase C
Hypothalamus
Area of the brain which controls thirst, hunger, osmotic pressure and pituituary gland
Replaces GDP to activate the alpha subunit
GTP
Nucleus receptors
Monomeric receptors with separate receptor and DNA binding site
