A&P - Chapter 35 (Part 3)

Question 1

What is the function of the trachea?

Answer 1

Passageway for air to move to and from lungs

Question 2

What does the ciliated mucosal lining do?

Answer 2

Traps airborne irritants

Question 3

What does complete occlusion of the airway cause in minutes?

Answer 3

Death

Question 4

How many deaths occur in the US from tracheal obstructions?

Answer 4

4000+

Question 5

What is the Heimlich maneuver?

Answer 5

Is a lifesaving technique used in cases of tracheal obstruction

Question 6

How does the trachea branch?

Answer 6

Into right and left bronchi (primary bronchi) which lead into right and left lungs

Question 7

How does the bronchi branch once in the lung?

Answer 7

Each primary bronchi branches into increasingly smaller secondary bronchi which eventually lead to bronchioles

Question 8

How many levels of branching bronchi are there?

Answer 8

23

Question 9

What kind of muscle are in the walls of bronchioles?

Answer 9

Smooth muscle

- no rings of cartilage

Question 10

What do bronchioles divide into?

Answer 10

Microscopic tubes called alveolar ducts

- look like the stem of a bunch of grapes

Question 11

What are the alveolar ducts are the end of each cluster of bronchioles called?

Answer 11

Alveolar sacs

- cluster fo grapes

Question 12

What are the walls of the alveolar sacs made of?

Answer 12

Alveoli

Question 13

How many alveoli’s do you have per lung?

Answer 13

Millions

Question 14

What is the function of bronchi and bronchioles

Answer 14

Are passage ways for air to move to and from alveoli

Question 15

What is the function of alveoli?

Answer 15

Site of exchange of O2 and CO2 between blood in lung capillaries and air in alveoli

Question 16

Describe the walls of alveoli

Answer 16

Thin walls that are made up of single layers of cells

Question 17

What is alveoli in direct contact with?

Answer 17

The blood capillary bed

Question 18

Alveoli and respiratory membrane

Answer 18

Thin membrane that lies between the blood in the capillaries and the air in each alveolus

Question 19

What is the alveoli and respiratory membrane covered with?

Answer 19

Surfactant

Question 20

Surfactant

Answer 20

A substance that reduces surface tension to prevent collapse of alveoli as air moves in & out

Question 21

Where do the lungs fill?

Answer 21

Fill chest cavity (except mediastinum); from diaphragm to above the clavicles

Question 22

How many lobes are in the right lobe?

Answer 22

Three lobes

Question 23

How many lobes are in the left lobe?

Answer 23

Two lobes

Question 24

What happens at the hilum of the lungs?

Answer 24

It is where the primary bronchi and pulmonary blood vessels enter

Question 25

Where do the lungs rest on?

Answer 25

The diaphragm

Question 26

Where is the base of the lungs?

Answer 26

Broad lower part of each lung

Question 27

Where is the apex of the lungs?

Answer 27

Narrow upper part of each lung

- under the collarbone

Question 28

Pleura

Answer 28

Moist, smooth, slippery membrane that lines chest cavity and covers outer surface of lungs

Question 29

What makes up the pleura?

Answer 29

1. Parietal
2. Visceral
3. Intrapleural space

Question 30

What does the parietal of the lungs do?

Answer 30

Lines walls of thoracic cavity

Question 31

What does the visceral of the lungs do?

Answer 31

Covers the lungs

Question 32

Intrapleural space

Answer 32

Lies between parietal and visceral

Question 33

Pleurisy

Answer 33

Inflammation of the pleura

Question 34

Pneumothorax

Answer 34

Collapsed lung

Question 35

What is pneumothroax due to?

Answer 35

The presence of air in the intrapleural space on one side of the chest

Question 36

What happens in the pneumothorax?

Answer 36

The air increases the pressure on that side of the lung, causing it to collapse

Question 37

What is the function of the lungs?

Answer 37

Pulmonary ventilation

- breathing

Question 38

What is the function of the pleura?

Answer 38

Reduces friction between the lungs and chest wall during breathing