A&P - Chapter 20 (Part 5) Flashcards
What does the hypothalamus control?
Secretions via the anterior and posterior pituitary gland
What does the hypothalamus indirectly help with?
Helps control secretions of most other endocrine glands
Where does the posterior pituitary gland secrete?
Into the blood
What do some neurons of the hypothalamus make?
Hormones
What do some axons act as in the hypothalamus?
Ductless glands as they secrete their own releasing factors that affects the anterior pituitary gland
What are some things the hypothalamus controls? (8)
- Appetite control
- Body temperature
- Water balance
- Wakefulness
- Pleasure
- Anger
- Sexual arousal
- Pain
What is the largest and uppermost part of the human brain?
The cerebrum
What does the cerebral cortex have? (2)
- Gyri
2. Sulci
Gyri
Many ridges
Sulci
Grooves
Cerebral hemispheres
2 halves of the cerebrum
What are the cerebral hemispheres connected by?
The corpus callosum
Corpus callosum
A wide, flat bundle of nerve fibres
Where is the cerebral cortex?
The outer later of the cerebrum
What is the cerebral cortex composed of?
6 layers of gray matter
How is the cerebrum divided?
Into 5 lobes
What are the 5 lobes the cerebrum is divided into?
- Frontal lobe
- Parietal lobe
- Temporal lobe
- Occipital lobe
5.
What does the frontal lobe do in the cerebrum?
Controls motor function
What does the parietal lobe do in the cerebrum?
Controls sensory functions
What does the temporal lobe do in the cerebrum?
Controls hearing
What does the occipital lobe do in the cerebrum?
Controls vision
What is the interior of the cerebrum mainly composed of?
White matter
Cerebral white matter
Nerve fibres arranged in bundles called tracts
Where are the islands of gray matter located in the cerebrum?
In the cerebral nuclei
- deep
- basal ganglia
Cerebral nuclei
Deep white matter of each hemisphere
What is the function of the cerebral nuclei?
In the regulation of voluntary motor control related to posture, walking and other repetitive movements
What does the cerebrum help with? (4)
- Mental processing
- Control of voluntary movements
- Control of posture
- Language
- spoken and written
What are examples of mental processing? (5)
- Conciousness/awareness
- Thinking
- Memory
- Sensations
- Emotions
What commonly damages the cerebrum?
Stokes
What do strokes lead to?
A compromise of brain functions
