A&P - Chapter 32-33 (Part 1) Flashcards
What system works hand in hand with the immune system?
Lymphatic system
What does the immune system do?
Protects the body from pathogens
What is the immune system made up of? (3)
- The lymphatic system
- Specialized cells
- Free floating molecules
What does the immune system continuously monitor?
The body for invaders
- is ready to spring into action when necessary
Antigens
Are unique identifying molecules recognized by the immune system
How many main types of antigens are there?
2
What are the 2 main types of antigens?
- Self antigen
2. Non self antigen
Self antigens
On the surface of cells that are unique to an individual
What is an example of self antigens?
Individual red blood cells
Non self antigen
On the surface of foreign cells
What are 2 examples of non self antigens?
- Pathogens
2. Organ transplants
What do self antigens have?
Self tolerance
Self tolerance
The immune system attacks abnormal or foreign cells but leaves the body’s own cells alone
What do non self antigens have?
Immunocompetence
Immunocompetence
The ability of the immune system to activate an effective response to a non-self antigen
What are the 2 categories of immunity?
- Innate immunity
2. Adaptive immunity
What is another name for the innate immunity?
Non specific
What is another name for the adaptive immunity?
Specific
Innate immunity
Is the initial and quick response as a general defence against non-self antigens that
- always present and in place
Adaptive immunity
Is the slower and more developed/specific response that develops through exposure to non-self antigens
- unique to particular antigens
What is an example of innate immunity? (2)
- Epithelial barrier cells
2. Phagocytic cells
What do non-specific and specific immunity do?
They are complementary strategies that work together to defend the body against invaders of all types
What are 2 examples of epithelial barrier cells?
- Skin
2. Mucosa
What are 4 examples of phagocytic cells?
- Neutrophils
- Monocytes
- Macrophages
- Natural killer cells
What is the most numerous type of phagocytic cells?
Neutrophils
- pus
What do monocytes become?
Large phagocytes
- macrophages
What are 2 types of macrophages?
- Kupffer’s cells
- liver - Dust cells
- lung
Natural killer cells
Perform apoptosis
What is an example of specific immunity?
Lymphocytes
What are 2 examples of lymphocytes?
- B cells
2. T cells
