A&P - Chapter 35 (Part 2) Flashcards
How many paranasal sinuses do we have?
4 pairs
Where do paranasal sinuses open/drain into?
The nasal cavity
What is the paranasal sinuses lined with?
Respiratory mucosa
What is the function of the nose? (4)
- Passageway for air to and from lungs
- Filters, warms, and moistens inhaled air as it flows over the conchae
- Contains sense organs of smell (olfactory receptors) in the nasal mucosa
- Aids speech
How long is pharynx?
12.5 cm
What is the pharynx made of?
Muscles
What are the 3 segments of the pharynx?
- Nasopharynx
- Oropharynx
- Laryngopharynx
What segment are the pharyngeal tonsils located?
Nasopharynx
What segment is the palantine and lingual tonsils located?
Oropharynx
Eustachian/auditory tubes
Open into/connect middle ears with nasopharynx, allowing equalization of air pressure between the middle and exterior ear
What is the lining of the eustachian/auditory tubes continual with?
The nasopharynx and middle ear
How can a sinus infection develop?
Can develop from a cold where the nasal mucosa is inflamed and an ear infection can develop from inflammation of the nasal pharynx
What 2 systems is the pharynx apart of?
- Digestive
2. Respiratory
What are the functions of the pharynx? (2)
- Passageway for food and liquids to the esophagus
2. Passageway for air to the respiratory tree
Where is the larynx located?
Below the pharynx
What are the 2 pieces of cartilage that makes up the framework for the larynx?
- Thyroid cartilage
2. Epiglottis
Thyroid cartilage
Adams apple
What is the largest cartilage?
Thyroid cartilage
Epiglottis
Closes off the larynx when we swallow to prevent food from entering trachea
- partially covers opening into larynx
What lines the larynx?
Ciliated mucous lining
What do vocal cords consist of?
2 fibrous bands that stretch across the interior of the larynx
What is the funciton of the larynx?
Air distribution
- passageway for air to move to and from lungs
How is voice produced?
Via muscles attached to the larynx cartilage that pull on the vocal cords
What happens when the vocal cords are tense?
They produce high-pitched sounds
What happens when the vocal cords are relaxed?
They produce a low-pitched sound
What is the trachea also known as?
The windpipe
How long is the trachea?
11 cm
- 4.5 inches
How long does the trachea go?
From the larynx to the primary bronchi
What is the trachea held open by?
By C-shaped rings of cartilage
What is the trachea lined with?
Mucous
- ciliated epithelium
