A&P - Chapter 24 (Part 1)

Question 1

Sense of smell

Answer 1

Olfaction

Question 2

What is the receptor involved with olfaction?

Answer 2

Chemoreceptors

Question 3

What is the name of the chemoreceptors involved in olfaction?

Answer 3

Olfactory receptors

Question 4

Where are the olfactory receptors for the olfactory nerves located?

Answer 4

In a small area of epithelial tissue in the upper part of the nasal cavity

Question 5

Where are special cilia located for the olfactory?

Answer 5

On olfactory sensory neurons that touch the olfactory epithelium are able to sense different chemicals

Question 6

How do chemoreceptors for the olfactory system work? (2)

Answer 6

1. A chemical message generates a nerve impulse that travels through the olfactory nerves
2. The nerve impulse enters the thalamus for relay to the olfactory centres in the cortex for interpretation

Question 7

What is a characteristic of olfactory receptors?

Answer 7

They are extremely sensitive

- easily fatigue (adapt)

Question 8

What are chemoreceptors for taste called?

Answer 8

Gustatory cells

Question 9

Where are gustatory cells located?

Answer 9

In the taste buds

Question 10

What are gustatory cells stimulated by?

Answer 10

Chemicals dissolved in the saliva

Question 11

What do taste buds respond to?

Answer 11

The five primary sensations

Question 12

What are the 5 primary sensations?

Answer 12

1. Sour
2. Sweet
3. Bitter
4. Salty
5. Umami

Question 13

What differs in each of the primary taste sensations? (2)

Answer 13

1. Adaptations

2. Sensitivity threshold

Question 14

What interferes with the stimulation of olfactory receptors?

Answer 14

Nasal congestion

Question 15

What does nasal congestion result in?

Answer 15

Dull taste sensations

Question 16

What senses work together for taste? (2)

Answer 16

1. Gustatory senses
   - taste
2. Olfactory senses
   - smell

Question 17

What 2 cranial nerves carry gustatory impulses?

Answer 17

1. 7
   - facial
2. 9
   - glossopharygeal

Question 18

Where do cranial nerves 7 and 9 carry gustatory impulses to? (3)

Answer 18

1. The medulla oblongata
2. Thalamus
3. Gustatory area of the cerebral cortex
   - in the parietal lobe of the brain

Question 19

What are the functions of the ear? (2)

Answer 19

1. Hearing

2. Equilibrium/balance

Question 20

What receptors are involved with the ear?

Answer 20

Mechanoreceptors

Question 21

How many divisions are there for the ear?

Answer 21

3

Question 22

What are the 3 divisions of the ear?

Answer 22

1. External ear
2. Middle ear
3. Inner ear

Question 23

How many divisions does the external ear have?

Answer 23

2

Question 24

What are the 2 divisions of the external ear?

Answer 24

1. Auricle or pinna

2. External meatus

Question 25

Auricle or pinna

Answer 25

The visible portion of the ear

Question 26

External acoustic meatus (canal)

Answer 26

Tube leading from the auricle into the temporal bone and ending at the tympanic membrane (ear drum)

Question 27

What does the external acoustic meatus contain?

Answer 27

The ceruminous glands