A&P - Chapter 10 (Part 2) Flashcards
What are 3 differences of the dermis compared to the epidermis?
The dermis is…
- Deeper
- Thicker
- Cells are scattered farther apart
What is the dermis largely composed of?
Connective tissue
What does the connective tissue give the dermis?
Its strength
What goes in between the scattered cells of the dermis?
Fibres
- collagen and elastic
What does the dermis contain? (6)
- Nerve endings
- Muscle fibres
- Hair follicles
- Sweat glands
- Subaceous glands
- Rich vascular supply
What critical role does the dermis play?
Temperature regulation
What are the 2 distinct layers of the dermis?
- Papillary layer
- superficial - Reticular layer
- deeper
What is the orientation of the papillary layer?
Parallel rows of dermal papillae
- finger like (more surface to connect)
What does the papillary layer help do?
Helps bind dermis to epidermis
What is papillary layer the basis of?
Fingerprinting
What does the papillary layer allows us to do?
Improve our grip
What is the orientation of the reticular layer?
Network of collagenous and stretchable fibres
What happens to elastic fibres as we increase in age?
We get more wrinkles
What is the reticular layer responsible for?
Keeping your skin looking young
Does the dermis shed?
No
What happens in the dermis during healing?
Fibroblasts begin forming an usually dense mass of new connective tissues
- if not replaced by normal tissue it will scar
Cleavage lines
Are patterns formed by the collagenous fibres of the reticular layer of the dermis
What do cleavage lines play a role in? (2)
- Incision healing
2. Stretch marks
What are 2 other names for the hypodermis?
- Subcutaneous layer
2. Superficial fascia
Where is the hypodermis located?
Under the dermis
What is the hypodermis made up of?
Loose connective tissue
What does the hypodermis form?
A connection between the skin and other structures
What is the hypodermis primarily made up of?
Fat
What are 3 things the fat from the hypodermis do?
- Insulation from extreme heat
- Alternative source of energy
- Protective cushion
What does skin pigment do?
Gives the skin its colour
Where is skin pigment produced?
In the stratum basale/germinativum
What cell produces the skin pigment?
Melanocytes
What is pigment called?
Melanin
What is the primary function of melanin?
Is to absorb harmful UV radiation from sunlight to prevent sunburn
Albinism
No melanin
- white
What are albinism at high risk for?
Skin cancer
- because there is no protection against the sun
