A&P - Chapter 27 (Part 1) Flashcards
What kind of tissue is blood?
A liquid connective tissue
What does blood provide? (2)
- A pick up and delivery system in the body
2. Heat regulation mechanism for the body
What 2 basic components make up the blood?
- Plasma
- liquid component - Formed elements
- cells
- suspended in plasma
What percentage of the average adults body weight is made up of blood?
8%
Blood plasma
Liquid portion of the blood
What percent does blood plasma make up in volume?
55%
What is blood also known as?
Blood minus its formed elements
- non living
What is the composition of the blood plasma? (6)
- Primarily water
- Nutrients
- O2
- Salts
- Hormones
- Waste products
What are considered the most abundant solutes in the blood?
Plasma proteins
What are 4 plasma proteins?
- Albumins
- Globulins
- Fibrinogen
- Prothrombin
What do albumins do? (2)
- Help thicken
2. Maintain blood volume
What do globulins include?
Antibodies
- help protect us against infections
What are fibrinogen critical for?
Blood clotting
What are prothrombin critical for?
Blood clotting
Blood serum
Blood plasma minus clotting factors
What does the blood serum still contain?
Antibodies
What is the average amount of blood in the human?
4-6 L
What is the normal pH of the blood?
7.35-7.45
What are the 3 main types of formed elements?
- Red blood cells
- erythrocytes - White blood cells
- leukocytes - Platelets
- thrombocytes
Hematocrit test
A centrifuge is used to separate whole blood into formed elements (packed cell volume or hematocrit) and a liquid fraction (plasma)
What is the buffy coat made from? (2)
- WBC
2. Platelet fraction
What percentage is normal RBC level?
45%
What can affect the results of a hematocrit test?
Hydration
- eg. dehydration
What happens when you are dehydrated for a hematocrit test?
The total blood volume decreases but the RBC number stays the same
What is the most numerous for formed elements in the blood?
RBC
What is the shape of the RBCs?
Tiny biconcave disks
What does the shape of the RBC do?
It increases surface area to maximize function
What do RBCs not contain? (2)
- Nuclei
2. Organelles
What is the primary component of blood?
Hemoglobin protein
What is the lifespan of a RBC?
4 months
