A&P - Chapter 14 (Part 2) Flashcards
What are 7 joint structures?
- Joint capsule
- Synovial membrane
- Articular cartilage
- Joint cavity
- Menisci
- Ligaments
- Bursae
Joint capsule
Sleeve-like casing around ends of the 2 joining bones
What are joint capsules made of?
Tough, strong fibrous connective tissue
What are joint capsules lined with?
Synovial membranes
Where are joint capsules attached?
Firmly attached to the shaft of each bone at the periosteum
- extension of the periosteum
What does the joint capsule provide?
Very secure attachment while allowing movement at the joint
Synovial membrane
Lining of the joint capsule
What does the synovial membrane secrete?
Synovial fluid
What does synovial fluid do? (2)
- Lubricates the joint
2. Nourishes the joint
What do synovial membranes facilitate?
Movement
Articular cartilage
Thin layer of hyaline cartilage
What is the physical characteristic of articular cartilage? (2)
- Rubbery
2. Smooth
Where is articular cartilage located?
Covers the ends of the bones at joints
What does articular cartilage do? (2)
- Decreases friction
2. Absorbes jolts
Joint cavity
Small space between articulating surfaces of the 2 bones of the joint
What is another word for menisci?
Articular disk
Menisci
Pads of fibrocartilage between articulating bones of some diarthrotic joints
What does the menisci normally do?
Divides joint cavity into 2 separate spaces
Where is the menisci most common?
In the knee
What kind of cartilage do you find in the knee?
Compact cartilage
What does the menisci allow?
More flexibility between 2 bones
What are ligaments made of?
Bands made of tough, fibrous connective tissues
Where do ligaments originate from?
The periosteum
What do ligaments do?
Attach bones together
Bursae
Synovial fluid-filled sacs that cushion some ‘boney’ joints to cushion joint and facilitate tendon movement
