Spain Flashcards
DO’s of Catalonia
Emporda-Costa Brava, Pla de Bages, Alella, Penedes, Tarragona, Montsant, Priorat, Terra Alta, Conca del Barbera, Costers del Segre
DO’s of Aragon
Somontano, Carinena, Calatayud, Campo de Borja
DOs of Navarra
Navarra
DOs of La Rioja
La RIoja
DOs of Pais Vasco
Bizkaiko Txakolina, Arabako Txakolina, Getariako Txakolina
DOs of Castilla Y Leon
Bierzo, Tierra de Leon, Cigales, Arlanza, Ribera del Duero, Rueda, Toro, Tierra del Vino de Zamora, Arribes
DOs of Galicia
Rias Biaxas. Ribeiro, Ribeira Sacra, Valdeorras, Monterrei
DOs of Extramadura
Ribera del Guadiana
DOs of Madrid
Vinos de Madrid
DOs of Castilla-La Mancha
Mentrida, Mondejar, Ucles, La Mancha, Valdepenas, Ribera del Jucar, Manchuela, Almansa
DOs of Andalucia
Condado de Huelva, Jerez-Xeres-Sherry, Manzanilla-Sanlucar de Barrameda, Montilla-Moriles, Malaga, Sierras de Malaga
DOs of Murcia
Yecla, Jumilla, Bullas
DOs of Valencia
Valencia, Utiel-Requena, Alicante
DOs of the Belearic Islands
Pla I Levant, Binissalem
DOs of the Canary Islands
La Palma, La Gomera, El Hierro, Gran Canaria, Lanzarote. Tenerife Islnd: Tacoronte-Acentejo, Valle de la Orotava, Valle de Guimar, Ycoden-Duate-Isora, Abona
Spain “Crianza” aging requirements
DO/DOCa only. Red: 2 years including 6 mnths in barrel (max 330L). White/Rose: 18 mnths including 6 mnths in barrel
Spain “Reserva” aging requirements
DO/DOCa only Red: 3 years including 1 yr in barrel (max 330L). White/Rose: 2 yrs including 6 mths in barrel
Spain “Gran Reserva” aging requirements
DO/DOCa only. Red: 5 years including 18 mnths in barrel (max 330L). White/Rose: 4 years including 6 mnths in barrel
Spain “Noble” againg requirements
Red/White/Rose any DOP: min 18 mnths in cask (max 600L)
Spain “Anejo” aging requirements
Red/White/Rose any DOP: 2 years in cask (max 600L)
Spain “Viejo” aging requirements
Red/White/Rose any DOP: 3 years in cask (max 600L), must show oxidative character
Rioja “Crianza” aging requirements. What is stricter than general
Red: 2 years including 1 year in barrel (xtra 6 mnths in barrel, barrel ~ 225L). White/Rose: 2 years including 6 mnths in barrel (extra 6 mnths total aging)
Rioja “Reserva” aging requirements. What is stricter than general
Red: 3 years aging including 1 year in bottle and 6 mnths in bottle (xtra 6 mnths in bottle, barrel ~ 225L). White/Rose: 2 years including 6 mnths in barrel (remainder can not be aged in SS)
Rioja “Gran Reserva” aging requirements. What is stricter than general
Red: 5 years including 2 years in barrel and 2 years in bottle (xtra 6 mnths in barrel and 2 yrs in btl, barrel ~ 225L). White/Rose: 4 years including 6 mnths in barrel (remainder can not be aged in SS)
Ribera del Duero “Crianza” aging requirements. What is stricter than general
Red: 2 years aging including 1 year in barrel (xtra 6 mnths in barrel, barrel ~ 225 L). Rose: 18 mnths including 6 mnths in barrel (same)
Ribera del Duero “Reserva” aging requirements. What is stricter than general
Red: 3 years aging including 1 year in barrel (barrel ~ 225L). Rose: not allowed
Ribera del Duero “Gran Reserva” aging requirements. What is stricter than general
Red: 5 years including 2 years in barrel and 3 years in bottle (xtra 6 mnths in barrel, xtra 3 yrs in bottle, barrel ~ 225L)
VCIG
Vinos de Calidad con Indicación Geográfica (VCIG), once considered a steppingstone to DO in Spain, is considered DOP in the new European appellation system
VdlT
Vino de la Tierra. IGP wines in Spain
Rioja location, geography, subregions, major cities
In North Central Spain, mostly in the La Rioja province, also Alava in the Basque Country and Navarra. In a Rain shadow from the Cantabrian Mtns (NW) and the Pyrenees (NE). Follows the Ebro R. although named for it’s tributary the Oja R. Subregions: Rioja Alta (entirely in La Rioja), Rioja Alavesa (entirely in Pais Vasco), Rioja Oriental/formerly Baja (mostly in La Rioja, North of the Ebro in Navarra). Major cities: Haro, Logrono
Spain 1st DOCa
Rioja in 1991
Rioja Red Grapes
Authorized: Temp + Garnacha, Mazuelo, Graciano, Maturana Tinta. min 85%, 95% if destemmed. “experimental grapes” like CS can make up the remainder
Rioja White Grapes
100% Authorized: Viura, Chard, SB, Verdelho (only grapes allowed at > 50%) + Malvasía, Garnacha Blanca, Tempranillo Blanca, Maturana Blanca, Turruntés
Rioja Rosado Grapes
min. 25% combined Tempranillo, Mazuelo, Garnacha Tinta, Maturana Tinta and Graciano
Rioja Soils and climate and resulting wine styles
Rioja Alta: Warm, calcareous clay. Age worthy Temp, Mazuelo, Graciano. Acidity and structure to blends. Rioja Alavesa: slightly cooler, similar soils to Alta, calcareous clay. Vino Joven, CarbMac Temp. Freshness to blends. Rioja Oriental: Hottest, Alluvial soils and ferrous clay. Garnacha. Extract and abv to blends
Viñedos Singulares
Spain “single vineyard” new legislation as of 2018. To be a single vineyard, the vineyard’s soil must be assessed, the vines must be at least 35 years old, the estate must have proof that it has been working with the vineyard for at least 10 years, and the wine must pass a tasting panel. The grapes must also be hand-harvested at a yield of at least 20 hectoliters per hectare less than what is typically required of regional wines.
Vino Espumoso de Calidad
New category as of 2018 for traditional method sparkling wine in Rioja. minimum of 15 months lees aging, whereas Reserve and Gran Reserve require 24 and 36 months, respectively.
Rioja Alta Producers
Haro: Lopes de Heredia, La Rioja Alta, Muga, CVNE, Roda. Logrono: Marques de Murrieta. San Vincente: Hermanos de Pecina, Sierra Cantabria. Also: Finca Allende, Marques de Caceras
Rioja Alavesa Producers
Remelluri, Remirez de Ganuza, Faustino, Marques de Riscal, Luis Canas, Ysios, Martinez Bujanda
Which Spainards introduced barrique aging and estate bottling to Rioja
Marques de Murrieta and Marques de Riscal returned from Bordeaux during it’s Phylloxera epidemic in the 1850’s and 60’s
Spains firsts in appellations
Carinena, Jerez, Rioja, Malaga, + established Consejo Reguladores in the 1930’s. The legal DO’s were finally approved in 1970. Rioja became the first DOCa in 1991
Navarra DO
In the Navarra Autonomia. 5 subregions: Tierra Estella, Valdizarbe, Baja Montagna, Ribera Alta, and Ribera Baja.. Mostly red: Temp, Garn, CS. Rosados are historically famous, Garnacha preferred. Also white: Chard
Navarra DO Pagos
- Arinzano (Tierra Estella), Prado de Irache (Tierra Estella), Otazu (Valdizarbe)
Campo de Borja
Aragon DO in Spain. Hot. Red, white, rosado: Garn (2/3 of acreage), Temp, Viura
Carinena
Aragon DO in Spain. One of the 1st delimited zones in Spain, 1932, and ancestral home of Carignan/Mazuelo. Garnacha dominates vineyards today. Red, white, Rosado
Calatayud
Aragon DO in Spain. Red, white, rosado. Garnacha dominates
Somontano
Aragon DO in Spain in the foothills of the Pyrenees, near Catalonia.
Subzones of Rias Biaxas and their grapes
Ribeira do Ulla & Salnes: min 70% Albarino, Loureira, Treixadura, Caiña Blanca. Soutomaior: same as DO. O Rosal: min 70% Albarino & Loureira. Condado do Tea: min 70% Albarino & Treixadura
Rias Biaxas
DO in Galicia. Whites: Albarino, Loureira, Treixadura, Caiña Blanca + Torrentes, Godello. varietal Albarino: 100%. Blanco Barrica: min. 3 months in wood (max. 600 liter capacity) Red: Caiño Tinto, Espadeiro, Loureira Tinta, Sousón + Mencia, Brancellao
Ribeiro
DO in Galicia, along the Miño River east of Rias Baixas. One of Spain’s oldest regions w/ exports to England dating from the 1600’s. White (most common): Treixadura preffered + Albarino, Loureira, Torrontes, Godello, +. Red: Caino Tinto preffered. Vino Tostado: dried grape vine, red or white
Ribeira Sacra
DO in Galicia at the confluence of the Mino and Sil Rivers. “Sacred Bank.” Steeply Terraced with stone built by the Romans. White: Godello and Treixadura preffered. Red: Mencia preffered
Valdeorras
DO in Galicia at the order w/ Castilla Y Leon. Godello it’s best wine, also Mencia
Bierzo
DO in Castilla Y Leon, more in common w/ Glacian neighbors. Mencia most important, min 70% in reds, min 50% in roses. White: palomino dominates vineyards, Godello, Dona Branca preffered
Bierzo Producers
Decendientes de Jose Palacios (Alvaro and nephew Ricardo from Priorat), Raul Perez, Dominio de Tares and Pittacum
Curullon
Decendientes de Jose Palacios wine, old-vine Mencía-based wines sourced from mountainside schist soils, put Bierzo on the map
Tierra de Leon
Castilla Y Leon DO, upgraded from VdlT in 2007. Red: Mencia, Preito Picudo preffered. White, Rosado
Ribera del Duero
Castilla Y Leon DO along the Duero R. Major towns: Penanel, Aranda de Duero. Red and Rosado: Temp dominates + Garn, CS, Merl. NO WHITE ALLOWED. Didn’t receive DO status until 1982, when Presquera joined Vega Sicilia in cult wine status and many other producers soon followed
Tempranillo in Ribera del Duero
Tinto Fino, Tinto del Pais
Ribera del Duero producers
Vega Sicilia (regions flagship producer, founder planted 1st Bordeaux varietals here), Pesquera, Dominio de Pingus, AALTO, Valduero, Condado de Haza
Unico
Vega Sicilia benchmark wine. Temp, CS, Merlot aged often a decade or more in American and French Oak. Fetches steep prices after it’s success at the Barcelona World’s Fair in 1929, even though released as Vino de Mesa before Ribera del Duero became a DO in 1982