A&P - Chapter 27 (Part 1)

Question 1

What kind of tissue is blood?

Answer 1

A liquid connective tissue

Question 2

What does blood provide? (2)

Answer 2

1. A pick up and delivery system in the body

2. Heat regulation mechanism for the body

Question 3

What 2 basic components make up the blood?

Answer 3

1. Plasma
   - liquid component
2. Formed elements
   - cells
   - suspended in plasma

Question 4

What percentage of the average adults body weight is made up of blood?

Answer 4

8%

Question 5

Blood plasma

Answer 5

Liquid portion of the blood

Question 6

What percent does blood plasma make up in volume?

Answer 6

55%

Question 7

What is blood also known as?

Answer 7

Blood minus its formed elements

- non living

Question 8

What is the composition of the blood plasma? (6)

Answer 8

1. Primarily water
2. Nutrients
3. O2
4. Salts
5. Hormones
6. Waste products

Question 9

What are considered the most abundant solutes in the blood?

Answer 9

Plasma proteins

Question 10

What are 4 plasma proteins?

Answer 10

1. Albumins
2. Globulins
3. Fibrinogen
4. Prothrombin

Question 11

What do albumins do? (2)

Answer 11

1. Help thicken

2. Maintain blood volume

Question 12

What do globulins include?

Answer 12

Antibodies

- help protect us against infections

Question 13

What are fibrinogen critical for?

Answer 13

Blood clotting

Question 14

What are prothrombin critical for?

Answer 14

Blood clotting

Question 15

Blood serum

Answer 15

Blood plasma minus clotting factors

Question 16

What does the blood serum still contain?

Answer 16

Antibodies

Question 17

What is the average amount of blood in the human?

Answer 17

4-6 L

Question 18

What is the normal pH of the blood?

Answer 18

7.35-7.45

Question 19

What are the 3 main types of formed elements?

Answer 19

1. Red blood cells
   - erythrocytes
2. White blood cells
   - leukocytes
3. Platelets
   - thrombocytes

Question 20

Hematocrit test

Answer 20

A centrifuge is used to separate whole blood into formed elements (packed cell volume or hematocrit) and a liquid fraction (plasma)

Question 21

What is the buffy coat made from? (2)

Answer 21

1. WBC

2. Platelet fraction

Question 22

What percentage is normal RBC level?

Answer 22

45%

Question 23

What can affect the results of a hematocrit test?

Answer 23

Hydration

- eg. dehydration

Question 24

What happens when you are dehydrated for a hematocrit test?

Answer 24

The total blood volume decreases but the RBC number stays the same

Question 25

What is the most numerous for formed elements in the blood?

Answer 25

RBC

Question 26

What is the shape of the RBCs?

Answer 26

Tiny biconcave disks

Question 27

What does the shape of the RBC do?

Answer 27

It increases surface area to maximize function

Question 28

What do RBCs not contain? (2)

Answer 28

1. Nuclei

2. Organelles

Question 29

What is the primary component of blood?

Answer 29

Hemoglobin protein

Question 30

What is the lifespan of a RBC?

Answer 30

4 months