Activities of Daily Living Flashcards
What is muscle tone?
Resistance to movement that allows us to co-ordinate it and fine tune
What is a disabled person?
A person with an impairment who experiences disability.
What is disability?
The negative interactions between the person and their environment due to an impairment.
What is impairment?
A condition such as an injury or congential disease that leads to a loss of physical or cognitive function.
What is a handicap?
A disadvantage for an individual due to their impairment or disability that prevents them from fulfilling their normal roles
How does arthritis affect ADL?
Difficulty with household chores, getting up from a chair or getting into a bath due to pain in their joints which is worse in the morning
How do fractures affect ADL?
Difficulty getting dressed, difficulty showering
What are the medical factors which affect disability?
Genetics or environmental causes that lead to impairment which causes a loss of function
What are the psychological factors that affect disability?
Societal attitudes, coping strategies, illness behaviour and your level of motivation.
What are the social factors that affect disability?
Occupational demands, cultural attitidues and economic incentives and control.
What are the aims in treating disability?
Reducing pain, increasing range of function and motion, promote independence and quality of life, red flag screening/
How can outcomes of disability be measured?
The barthel index, self-report questionnaires and the functional assessment measure,
Why does impairment occur?
Due to illness or genetics
Why does disability occur?
Because of the unfair structure of society that leads to the loss of opportunities to participate on an equal level
How can disability be reduced?
Financial support, support services to encourage independence and managing pain, greater accessibility
What is the leading cause of mortality in over 75s?
Fall due to frailty
How can handicap be reduced?
Physiotherapy
What is biopsychosocial model?
Biological, Psychological and Social factors to treat disease by making the patient an active participant in rehabilitation for recovery and manage to relieve pain and prevent disability
What is traditional medical model?
Problem and recovery are not the patient’s responsibility and they receive health care and relief of pain will cure disability,
What is the level of outcome measure?
Individual patient to meet nutritional requirements and independence, service level such as number of patients following referral, multidisciplinary team level which is the number of patients discharged before estimated and organisational level such as the mean length of stay
How does pain affect ADL?
Pain is a symptom of disability, not a sign and HCPs should focus on improving patient’s function which is more relevant than damage
