A&P - Chapter 13 (Part 2) Flashcards
What bones makes up the lower extremities? (8)
- Pelvic girdle
- hip - Femur
- thigh - Patella
- knee - Tibia
- shin - Fibula
- Tarsals
- Metatarsals
- Phalanges
What make up the pelvic girdle? (2)
- Pelvic bones
2. Sacrum
What 3 bones make up the pelvis/coxal?
- Ilium
- Ischium
- Pubis
What does the pelvic girdle do? (2)
- Strong base to support torso
2. Connects lower extremities to axial skeleton
What is the longest bone in the body?
The femur
What does the femur connect?
The hip to the knee
Where does the head of the femur join the hip?
At the acetabulum
What does the distal end of the femur join with? (2)
- Tibia
- Fibula
- at the knee
What is the shin bone?
Tibia
What bone is very delecate and doesnt bear weight?
Fibula
Where is the tibia located?
More medial
Where is the fibula located?
More lateral
What is the knee cap known as?
The patella
What do the tarsals make up? (3)
- Heel
- Back of foot
- Ankel
How many tarsal bones are there?
7
What is the largest tarsal bone?
The calcaneous
- heel bone
How many metatarsals are there?
5
How many phalanges are on the feet?
14
What do the phalanges of the foot provide?
Strong and springy base for the body
- compact
Where is the most common place for a breakage in the body?
The head of the femur
What is the difference between men and women’s skeleton? (2)
- Males skeleton is larger
2. Pelvic structure
What are female pelvis’s designed for?
To carry and deliver babies
What is the shape of a males pelvis?
Deep and narrow
What is the shape of a females pelvis?
Broad and shallow
Size of pelvic inlet/outlet on females
Generally wider in females
- normally large enough for a baby’s head to pass through
Pubic angle
Angle between the pubic bones
Who has a wider pubic angle?
Females
When do changes in the skeleton begin?
At fertilization
- continue over a lifetime
What do incomplete ossified skeleton in children provide?
The resiliency needed to withstand stress without breaking easily
What do dense bone structure in young and middle adulthood permit?
Bearing heavy loads
What happens in later adulthood with regards to bone density?
It gets reduced and makes fractures more likely
What causes changes in posture and overall height?
Reduction of bone density
