A&P - Chapter 22 (Part 1) Flashcards
What kind of movement is in the autonomic nervous system? (2)
- Involuntary
2. Visceral motor
Where does the autonomic nervous system conduct impulses?
From the CNS to the smooth, cardiac muscles and glands
What 2 parts make up the autonomic nervous system motor divisions?
- Sympathetic
2. Parasympathetic
Sympathetic nervous system
Flight or flight
Parasympathetic
Rest and digest
What areas are associated with the sympathetic nervous system? (2)
- Thoracic
2. Lumbar
What areas are associated with the parasympathetic? (2)
- Cranial
2. Sacral
What does the autonomic nervous system contain? (2)
- Afferent
- sensory - Efferent
- motor
What are the major functions of the autonomic nervous system? (4)
Regulates…
- Heartbeat
- Smooth muscle contractions
- Glandular secretions
- Metabolic functions
What does regulating metabolic functions allow?
Maintenance of homeostatic balance
- reacts to threats that could disrupt the balance
Do the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions have separate neural pathways?
Yes
What do many autonomic effectors have?
Dual innervated by both divisions of the ANS
What does dual innervation of both the divisions of the ANS allow?
Very precise control of the effectors
What is each efferent ANS pathway made up of? (3)
- Autonomic nerves
- Ganglia
- Plexuses
- all made up of efferent autonomic neurons
What does efferent autonomic regulation depend on?
Feedback from sensory receptors
What do 2 efferent neurons conduct?
Information/impulses from the CNS to the autonomic effectors
What are the 2 efferent neurons?
- Preganlionic neurons
2. Postganglionic neurons
What do preganglionoic neurons conduct?
Impulses from the CNS to an autonomic ganglia where it synapses with the postganglionic neurons
What do postganglionic neurons conduct?
Impulses to visceral effectors
What do sympathetic postganglionic neurons have? (2)
- Dendrites
- Cell bodies
- in the sympathetic ganglia
Where are most dendrites/cell bodies located in the sympathetic ganglia?
In front and on each side of the spinal column
- in the lateral gray horns of the upper lumbar segments of the spinal cord
Where does each sympathetic chain ganglia run from?
C2 to the coccyx
How many chains are normally on each side of the vertebral column
22
What can the preganglionic neurons do once inside the sympathetic chain ganglion? (3)
- Synapse with the sympathetic postganglionic neurons
- Send ascending/descending branches through the sympathetic trunk to synapse with the postganglionic neurons in other chain ganglia
- Pass through one or more chain ganglia without synapsing
