A&P - Chapter 6 (Part 1)

Question 1

What are cells that specialize are called?

Answer 1

Stem cells

Question 2

What does every cell do?

Answer 2

Performs a function that contributes to our life and survival

Question 3

What makes up the survival of species?

Answer 3

Reproduction of individual cells

Question 4

Why does the heart muscles contain lots of mitochondria?

Answer 4

In order to supply the great amount of energy the heart requires

Question 5

Why do sperm cells have a flagellum?

Answer 5

For mobility, in order to increase the chances of fertilization of eggs

Question 6

What is an important role of the plasma membrane?

Answer 6

Control movement or transportation of substances in and out of the cells

Question 7

What are 5 examples of things that can get moved over the plasma membrane?

Answer 7

1. Water
2. Oxygen
3. Nutrients
4. Gases
5. Waste

Question 8

What are the 2 methods of transportation?

Answer 8

1. Passive

2. Active

Question 9

Passive transport process

Answer 9

Does not require energy expenditure of the cell membrane

Question 10

What is the movement of passive transport?

Answer 10

Down the concentration gradient

Question 11

What are 5 types of passive transport?

Answer 11

1. Simple diffusion
2. Osmosis
3. Dialysis
4. Facilitated diffusion
5. Filtration

Question 12

What are the 2 types of facilitated diffusion?

Answer 12

1. Channel mediated passive transport

2. Carrier mediated passive transport

Question 13

Simple diffusion

Answer 13

Molecules that move and spread out evenly throughout an available space
- can pass through membranes

Question 14

What direction does simple diffusion go?

Answer 14

Area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

- down concentration gradient

Question 15

Solute

Answer 15

A dissolved substance

Question 16

Where does simple diffusion occur?

Answer 16

Through a permeable phospholipid lilayer

Question 17

Permeant

Answer 17

Molecules that are able to diffuse through the membrane

Question 18

Impermeant

Answer 18

Molecules that are unable to diffuse through the membrane

Question 19

What can pass the membrane with simple diffusion?

Answer 19

Small things

Question 20

Osmosis

Answer 20

Diffusion whereby water passes through a selectively permeable membrane while one or more other solutes cannot

Question 21

Is water permeant?

Answer 21

Yes

Question 22

What happens when you add water in closed spaces (such as a cell)?

Answer 22

Increase the pressure

Question 23

Osmotic pressure

Answer 23

Water pressure that develops in a solution as a result of osmosis

Question 24

Where does osmotic pressure develop?

Answer 24

In the solution that originally had the highest concentration of impermeant solute

Question 25

What kind of foods should you eat if you have high blood pressure?

Answer 25

Salty ones

Question 26

Why should you give someone salty food if that faint?

Answer 26

Because salt attracts water faster than sugar (because it is a carbohydrate) and will lead to faster absorption

Question 27

What are 3 types of osmosis?

Answer 27

1. Isotonic
2. Hypotonic
3. Hypertonic

Question 28

Isotonic

Answer 28

Water concentration is the same inside and outside the cell

Question 29

What is the net movement of isotonic solutions?

Answer 29

There is no net movement

Question 30

Hypotonic

Answer 30

Higher concentration of water outside the cell

Question 31

Where does water move in a hypotonic solution?

Answer 31

Water moves into the cell

• hemolysis (cytolysis)
• making the cell bigger (burst)

Question 32

Hypertonic solution

Answer 32

Lower concentration of water outside the cell

Question 33

Where does water move in a hypertonic solution?

Answer 33

Water moves out of the cell

• crenation (abnormal notches)
• makes the cell smaller (shrinks)

Question 34

What is an example of hypertonic?

Answer 34

Sweating