A&P - Chapter 11 (Part 3) Flashcards
What is the inner portion of flat/other bones called?
Cancellous bone
- covered on the outside with compact bone
What do cranial flat bones have? (2)
- An internal and external table of compact bone
2. Diploe
Diploe
Inner cancellous region
- between the internal and external table
What do flat bones, short bones and irregular bones have similar features to?
Cranial bones
What is filled in the spaces inside the cancellous bone of short, flat, irregular and sesamoid bone?
Red marrow
What are 2 major types of connective tissue that make up the skeletal system?
- Bones
2. Cartilage
What is in bones and cartilage more than cells?
Matrix
What do bones contain? (3)
- Blood
- Adipose
- Nervous tissues
What part of the bone makes the blood?
The spongy part
- contains bone marrow
What are 2 types of bones in the skeletal system?
- Compact bone
2. Spongy bone
Where do you find compact bone?
In the outer layer
- hard and dense
What percentage does compact bone make up of total bone mass?
80%
Where do you find spongy bone?
In the ends of long bones
- epiphyses
What percentage does spongy bone make up of total bone mass?
20%
Osteons
Are cylindrical structural units
What is another word for osteons?
Haversian systems
How are matrix’s arranged?
They are calcified and arranged in rings
What do matrix’s surround?
The central canal
What does the central canal contain?
Blood vessels
Concentric lamella
Calcified rings
Lacunae
Are the spaces within the hard layers of concentric lamella
What do you find in lacunae?
Osteocytes
- living bones
What are lacunae connected by?
Canaliculi
Canaliculi
Tiny canals
What do canaliculi connect with?
The central canal in each osteon
What happens when canaliculi is connected to the central canal in each osteon?
Nutrients gets from the blood to the osteocytes
Trabeculae
Thin threads that lead to a porous texture
Where do you find trabeculae?
In spongy bone
What is the trabeculae surrounded by?
A network of open spaces that may contain red bone marrow
Where are nutrients delivered to?
Spongy bone
How is waste removed from cells?
Via diffusion through tiny canaliculi
Why are trabecula arranged along the lines of stress in spongy bone?
To enhance the bones strength
