A&P - Chapter 6 (Part 2)

Question 1

Where does dialysis occur?

Answer 1

Across a selective permeable membrane

Question 2

What does dialysis cause?

Answer 2

The separation of smaller solute particles from larger ones

Question 3

Hemodialysis

Answer 3

Is to clean the blood of patients with kidney failure

Question 4

What is the difference between osmosis and dialysis?

Answer 4

Osmosis is diffusion of water, where dialysis is diffusion of solutes

Question 5

Channel mediated passive transport

Answer 5

Allow specific things to pass through the membrane through a channel

Question 6

Are channels specific?

Answer 6

Yes

Question 7

Channels (3)

Answer 7

1. Channels are specific
2. Channels allow membranes to be selectively permeable
3. Channels may be open or closed

Question 8

How are channels activated?

Answer 8

By a variety of stimuli

Question 9

What are 3 examples of stimuli that can activate a channel?

Answer 9

1. Chemical
2. Nerve impulse
3. Light

Question 10

Carrier mediated passive transport

Answer 10

Allow one thing to pass through the membrane at a time when it is attached onto the carrier

Question 11

How do membrane carriers let things pass? (4)

Answer 11

1. They attract a substance
2. Bind to the solute
3. Change shape
4. Release the solute out on the other side of the carrier

Question 12

Are membrane carriers reversible or irr-reversible?

Answer 12

Usually reversible

- depends on the concentration gradient

Question 13

Filtration

Answer 13

Movement of water and permeable solutes through a membrane

Question 14

What direction is the movement of filtration?

Answer 14

Area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Question 15

What is the force called that pushes on the side of the membranes?

Answer 15

Hydrostatic pressure

Question 16

What is an example of when hydrostatic pressure occurs?

Answer 16

During formation of urine by kidneys

Question 17

Where does active transport occur?

Answer 17

Occurs only in living cells

- through living membranes

Question 18

What direction does active transport go?

Answer 18

Area of low concentration to an area of high concentration

- up the gradient

Question 19

What does active transport require?

Answer 19

Energy from ATP

Question 20

What are 2 types of active transport?

Answer 20

1. Membrane pumps

2. Transport by vesicles

Question 21

What are 2 types of transport by vesicles?

Answer 21

1. Endocytosis

2. Exocytosis

Question 22

Membrane pumps

Answer 22

A protein complex in the cell membrane

- carrier

Question 23

What do membrane pumps use energy for?

Answer 23

To move substances across cell membranes against their concentration gradient

Question 24

What is an example of the membrane pump?

Answer 24

Ca/K pump

Question 25

Endocytosis

Answer 25

Plasma membrane traps extracellular material and brings it into the cell

Question 26

What are 2 types of endocytosis?

Answer 26

1. Phagocytosis

2. Pinocytosis

Question 27

Phagocytosis

Answer 27

Large particle are engulfed by the plasma membrane and enter the cell in vesicles; the vesicles fuse with lysosomes which digest the particle
- cell eating

Question 28

Pinocytosis

Answer 28

Fluid and the substances dissolved in it enter the cell

- cell drinking

Question 29

Where does endocytosis get there substances?

Answer 29

Get it from the outside he cell

Question 30

Exocytosis (3)

Answer 30

1. Intracellular material are enclosed in membranous vesicles by the golgi body
2. Vesicles are pulled out of the plasma membrane
3. Vesicle membranes fuse with the plasma membrane and release their contents to outside the cell

Question 31

What is exocytosis also used for? (2)

Answer 31

1. Glandular secretions

2. Building/repairing cells plasma membranes