A&P - Chapter 16

Question 1

What muscles act on the shoulder girdle to move the arm? (9)

Answer 1

1. Trapezius
2. Pectoralis minor
3. Pectoralis major
4. Latissimus dorsi
5. Deltoid
6. Biceps brachii
7. Brachialis
8. Brachioradialis
9. Triceps brachii

Question 2

What are 3 muscles that move the thigh and leg?

Answer 2

1. Illiopsoas (major and minor)
2. Gluteus maximus
3. Adductor group

Question 3

What are 2 muscles that move the lower leg?

Answer 3

1. Quadriceps

2. Hamstrings

Question 4

What is a muscle that moves the foot?

Answer 4

Gastrocnemius

Question 5

What are 3 primary functions of skeletal muscles?

Answer 5

1. Movement
2. Posture/muscle tone
3. Heat production

Question 6

Good posture

Answer 6

Keeping the body’s centre of gravity over its base and requires the least muscular work to maintain

Question 7

What 2 things does good posture do?

Answer 7

1. Reduces strain on muscles, tendons, ligaments, and bones

2. Keeps our head from flopping forward

Question 8

What can poor posture cause?

Answer 8

Fatigue

Question 9

What can poor posture lead to?

Answer 9

Deformity

Question 10

How is posture maintained?

Answer 10

Muscles exert a continual pull on bones in the opposite direction from gravity

Question 11

How is the nervous system responsible for maintaining posture? (2)

Answer 11

1. It is responsible for the existence of muscle tone

2. Pull of exerted by individual muscles

Question 12

What systems of the body all contribute to maintain posture? (4)

Answer 12

1. Respiratory
2. Digestive
3. Excretory
4. Endocrine