A&P - Chapter 27 (Part 3)

Question 1

Polycythemia

Answer 1

Bone marrow produces too many RBCs leading to an abnormally high RBC count

Question 2

What is dangerous about polycythemia?

Answer 2

Blood may become too thick and not flow properly

Question 3

What can polycythemia result in? (2)

Answer 3

1. Stroke

2. Heart attack

Question 4

What is the opposite of polycythemia?

Answer 4

Anemia

Question 5

Erythropoeisis

Answer 5

Formation of RBCs

Question 6

How long does it take for the maturation process of hemocytoblast to matured RBC?

Answer 6

4 days

Question 7

Where does the formation of RBCs begin?

Answer 7

In the red bone marrow

Question 8

Why do RBCs have to be continually replaced?

Answer 8

Because they are continually destroyed

Question 9

How many RBCs are created/destroyed everyday?

Answer 9

200 billion

Question 10

What is the average lifespan of a circulating RBC?

Answer 10

105-120 days

Question 11

How do we get rid of RBCs?

Answer 11

Through macrophages in the liver and spleen

Question 12

What do macrophages try and do?

Answer 12

Recycle old, abnormal and broken down RBCs

Question 13

What is released when Hb is broken down? (3)

Answer 13

1. Amino acids
2. Iron
3. Bilirubin

Question 14

What are the 2 main types of systems by which human blood can be classified?

Answer 14

1. ABO systems

2. Rh systems

Question 15

ABO system

Answer 15

Blood types are identified by self-antigens in the plasma membranes of RBCs

Question 16

What are we born with?

Answer 16

Self antigens

Question 17

Antigen

Answer 17

Substance that can activate various responses from the immune system
- including the production of antibodies

Question 18

Non-self antigens

Answer 18

Foreign proteins that stimulate an immune system responses

Question 19

Antibody

Answer 19

Substance made by the body in response to stimulation by an antigen

Question 20

What will an antibody do?

Answer 20

Destroy or neutralize the antigen

Question 21

Agglutination

Answer 21

Antibodies reacting with their antigens by making them clump or stick together

Question 22

How many blood types are there?

Answer 22

4

Question 23

What are the 4 blood types?

Answer 23

1. A
2. B
3. AB
4. O

Question 24

What does the letter stand for in the type of blood?

Answer 24

The type of self antigen in the plasma membrane of the individual’s RBCs

Question 25

In type A blood, what kind of antigens do you have?

Answer 25

A

Question 26

In type A blood, what kind of antibodies do you have?

Answer 26

B

Question 27

In type B blood, what kind of antigens do you have?

Answer 27

B

Question 28

In type B blood, what kind of antibodies do you have?

Answer 28

A

Question 29

In type AB blood, what kind of antigens do you have?

Answer 29

A and B

Question 30

In type AB blood, what kind of antibodies do you have?

Answer 30

Neither A nor B antibodies

Question 31

In type O blood, what kind of antigens do you have?

Answer 31

Neither A nor B antigens

Question 32

In type O blood, what kind of antibodies do you have?

Answer 32

A and B antibodies