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Green Pin Study 2 (imported Cards) > Champane General > Flashcards

Champane General Flashcards

1
Q

Name the grand cru of the Côtes des Blancs

A

Avize, Oger, Mesnil sur Oger, Chouilly, Cramant, Oiry

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2
Q

Which of the following is not a premier cru village: Vertus, Cuis, Urville, Hautvillers

A

Urville (home of Drappier in the Aube)

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3
Q

Which of the following is not an NM: Pommery, Taittinger, Pierre Peters, Veuve Clicquot

A

Pierre Peters

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4
Q

Why is Pinot Meunier considered the preferential grape to plant in the Vallée de la Marne

A

The Vallee has a compressed growing season with a shorter summer. Pinot Meunier buds later
making it less susceptible to frost, and ripens better on the clay dominant soils.

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5
Q

Name three requirements to produce a champagne under the Club Tresors label

A

The producer must be an RM
• The producer must perform all steps of the production process on his or her domaine
• The wines are subject to a tasting both as vin clair and after 3 years in the bottle
• The wine is a single vintage wine, only to be made in outstanding years
• The wines must be bottled in the approved special club bottle emblazoned with the special
club logo
• It must be the producer’s tete de cuvee

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6
Q

Name 3 special club Producers

A 
1 Champagne PAUL BARA
2 Champagne ROLAND CHAMPION
3 Champagne CHARLIER ET FILS
4 Champagne GASTON CHIQUET
5 Champagne DUMÉNIL
6 Champagne FORGET-CHEMIN
7 Champagne FRESNET-JUILLET
8 Champagne PIERRE GIMONNET ET FILS
9 Champagne J.M. GOULARD
10 Champagne HENRI GOUTORBE
11 Champagne GRONGNET
12 Champagne MARC HÉBRART
13 Champagne HERVIEUX DUMEZ
14 Champagne VINCENT JOUDART
15 Champagne JUILLET-LALLEMENT
16 Champagne LARMANDIER PÈRE ET FILS
17 Champagne J. LASSALLE
19 Champagne JOSEPH LORIOT-PAGEL
20 Champagne A. MARGAINE
21 Champagne RÉMY MASSIN ET FILS
22 Champagne JOSÉ MICHEL ET FILS
23 Champagne MOUSSÉ FILS
24 Champagne MOUZON-LEROUX ET FILS
25 Champagne NOMINÉ-RENARD
26 Champagne SALMON
27 Champagne SANCHEZ-LE GUÉDARD
28 Champagne VAZART-COQUART ET FILS
29 Champagne PERTOIS MORISET
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7
Q

What is a bidule

A

A plastic insert within the crown cap used to catch yeast as the wines are riddled while under
tirage

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8
Q

How long must vintage champagne spend en tirage on its lees

A

12 months, the same as non-vintage champagne

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9
Q

True or False: Rose de Riceys may be produced from a blend of red and white grapes

A

False, it is made from exclusively pinot noir

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10
Q

Which grapes may be used for the production of Champagne AOP

A

Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, Pinot Meunier, Pinot Blanc (vrai), Pinot Gris (aka Fromonteau), Arbane,
Petit Meslier

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11
Q

What is the difference between a wine labelled “Extra Brut” and a wine labelled “Brut Nature”

A

Extra Brut may receive dosage and produce finished wines with a maximum 6 g/l of residual
sugar, while a Brut Nature may not receive dosage and must produce finished wines with a
maximum of 3 g/l of residual sugar.

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12
Q

What is the allowed residual sugar content for Demi Sec champagne

A

32-50 grams/l

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13
Q

What is NM?

A

Négociant Manipulant: A house that purchases grapes and or base wines from growers and other smaller houses. Some NM houses own a significant portion of their own vineyards; others own none at all. Large Champagne houses with the most international presence are invariably in this category: Moët et Chandon, Louis Roederer, Veuve Clicquot Ponsardin, Billecart-Salmon, Lanson, Taittinger, Pol Roger, Perrier-Jouët, Mumm, and Laurent-Perrier. Quality varies widely, although prices are uniformly high. Many houses often fall under the same corporate parentage; for example, Moët et Chandon, Krug, Veuve Clicquot Ponsardin, and Mercier fall under the umbrella of the luxury conglomerate LVMH.

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14
Q

What is RM?

A

(Récoltant Manipulant): A grower-producer who makes Champagne from estate-grown fruit. 95% of the grapes must originate in the producer’s own vineyards.

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15
Q

What is CM?

A

(Coopérative Manipulant): A growers’ co-operative that produces the wine under a single brand.

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16
Q

What is RC?

A

(Récoltant Coopérateur): A grower whose grapes are vinified at a co-operative, but sells the wine under his own label.

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17
Q

What is SR?

A

(Société de Récoltants): A firm, not a co-operative, set up by a union of often related growers, who share resources to make their wines and collectively market several brands

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18
Q

What is ND?

A

(Négociant Distributeur): A middleman company that distributes Champagne it did not make.

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19
Q

What is MA?

A

(Marque d’Acheteur):A buyer’s own brand, often a large supermarket chain or restaurant, that purchases Champagne and sells it under its own label.

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20
Q

What is the sweetness level of Brut Nature?

A

0-3 grams per liter, no added dosage

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21
Q

What is the sweetness level of Extra Brut?

A

0-6 grams per liter

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22
Q

What is the sweetness level of Brut?

A

0-12 grams per liter

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23
Q

What is the sweetness level of Extra Dry?

A

12-17 grams per liter

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24
Q

What is the sweetness level of Sec?

A

17-32 grams per liter

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25
Q

What is the sweetness level of Demi Sec?

A

32-50 grams per liter

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26
Q

What is the sweetness level of Doux?

A

50+ grams per liter

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27
Q

What is the size of a Jeroboam?

A

3 L (4 bottles)

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28
Q

What is the size of a Rehoboam? (discontinued in 1989)

A

4.5 L (6 bottles)

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29
Q

What is the size of a Methuselah?

A

6 L (8 bottles)

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30
Q

What is the size of a Salmanazar?

A

9 L (12 bottles)

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31
Q

What is the size of a Balthazar?

A

12 L (16 bottles)

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32
Q

What is the size of a Nebuchadnezzar?

A

15 L (20 bottles)

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33
Q

What is the size of a Solomon?

A

Solomon 18 L (24 bottles)

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34
Q

What is Batonnage?

A

Lee’s stirring

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35
Q

What is Cepage?

A

Literally grape variety. Can refer to the ‘recipe’ of grapes that make a particular champagne

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36
Q

What is Debourbage?

A

The settling process that removesbits of skin, pips and other flotsam and jetsam from the pressed juice

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37
Q

What is Dosage?

A

Sugar added to the sparkling wine after disgorgement via the liqueur d’expedition

38
Q

What is Grand Marque?

A

literally means great brand. Referred to a members of a club until 1997 when it disbanded over disagrreements about what constitutes quality

39
Q

What is liqueur de Tirage?

A

The bottling liqueur. Wine, sugar, yeast, and yeast nutrients added to still champagne to induce the mousse

40
Q

What is the Maillard reaction?

A

Chemical interactions between amino acids created during autolysis and residual sugar added by dosage. Responsible for many desirable aromas adored by drinkers of mature champagne

41
Q

Describe the Tank method

A

A bulk method where secondary fermentation occurs in tank invented by Eugene Charmat

42
Q

What is Tete de Cuvee?

A

The first flow of juice during the pressing. The cream of the cuvee. Best balance of acids, sugars and minerals.

43
Q

What is Remuage?

A

The process whereby the sediment is encouraged down to the neck of the bottle in preparation for disgorgement

44
Q

What is the oldest Champagne house?

A

Gosset founded in 1854 as a still wine producer

Ruinart established in 1729 can claim to be the oldest sparkling house

45
Q

Who pioneered the process of remuage (riddling)

A

Madame Barbe-Nicole Ponsardin

46
Q

When was the AOC system first introduced in France?

A

1936

47
Q

In what year did the boundaries of Champagne broaden to meet the burden of demand

A
  1. The first major change since 1927. Villages that can grow grapes increased from 319 - 357
48
Q

At what latitude is champagne located?

A

between the 48th and 49th paralells

49
Q

What is the soil type in Champagen?

A

Porous Belemnite chalk derived from the fossilized remains of millions of extinct cephalopods, has a high limestone content, which allows vine roots to dig deeply and is linked to increased acidity.
A second layer of micraster chalk, named for an extinct sea urchin, characterizes the valley vineyards
A thin layer of clay and sand covers much of the chalk in Champagne; in the Aube to the south clay is the dominant soil type.

50
Q

What are the authorised grape varieties of Champagne?

A 
Chardonnay
Pinot Noir
Meunier
Pinot Blanc Vrai
Arbane
Pinot Gris
Petit Mesler
51
Q

What is the most planted grape variety in Champagne

A

Pinot Noir (38% of total plantings)

52
Q

What limit did the CIVIC set for juice extraction in champagne in 1992

A

102 liters of must for every 160 kg of grapes or 2550 litres from 4000kg

53
Q

Name the pruning methods allowed in champagne

A

Cordon de Royat
Chablis
Vallée de la Marne
Guyot (double and simple).

54
Q

How many villages are authorised to grow grapes in CHampagne?

A

357

55
Q

Name the 5 districts of champagne

A 
Valle de la Marne
Montagne de Reims
Cote de Blancs
Cote de Sezanne
Cote de Bar (Aube)
56
Q

How many villages in Champagne have grand cru status?

A

17

57
Q

How many villages in Champagne have premier cru status?

A

42

58
Q

What is the Echelle de Cru?

A

A percentile system by which the villages, or crus, of the Champagne appellation are rated. Villages that achieved the maximum échelle (“scale”) of 100 were classified as grands crus; villages that achieved an échelle of 90 through 99 were classified as premier cru. Villages with a rating below 90 were simply crus. Originally, the Échelle de Crus was a true percentile system; in 1985 a revision set the minimum rating of the scale at 80.

59
Q

Which 2 villages had a 99% ranking in the Echelles de Cru

A

Mareuil-sur-Ay in the Vallée de la Marne and Tauxières in Montagne de Reims

60
Q

When was the Echelle de Cru abolished entirely?

A

Early 2000s

61
Q

What are the 3 extractions of juice called in Champagne

A

Vin de cuvee
Vin de Taille
rebeche

62
Q

In Champagne how much extarcted juice is Vin de Cuvee?

A

The first 2050 litres

63
Q

In Champagne how much extarcted juice is Vin de Taille?

A

The following 500 litres after the first 2500 for the Vin de Cuvee

64
Q

What is Rebeche?

A

A third extraction required by law that must be 1 - 10% of the total extraction. The rebeche is used for distillate

65
Q

What is the name of the traditional structure used for riddling?

A

pupitre

66
Q

Which piece of equipment has replaced the pupitre ifor riddling in many champagne houses?

A

Gyropallate

67
Q

How many kilos of grapes fit in a traditional coquard press?

A

4000 kilos

68
Q

What are the lees ageing requirements for non vintage champagne?

A

must be aged for at least 15 months with a minimum 12 months on lees

69
Q

What are the ageing requirements for vintage champagne?

A

must be aged for a minimum 36 months

70
Q

What % of grapes must come from the stated vintage in vintage champagne?

A

100%

71
Q

What % of a champagne houses total output can be sold as vintage champagne?

A

85%

72
Q

How many Grand Cru villages are there in the Montagne de Reims?

A

9

73
Q

Name the Grand Cru villages of the Montagne de Reims

A 
Sillery
Puisieulx
Beaumont - Sur -Vesle
Verzanay
Mailly-Champagne
Verzy
Louvois
Bouzy
Ambonnais
74
Q

Name the Grand Cru Villages of the Valle de la Marne

A

Ay

Tours-sur-Marne

75
Q

Name the Grand Cru Villages of the Cotes des Blanc

A 
Chouilly
Oiry
Cramant
Avize
Oger
Mesnil-sur-Oger
76
Q

How many Premier Cru villages are there in the Valle de la Marne?

A

26

77
Q

How many Premier Cru Villages are there in the Montagne de Reims?

A

7

78
Q

How many Grand Cru villages are there in the Cote de Blancs?

A

9

79
Q

Name 5 Premier Cru Vineyards of the Valle de la Marne

A 
Avenay-Val-d'Or
Bezannes
Billy-le-Grand
Chamery
Chigny-les-Roses
Cormontreuil
Coulommes-la-Montagne
Écueil
Jouy-lès-Reims
Ludes
Les Mesneux
Montbré
Pargny-lès-Reims
Rilly-la-Montagne
Sacy
Sermiers
Taissy
Tauxières-Mutry
Trépail
Trois-Puits
Vaudemange
Villers-Allerand
Villers-aux-Nœuds
Ville-Dommange
Villers-Marmery
Vrigny
80
Q

Name the Premier Cru Villages of the Montagne de Reims

A 
Bergères-lès-Vertus
Cuis
Étréchy
Grauves
Pierry
Val-des-Marais (Coligny)
Vertus
Villeneuve-Renneville-Chevigny
Voipreux
81
Q

Name the Premier Cru Vineyards of the Cotes de Blanc

A 
Bergères-lès-Vertus
Cuis
Étréchy
Grauves
Pierry
Val-des-Marais (Coligny)
Vertus
Villeneuve-Renneville-Chevigny
Voipreux
82
Q

what wine styles and grape varieties are permitted in the Coteaux Champenois AOP?

A

Blanc
Rose
Rouge
Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, Meunier, Arbane, Petit Meslier, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Gris

83
Q

What wine styles and grape varieties are permitted in the Rose des Riceys AOP?

A

Rose from 100% Pinot Noir

84
Q

In which district of Champagne does Salon produce wine?

A

Cote de Blancs. From Le Mesnil sur Oger

85
Q

Rose de Riceys is produced in which region of Champagne?

A

Cotes des Bars

86
Q

What is the CIVC?

A

Comite Interproffesional du vin de Champagne

87
Q

When was the CIVC established?

A

1941

88
Q

Name the only Grand Cru in the Valle de la Marne that has the most area planted to Chardonnay

A

Sillery

89
Q

Name the Grand Cru in Champagne that has status for red wine only

A

Tours - sur - Marne

90
Q

Name the Grand Cru in Champagne that has status for white wine only?

A

Chouilly

91
Q

Name the Grand Cru villages of Champagne that were added after 1985

A 
Chouilly
Oiry
Oger
Le-mesnil-sur-Oger
Verzy

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