A&P - Chapter 1 (Part 3) Flashcards
What are the cavities located in the thoracic cavity? (2)
- Mediastinum
2. Pleural cavities
Where would you find the mediastinum?
Mid portion of the thoracic cavity
What does the mediastinum house? (9)
- Heart
- Trachea
- Bronchi
- Esophagus
- Thymus
- Blood vessels
- Lymph vessels
- Lymph nodes
- Nerves
Where would you find the pleural cavities?
On both sides of the mediastinum
What does the pleural cavity house?
Lungs
- right lung in right pleural cavity
- left lung in left pleural cavity
What are the cavities located in the abdominopelvic cavity? (2)
- Abdominal cavity
2. Pelvic cavity
What does the abdominal cavity house? (8)
- Stomach
- Intestines
- Liver
- Gallbladder
- Pancreas
- Spleen
- Kidneys
- Ureters
What does the pelvic cavity house? (3)
- Reproductive organs
- Urinary bladder
- Lowest part of the intestines
What 2 cavities make up the dorsal cavity?
- Cranial cavity
2. Spinal cavity
What does the cranial cavity house?
The brain
What does the spinal cavity house?
The spinal cord
What is in the ventral cavity?
Everything beside the brain and spinal cord
What are 2 divisions of the body?
- Axial
2. Appendicular
What does the axial region include? (3)
- Head
- Neck
- Torso/trunk
What does the appendicular region include?
Appendages
- upper and lower extremities
What are the 9 regions of the abdominopelvic cavity?
- Right hypochondriac
- Left hypochondriac
- Epi/hyper gastric region
- Right lumbar region
- Left lumbar region
- Umbilical region
- Right iliac (inguinal) region
- Left iliac (inguinal) region
- Hypogastric region
What does condria mean?
Cartilage
What does hypo mean?
Low
What does hyper mean?
High
What does gastric refer to?
The stomach
What are the 4 divisions of the abdominopelvic cavity?
- Right upper quadrant (superior)
- Right lower quadrant (inferior)
- Left upper quadrant (superior)
- Left lower quadrant (inferior)
What does superior refer to? (3)
- Toward the head
- Upper
- Above
What does inferior refer to? (3)
- Toward the feet
- Lower
- Below
What does anterior refer to?
In front of
What does posterior refer to?
In back of
What does medial refer to?
Toward the midline of a structure
What does lateral refer to? (2)
- Away from the midline
2. Toward the side of the body
What does proximal refer to? (2)
- Toward or nearest the trunk
2. Nearest the point of origin of a structure
What does distal refer to? (2)
- Away from the trunk
2. Farthest from a structures point of origin
What does superficial refer to?
Nearer the body surface
What does deep refer to? (2)
- Farther away from the body’s surface
2. Going towards the inside of the body
What is very important when you are giving anatomical directions?
To have a frame of reference
What are 7 terms related to organs?
- Lumen
- Central
- Peripheral
- Medullary
- Cortical
- Apical
- Basal
Lumen
Hollow area of an organ
Central
Near the centre
Peripheral
Near the outer boundaries
- periphery
Medullary
Inner region
- core
Cortical
Outer region
Apical
Narrow tip
What is an example of an apex?
Bottom tip of the heart
Basal
Base or widest part
When we use central/peripheral, what system are we referring to?
The nervous system
