A&P - Chapter 10 (Part 3)

Question 1

What are 7 functions of the skin?

Answer 1

1. Protection*
2. Sensation*
3. Flexibility
4. Excretion
5. Hormone production
   - vitamin D
6. Immunity
7. Temperature regulation*

Question 2

What kind of protection does the skin give? (3)

Answer 2

1. A physical barrier to microorganisms
2. Barrier to chemical hazards
3. Protection agains excess UV exposure

Question 3

What does the skin prevent?

Answer 3

Dehydration

Question 4

What are 2 important contributors to the skin for protection?

Answer 4

1. Keratin
   - horny layer
2. Melanin
   - pigmentation

Question 5

What does keratin help defend? (4)

Answer 5

1. Infection by microbes
2. Harmful chemicals
3. Cuts and tears
4. Excessive fluid loss

Question 6

What does melanin help defend?

Answer 6

UV rays from the sun

Question 7

What does skin act as?

Answer 7

A sophisticated sense organ

Question 8

What do somatic sensory receptors detect? (4)

Answer 8

Stimuli that permit us to detect…

1. Pressure
2. Touch
3. Temperature
4. Pain

Question 9

Where is sensation mainly located?

Answer 9

In the dermis part

Question 10

What do senses not adapt to?

Answer 10

Pain

- adapts to everything else

Question 11

What do receptors serve as?

Answer 11

Receivers for the body

- keeping it informed of changes in the environment

Question 12

What do meissner’s corpuscles detect?

Answer 12

Light touch

Question 13

What do pacinian corpuscles detect?

Answer 13

Pressure

Question 14

How much heat is lost through the skin?

Answer 14

80%

Question 15

Evaporation

Answer 15

The skins mechanisms of temperature regulation

- has a cooling effect

Question 16

Regulation of sweat secretion

Answer 16

Heat loss through evaporation

Question 17

Regulation of flow of blood close to the body surface

Answer 17

Heat loss through radiation

Question 18

What are 4 accessory organs/structures of the skin?

Answer 18

1. Hair
2. Nails
3. Skin glands
4. Receptors

Question 19

What does hair growth require?

Answer 19

Hair follicle

Question 20

Where does growth of hair begin?

Answer 20

Hair papilla

Question 21

Hair papilla

Answer 21

Small shaped clusters of cells at the base of the follicle

Question 22

Hair root

Answer 22

Lies hidden in the follicle

Question 23

What is the visible part of the hair called?

Answer 23

The shaft

Question 24

What 3 structures are considered hairless?

Answer 24

1. Lips
2. Palms
3. Soles

Question 25

What is attached to the base of the hair follicle?

Answer 25

Arrector pili

Question 26

What do contractions of the arrector pili cause?

Answer 26

Goose bumps

- hair standing on end

Question 27

What are nails produced by?

Answer 27

Epidermal cells over ends of fingers and toes

Question 28

What makes nails hard?

Answer 28

Keratin

Question 29

What is the visible part of the nail called?

Answer 29

Nail body

Question 30

Where does the root lay?

Answer 30

In a groove and it hidden by the cuticle

Question 31

Lunula

Answer 31

Crescent shaped area nearest the root