A&P - Chapter 3 (Part 1) Flashcards
What 2 things can a substance be?
- Element
2. Compound
Element
A pure substance made up of only one kind of substance
Compound
A substance made up of more than one kind of element
What is an example of an element?
Oxygen
- O2
What is an example of a compound? (2)
Carbon dioxide
- CO2
2. Sodium chloride - NaCL
How many elements are there in the human body?
26
How many major elements are in the human body?
11
What are the most common major elements in the human body? (4)
- Oxygen
- Carbon
- Hydrogen
- Nitrogen
How many trace elements are in the human body?
15
What percent do trace elements make up in the human body?
Less than 0.1% of body weight
If a word ends in -ia, what are you referring to?
Referring to the blood
If a word ends in -ury, what are you referring to?
Referring to urine
Atom
Smallest part of a chemical element that retains the properties of that element
What do combined atoms form?
Molecules
What are the 3 subatomic particles?
- Protons
- Neutrons
- Electrons
What are the components of an atom? (2)
- Nucleus
2. Energy levels (orbitals)
Nucleus
Central core of an atom
Energy levels
Regions surrounding the atoms nucleus
What do energy levels contain?
Electrons
What subatomic particles are associated with the nucleus? (2)
- Protons
2. Neutrons
Atomic number
Total number of protons in the nucleus that help to identify the element
Atomic mass
The number of protons + neutrons of the element
How many electrons are held in the first orbital closest to the nucleus?
Can hold up to 2 electrons
How many electrons can be held in other orbitals (besides the first one)
Can hold up to 8
What happens to the energy as you go farther away from the nucleus?
Energy increases
- need energy to jump higher
What happens to the energy as you get closer to the nucleus?
Energy decreases
- you are not jumping as high, so you dont need as much energy
