Anatomy of the Female Pelvis Flashcards
What is the sinuvaginal bulb?
Endodermal outgrowth on the urogenital sinus which will fuse with the paramesonephric duct to become uterus and vagina. Sinuvaginal bulb will become the lower vagina.
What forms the proximal vagina?
Mullerian duct- also forms the oviducts and ovaries
What is the broad ligament?
Double layer of peritoneum, which is a derivative of the gubernaculum from the closure of the Mullerian duct. It contains the suspensory ligament, ligament of ovary and its continuation the round ligament.
Broad ligament connects the uterus to the ovary or pelvis.
What makes up the broad ligament?
Mesovarium
Mesosaplinx
Mesometrium
What is the mesovarium?
Portion of the broad ligament that suspends the ovaries.
What is the mesosalpinx?
Portion of the broad ligament covering the uterine tubes.
What is the mesometrium?
Forms the majority of the broad ligament which covers the surface of the uterus.
How are the bladder and vagina separated?
Vesico-uterine pouch formed of peritoneum.
How are the vagina and rectum separated?
Rectourine pouch formed of peritoneum
Where is the ovary located?
In the outpouch of the ovarian tube called the infundibulum
What is the end of the uterine tube?
Infundibulum
What is the fimbriae?
Finger-like projections at the end of the ovarian tube
What are the pocuhes in the vagina?
Rectourine and vesicouterine pouches formed of peritoneum
What is the ligament of ovary?
Peritoneum from the ovary and attached to the uterus
What is the round ligament?
Peritoneum which is a continuation of the ligament of the uterus that connects the ovary to the labia majora external genitalia by passing through the inguinal canal
What is the precursor to the round ligament?
Gubernaculum- a fibrous cord
Where is the uterus located relative to cervix?
Anteverted
Where is vagina relative to cervix?
Anteverted
What is the layers of the uterus?
Endometrium, myometrium and perimetrium
What is the composition of the endometrium?
Starco functional and starco basallae.
What is the histology of the uterus?
Simple columnar above the epithelial transformational zone.
Where do changes to the uterus occur in menstrual cycle?
Starco functinal area of the endometrium zone. It sheds, thickens and swells during the uterine cycle of menstruation, proliferation and secretion.
What is the epithelial transformation zone?
The point in the cervical canal near the body of the uterus where the histology changes from simple columnar to stratified squamous. Cervical canal is simple columnar, ectocervix and vagina is stratified squamous non kera.
What is the histology of the ectocervix?
Stratified squamous
What is the histology of the cervical canal?
Simple columnar
What is the histology of the vagina?
Stratified squamous
What is the arterial supply?
Gonad has separate blood supply from the aorta directly which is the ovarian artery. Internal iliac has branches to supply the rest. External genitalia is the internal pudendal. Vagina is the vaginal artery. Uterus is the uterine artery.
What are the arterial supply to the external genitalia?
Branches of the internal pudendal artery. Deep artery and dorsal artery of clitoris. There is a posterior labial artery. There is artery of vestibular bulb.
What is contained in the perineum?
Anus, bladder, rectum, uterus, cervix, vagina
What is the roof of the perineum?
Pelvic diaphragm
What are the openings in the perineal membrane?
Urethra and vagina
What is the perineal body?
Tendon which connects the perineal membrane to the pelvic muscle such as transverse perineal muscle. It is located in the unction between the anus and the vagina.
What is the role of the corpus cavernosus?
Forms the crura/legs of the clitoris and fill with blood during female erection
What is the role of the vestibular bulbs?
Located on either side of the vagina which swell with blood during arousal and apply pressure to the corpus cavernosum of the clitoris for vaginal orgasmic contraction of the ischiocavernosus muscle
What is the innervation for the somatic motor and sensory to the female genitalia?
Pudendal nerve
What are the branches of the pudendal nerve?
Dorsal nerve of clitoris and posterior labial nerve
What is the venous drainage of the female genitalia?
Posterior labial drains into the internal pudendal vein. Deep dorsal vein drains into the vesicle plexus of the bladder.
Which structure contains the uterine artery and veins?
Cardinal ligament, which connects the uterus to the lateral wall of the cervix.
What is the role of the uterosacral ligament?
Connects the cervix to the saccrum.
What is the position of the ureter in proximity to the uterine vessels?
Posterior, so it is at risk of injury in hysterectomy.
(Water under the bridge)
