A&P - Chapter 27 (Part 6) Flashcards
What is the largest WBC?
Monocytes
What are 2 characteristics of monocytes?
- Mobile
- Highly phagocytic
- aggressive (engulf larger pathogens and cancerous cells)
Macrophages
Are specialized monocytes that grow to several times their original size after they migrate out of the blood
- large eaters
What kind of tissues are RBCs and WBCs produced by? (2)
- Myeloid tissue
- red bone marrow - Lymphatic tissue
Hematopoeisis
RBC and WBC formation
What are hematopoietic stem cells?
Precursors of RBCs, WBCs and platelets
Where is myeloid tissue mainly found? (3)
In adults…
- Sternum
- Ribs
- Hip bones
What do myeloid tissues form?
All types of blood cells
- although most lymphocytes and monocytes develop in lymphatic tissue
Where are lymphatic tissue found? (3)
- Lymph nodes
- Thymus
- Spleen
What do lymphatic tissues form? (2)
- Lymphocytes
2. Monocytes
Thrombocytes
Blood clotting cells
- Platelets
What is the shape of platelets?
Small, irregular spindles or oval disks
What are 3 important properties of platelets?
- Agglutination
- Adhesiveness
- Aggregration
What essential role do platelets play?
Blood clotting roles
How do platelets work? (6)
- Injury to a blood vessel
- rough/damaged lining - Clotting factors are released at the injury site produce prothrombin activator
- Platelets become sticky and accumulate at the injury site
- soft temporary platelet plug - Prothrombin activator and calcium convert prothrombin into thrombin
- Thrombin reacts with fibrinogen and changing it to fibrin
- Fibrin then traps RBCs to form a clot
Prothrombin
A protein normally present in the blood
Thrombin
A protein important to blood clotting
Fibrinogen
A soluble blood protein
What does fibrin look like?
Tangle of threads
What does fibrin do?
Traps RBC to form a clot
What is an example of coagulation?
Vitamin K
What does vitamin K do?
Stimulates liver cells to increase synthesis of prothrombin
What does it mean if you have a faster production of thrombin?
Faster formation of clots
What can clots do?
Shut off blood supply to vital organs
What can clots lead to? (2)
- Strokes
2. Heart attack
Thrombus
A stationary blood clot
- stays where it is formed
Thrombosis
Condition of having a thrombus
Embolus
Term used for a part of a thrombus which dislodges and circulates through the bloodstream
- may block a blood vessel
Embolism
Condition of having an embolus
What is hemophilia characterized by?
An inability to form blood clots
What is hemophilia related to?
X-linked inherited disorders
- x recessive
Who do x-linked traits effect?
Males
Hemophilia
Failure to produce one or more of the plasma proteins involved in blood clotting
What happens if hemophilia is left untreated?
It can be life threatening
