A&P - Chapter 26 (Part 3) Flashcards
What does the posterior pituitary gland serve as? (2)
- Storage site for hormones
2. Releasing site for hormones
What 2 hormones are created and stored in the posterior pituitary gland?
- Antidiuretic hormone
- ADH - Oxytocin
- OT
What do neuron cell bodies in the hypothalamus produce? (2)
- ADH
2. OT
How do ADH and OT travel to the posterior pituitary gland?
Along the axons of the neurons that run from the hypothalamus to the posterior pituitary gland
What is the release of ADH and OT controlled by?
Nervous stimulation
What is another word for antidiuretic hormone?
Vasopressin
What does ADH primary target?
Kidneys
What does ADH do?
It accelerates water absorption from urine in the kidney tubules into the blood
- this decreases urine
- water retention
What triggers ADH?
Dehydration
What does ADH stimulate?
Constriction of small arteries
What does ADH increase?
BP
What does oxytocin simulate?
The pregnant uterus to contract
- initiating labour
What does OT cause?
Glandular cells of the breast to release milk into ducts with the help of PRL
What kind of pheromone role do OT have? (2)
- Cuddle hormone
2. Social/trust hormone
Where is the pineal gland?
It is a small pine nut shaped gland located in the diencephalon
Why does glandular tissue predominate in children and young adults?
Because it becomes fibrous and calcified with age
What is the pineal gland also known as?
The third eye
Why is the pineal gland known as the third eye?
Because of its influence on secretory activity
- related to the amount of light entering the eyes
What 2 systems is the pineal gland apart of?
- Nervous system
- receives nerve stimulus - Endocrine system
- secretes hormones
What is the main hormone secreted by the pineal gland?
Melatonin
What does melatonin do?
Regulates the body’s internal biological clock
When do melatonin levels decrease?
In the light
When do melatonin levels increase?
In the dark
What can melatonin affect?
Your mood
What is the precursor to melatonin?
Serotonin
- happy hormone
What are 2 names for T4?
- Thyroxine
2. Tetraiodothyonine
What is another name for T3?
Triiodothyronine
What does T4 and T3 simulate?
Cellular metabolism
What role does calcitonin play?
Role in blood calcium concentration
