A&P - Chapter 11 (Part 3) Flashcards

(32 cards)

1
Q

What is the inner portion of flat/other bones called?

A

Cancellous bone

- covered on the outside with compact bone

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2
Q

What do cranial flat bones have? (2)

A
  1. An internal and external table of compact bone

2. Diploe

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3
Q

Diploe

A

Inner cancellous region

- between the internal and external table

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4
Q

What do flat bones, short bones and irregular bones have similar features to?

A

Cranial bones

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5
Q

What is filled in the spaces inside the cancellous bone of short, flat, irregular and sesamoid bone?

A

Red marrow

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6
Q

What are 2 major types of connective tissue that make up the skeletal system?

A
  1. Bones

2. Cartilage

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7
Q

What is in bones and cartilage more than cells?

A

Matrix

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8
Q

What do bones contain? (3)

A
  1. Blood
  2. Adipose
  3. Nervous tissues
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9
Q

What part of the bone makes the blood?

A

The spongy part

- contains bone marrow

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10
Q

What are 2 types of bones in the skeletal system?

A
  1. Compact bone

2. Spongy bone

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11
Q

Where do you find compact bone?

A

In the outer layer

- hard and dense

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12
Q

What percentage does compact bone make up of total bone mass?

A

80%

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13
Q

Where do you find spongy bone?

A

In the ends of long bones

- epiphyses

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14
Q

What percentage does spongy bone make up of total bone mass?

A

20%

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15
Q

Osteons

A

Are cylindrical structural units

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16
Q

What is another word for osteons?

A

Haversian systems

17
Q

How are matrix’s arranged?

A

They are calcified and arranged in rings

18
Q

What do matrix’s surround?

A

The central canal

19
Q

What does the central canal contain?

A

Blood vessels

20
Q

Concentric lamella

A

Calcified rings

21
Q

Lacunae

A

Are the spaces within the hard layers of concentric lamella

22
Q

What do you find in lacunae?

A

Osteocytes

- living bones

23
Q

What are lacunae connected by?

24
Q

Canaliculi

25
What do canaliculi connect with?
The central canal in each osteon
26
What happens when canaliculi is connected to the central canal in each osteon?
Nutrients gets from the blood to the osteocytes
27
Trabeculae
Thin threads that lead to a porous texture
28
Where do you find trabeculae?
In spongy bone
29
What is the trabeculae surrounded by?
A network of open spaces that may contain red bone marrow
30
Where are nutrients delivered to?
Spongy bone
31
How is waste removed from cells?
Via diffusion through tiny canaliculi
32
Why are trabecula arranged along the lines of stress in spongy bone?
To enhance the bones strength