A&P - Chapter 20 (Part 4) Flashcards
What does gray matter function as?
Autonomic reflex centres
What are 3 examples of autonomic reflex centres?
- Heartbeat
- Respiration
- Blood vessel diameter
What is automic relfex centres also known as? (2)
- Vital centres
2. Medulla oblongata
Where do sensory tracts conduct impulses?
To higher parts of the brain
Where do motor tracts conduct impulses?
From higher parts of the brain and spinal cord
What is the 2nd largest part of the brain?
Cerebellum
What does the cerebellum have more than any other part of the nervous system?
Neurons
Where is the cerebellum connected to?
The brainstem
What is the cortex of the cerebellum made up of?
Gray matter
What is the interior of the cerebellum made up of?
Mostly white matter
What does the cerebellum do?
Helps control muscle contractions to produce coordinated movements
Why do we coordinated movements?
So that we can…
- Maintain balance
- Move smoothly
- Sustain normal posture
Where is the diencephalon located?
Between the cerebrum and the midbrain
What are 5 parts of the diencephalon?
- Hypothalamus
- Thalamus
- Optic chiasma
- Pineal gland
- endocrine - Others
Where is the hypothalamus? (2)
- Below the thalamus
2. Posterior to the pituitary gland
What is one of the smallest parts in the diencephalon?
The hypothalamus
- pituitary stalk
What is one of the main things controlled by the hypothalamus?
Body temperature
- regulating
What shape is the thalamus?
Dumbbell shaped
What does the thalamus have in each cerebral hemisphere?
Mass of gray matter
What does the thalamus mostly consist of? (2)
- Dendrites
2. Cell bodies of neurons
Where do the axons of cell bodies of neurons extend?
Upwards into sensory areas of the cerebrum
What is the thalamus mostly composed of?
- Dendrites
2. Cell bodies
Where do the axons of the cell bodies of the thalamus extend?
Upwards towards the sensory areas of the cerebrum
What does the thalamus receive?
All sensory information
What is the one sensory information that that thalamus doesnt receive?
Smell
What does the thalamus do after if receives its sensory information?
It then directs impulses from sensory organs to sensory areas in the brain for conscious interpretation
What do we associate sensation with in the thalamus?
Emotions/feelings
- pleasant/unpleasant
What role does the thalamus play in the body?
In its arousal/alertness mechanisms
- alters us to danger by prioritizing threatening impulses
What is the hypothalamus know as?
The heart of subconsciousness
What does the hypothalamus link?
The body and the mind
What is the hypothalamus a major centre for?
Controlling the ANS
ANS
Autonomic nervous system
What does the ANS control?
Involuntary actions
What does the hypothalamus connect?
The nerves and endocrine system
What is the master translator also known as?
The hypothalamus
Infundibulum
Salt leading to the posterior pituitary gland
