A&P - Chapter 5 (Part 3) Flashcards
What does the cytoplasm do? (2)
- The cells supporting framework
2. Allows movement of the cell
What are 2 extensions of the cytoplasm?
- Cilia
2. Flagellum
Cilia
Fine hair like extensions that allow movement of substances
- eg) mucus
How does cilia move?
In a wave like fashion
Where do you find cilia? (3)
- Lungs
- Nose
- Trachea
What can paralyze cilia? (2)
- Smoking
- Genetics
- cystic fibrosis
Flagellum
Single projection extending from cell surfaces
What is bigger, cilia or flagellum?
Flagellum
What movement do flagellum make?
Propulsive movements
What is an example of flagellum?
Sperm
What do microvilli cover? Why is it important?
- Epithelial cells
2. Absorption is important there
What is an example of a good place to have microvilli?
Small intestines
What do microvilli do? (3)
- They increase surface area to get better absorption
- Provide structure
- Aid in movement
What happens if you no longer have microvilli?
You get diarrhea
How can you potentially lose microvilli?
Food poisoning
What does the nucleus do? (3)
- It controls the cell
- Control every organelle in the cytoplasm
- Controls cell reproduction
What does the nucleus contain?
The genetic code
- DNA
What does the DNA from the nucleus determine? (2)
- Structure
2. Function
What are the 3 components of the nucleus?
- Nuclear membrane
- Nucleolus
- Chromatin granules
How many layers are in the nucleus?
2
Chromatin granules
Loosely packed DNA
What do cell connections do?
Hold the cell together
What do some cell connections do?
Facilitate communication
What are 3 types of direct cell connections?
- Desmosomes
- Gap junctions
- Tight junctions
Desmosomes
Form links between 2 cells
Gap junctions
Use channels to pass things through
Tight junctions
Makes 2 cells very close to each other
- water tight seal
- nothing passes them
What are tight junctions good for? (2)
- Skin
2. Kidneys
