Italy - Brainscape Flashcards
What is Nebbiolo known as in Ghemme & Gattinara?
Spanna
What are the 4 DOCs of Basilicata?
- Aglianico del Vulture
- Grottino di Roccanova
- Matera
- Terre dell’Alta Val d’Agri
What is Franciacorta Satèn and how long must it be aged?
- White grapes only (Chard & P/Bianco)
- Min 24 months on the lees
- Not released until 31 months after harvest
What is vintage in Italian?
Millesimato
What was Bolgheri Sassicaia DOC established?
Beginning with the 1994 vintage
What is the capital of Campania?
Naples
Where is the Falerno del Massico DOC, what wines does it produce?
- Campania
- Rosso - Aglianico & Primitivo blends
- Bianco - Falanghina varietal wines
What is the main soil that characterizes the communes of La Morra and Barolo?
Tortonian soils - which contain a higher proportion of calcareous marl, and provide a softer style of wine
What is Lombardy’s most important red wine zone?
Valtellina
What and where is the Malvasia delle Liparia DOC?
- Sweet, passito and fortified from Malvasia
- Small group of islands off the northern coast of Sicily
How does Guiseppe Quintarelli age his wines?
Large, neutral Slavonian butti
What are the Nebbiolo based DOCGs of Piedmont?
- Barolo
- Barbaresco
- Ghemme
- Gattinara
- Roero
When were Recioto and Amarone della Valpolicella approved for DOCG status?
Late 2009 (2010)
What is the allowed blend of Valpolicella DOC?
- 45-95% Corvina
- 5-30% Rondinella
- Max 15% combined Molinara, Negrara, and Oseleta
- Same for Amarone and Recioto
How many atmospheres are required for standard Franciacorta bottlings? For Satèn?
- 5 to 6
- Less than 5
What is the common bottle of Moscato di Scanzo?
Futura
What are the DOCGs of Lombardy?
- Franciacorta
- Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico
- Valtellina Superiore
- Sforzato di Valtellina
- Moscato di Scanzo
Which of the following grapes play an important role in Trentino-Alto Adige: Cab Sauv, Cab Franc, Merlot, Pinot Nero?
All of them
What portion of Trentino-Alto Adige’s output is dominated by co-ops?
Over three-quarters
Where is Liguria located and what type of climate does it have?
- Occupies a narrow band of mountainous coastland, south of Piedmont
- Mediterranean climate
What is the main grape and required aging of Torgiano Rosso Riserva DOCG?
- 70-100% Sangiovese
- Min 3 years (6 months in bottle)
What wine is classically used with the Bellini cocktail?
Prosecco
How long are the grapes of Recioto di Soave typically dried?
4 to 6 months
What zones of production may make Soave Superiore?
- Classico
- Colli Scaligeri
What are the two notable Nebbiolo craftsmen also making serious Alta Langa DOCG wines?
- Fontanafredda
- Enrico Serafino
What is unique about the Cerasuolo di Vittoria DOCG?
It limits maceration time to keep the vibrant Cerasuolo, “cherry-red”, color of the wine
Petit Rouge dominates which Valle d’Aosta DOC sub-appellations?
- Torrette
- Chambave
- Enfer d’Arvier
What are the Roero DOCGs based on?
Roero DOCG
-min 95% Nebbiolo
Roero Arneis DOCG
-min 95% Arneis
What and where is the Brindisi DOC?
- Puglia
- Negroamaro
What traditional practice dating back to the 1870s in Chianti is now optional?
The addition of white grapes - Trebbiano Toscano and Malvasia
What is Pignoletto?
- An autochthonous variety known to the Roman’s as “Pino Lieto”
- Most likely identical to Umbria’s Grechetto
True or False - Barolo can be aged in chestnut
TRUE
What province are Barolo and Barbaresco located in? Which river are they alongside?
- Cuneo
- South of the Tanaro River
What is Prié?
A synonym for Blanc de Morgex
What grape is responsible for the still or sparkling wines of La Salle?
Blanc de Morgex
Blanc de Morgex et de La Salle
How long must Chianti be aged and what sub-zones must be aged longer?
Normale
- Until March 1
- Montespertoli - June 1
- Superiore, Colli Fiorentini, Rùfina - Sept 1
- Riserva - 24 months, 12.5% abv
- Superiore - additional 0.5% abv
What are the Nebbiolo based DOCs of Piedmont?
- Lange - surrounds Barolo/Barbaresco
- Carema - near the border of Valle d’Aosta
Near Ghemme/Gattinara
- Lessona
- Sizzano
What DOC is the largest producer of wine in Italy?
Asti @ 650,000hl annually
What DOCG based on the high-acid, herbal scented Erbaluce grape? What styles may it be produced in?
- Erbaluce di Caluso DOCG (Piedmont)
- Still, spumante, or passito (receives the most praise)
What method of secondary fermentation does Asti/Moscato d’Asti usually go through?
Charmat Method
Where is the Valpolicella Classico region located?
- The western end of the appellation, near the shores of Lake Garda
- Consists of four “fingers” or valleys
What is Piedmont’s most planted white grape?
Moscato Bianco (Muscat à Petits Grains)
What is Sicily’s sole DOCG? What is the uvaggio?
-Cerasuolo di Vittoria DOCG
-50-70% Nero d’Avola
30-50% Frappato
Can Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco and Asolo Prosecco DOCGs be still or sparkling?
Yes
What range of styles can Albana di Romagna be?
- Secco
- Amabile
- Dolce
- Passito (most promising)
- Passito Riserva
Where is Euganei Fior d’Arancio DOCG and what is the main varietal?
- Veneto
- Moscato Giallo
- Tranquillo (secco or dolce)
- Spumante
- Passito
What are the three prominent white varietals of Campania?
- Fiano
- Greco
- Falanghina
Where is Aglianico del Taburno DOCG and what is the required varietal percentage?
- Campania
- min 85% Aglianico
What is the capital of Latium?
Rome
When did Marquis Mario Rocchetta’s Tenuta San Guido release the first vintage of Sassicaia?
1968
What region of Italy produces the most wine?
-Veneto - swaths of cheap P/Grigio and Sparkling
What portion of the wines of the Veneto are of DOC quality?
Over a quarter
What narrow waterway separates Sicily from Calabria?
Strait of Messina
What is Nebbiolo known as in Valtellina?
Chiavanesca
Describe the climate of Valle d’Aosta.
A continental climate with long, cold winters and short, hot summers
Where is Gavi located?
Piedmont - The extreme southern portion of the Alessandria province, sharing its western border with Ovada
Where is the Bianco di Custoza DOC?
-Veneto, surrounded by the Bardolino DOC
What are rosato versions of Montepulciano called?
Cerasuolo
What is Abruzzo’s sole DOCG?
Montepulciano d’Abruzzo Colline Teraman DOCG
- Essentially Montepulciano d’Abruzzo’s classico zone
- min 90% Montepulciano (vs. min 85% for DOC)
What producers of Sicily have led the resurgence of higher quality/lower yields in recent years?
- Marco de Bartoli in Marsala
- Planeta
- Palari
- COS
Is Tuscan Vin Santo fortified?
- It is not required
- Labeled “liquorso” if it is
What is Vesuvio DOC called if it achieves a 12% abv? Where is it located?
- Campania
- “Lacryma Christi del Vesuvio
Where is Cannellino di Frascati DOCG and what style of wine is produced?
- Lazio
- Late harvest Malvasia
Where is Est! Est!! Est!!! di Montefiascone DOC and what is the principal grape?
- Lazio
- Trebbiano
What central provinces of Emilia-Romagna are monopolized by Lambrusco?
Modena & Reggiano
What is the aging requirement for Barbaresco? Riserva?
Normale
-min 2 years (9 months in cask)
Riserva
-min 4 years (9 months in cask)
What 4 DOCs produce Lambrusco in Emilia-Romagna?
- Lambrusco Grasparossa di Castelvetro
- Lambrusco di Sorbara
- Lambrusco Reggiano
- Lambrusco Salamino di Santa Croce
What province is Brunello di Montalcino located?
Siena
How long must Alta Langa be aged? Riserva?
Normale
-min 30 months after harvest
Riserva
-min 36 months after harvest
Name 3 traditionalist producers in Barolo.
- Giacomo Conterno
- Bartolo Mascarello
- Giuseppe Rinaldi
When was the DOCG introduced?
1963, also, although the first DOCG was not awarded until 1980, when Brunello, Barolo, and Vino Nobile di Montepulciano were upgraded
Where is the Faro DOC and what grape dominates it?
Sicily’s extreme northeastern coast Nerello Mascarello
What is Guarnaccia and where is it grown?
- A Grenache variant
- Ischia DOC, in the Bay of Naples
What are the important permitted white varieties for the Trentino DOC?
- Chardonnay
- P/Grigio
- P/Bianco
- Müller-Thurgau
- Sauvignon Blanc
What is the uvaggio Soave DOC?
min 70% Garganega, plus Trebbiano di Soave, Chardonnay, P/Bianco
What 2 valleys are located in the eastern portion of the Valpolicella DOC?
- Valpantena
- Illasi
Where and what is the Costa d’Amalfi DOC?
- Campania
- Falanghina, blended with Biancolella
Where is Abruzzo located?
South of the Marche, along the Adriatic coast
What grape of Calabria has been linked to Sangiovese?
Gaglioppo
Describe the wines Barbera produces.
High acidity, low in tannin
What is Zibibbo?
A synonym for Muscat of Alexandria on Sicily
What percentage is required from the stated vintage and of the Prosecco grape to be DOCG?
-85% min for both
What grapes are permitted for Franciacorta?
- Chardonnay
- Pinot Nero
- Pinot Bianco (max 50%)
Where is the Marches located?
East of Umbria, on the Adriatic coast
What DOC is for still wines from Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico?
Oltrepò Pavese DOC
What grapes produce Orvieto? In what styles?
- Grechetto (a new uvaggio engineered in 2003 to focus away from Trebbiano)
- Generally dry, may be sweet or even botrytized
What is the aging requirement for Franciacorta non-vintage?
- min 18 months on the lees
- not released for 25 months after the harvest
What is the sole DOC of Valle d’Aosta?
Valle d’Aosta DOC (it has 7 sub-appellations)
Name 3 traditional Brunello producers.
- Biondi-Santi
- Talenti
- Soldera
How long must Vino Nobile di Montepulciano be aged?
-min 2 years (1 year in wood)
Riserva
-min 3 years
Who spearheaded the orange wine movement in Friuli?
Josko Gravner
What is Tai?
A synonym for Friulano
What soils characterize the province of Orvieto?
Tuffeau
What province is Vino Nobile di Montepulciano in?
Siena
Who influenced the varietals found on Sardegna?
The Spanish Kingdom of Aragon ruled Corsica for 400 years until the early 1700s
What ancient grape, and parent of Teroldego, is one of Trentino’s major red grapes?
Marzemino
What grape dominates white plantings in Calabria?
- Greco
- White grapes account for less than 10% of Calabrian wine
What grape dominates the reds and rosatos of the Cirò DOC and where is it located?
- Calabria
- Gaglioppo
What is the grape of Recioto di Gambellara DOCG and what styles can be produced?
- 100% Garganega
- Sweet, still and sparkling
What are the two DOCGs of Valtellina?
(Lombardy)
- Valtellina Superiore
- Sforzato di Valtellina (Valtellina Sfurzat)
For how long must Amarone Riserva be aged?
4 years (no wood required)
T or F – Franciacorta Satèn may only be released as Brut.
TRUE
What are the permitted sweetness levels for Franciacorta?
-Dosaggio Zero
-Extra Brut
-Brut
-Extra Dry
Not permitted for Millesimato or Riserva
-Sec
-Demi-Sec
What is Moscadello di Montalcino DOC for?
- White wines produced from Moscadello (Moscato Bianco)
- Often sweet
- Still or sparkling
Where is the Falesco Estate located and what is it known for?
- Montefiascone in Latium
- Merlot and Cabernet
What is the most planted red grape in Puglia?
Negroamaro
What is Basilicata’s sole DOCG?
Aglianico del Vulture Superiore DOCG
What are the requirements for Aglianico del Superiore DOCG?
- min 13.5% abv
- min 3 yrs (1 yr in wood)
Riserva
-min 5 yrs (2 yrs in wood)
What are Umbria’s DOCGs?
- Sagrantino di Montefalco DOCG
- Torgiano Rosso Riserva DOCG
How long must Sagrantino di Montefalco be aged for?
min 30 months
-Secco - min 12 months in wood
Where is Morellino di Scansano DOCG located?
Tuscany, in the southern Maremma, in the province of Grosseto
What is the aging requirement for Soave Superiore?
- 1 year (3 months in bottle)
- Riserva - min 2 yrs
How long must Montepulciano d’Abruzzo Colline Teramane DOCG be aged?
- min 2 yrs (1 yr in wood)
- Riserva - min 3 yrs
Where is the Gambellara DOC?
Veneto, immediate east of Soave
What is sforzato?
A style similar to recioto, produced from Nebbiolo grapes that are dried to release no more than half the equivalent content of freshly harvested grapes
How many sorì are classified for Diano d’Alba and what must also be included on the label?
- 77 sorì are classified as superior exposures
- “menzioni gregrafiche aggiunitive”
What are the unofficial sub-zones of Brunello di Montalcino?
- Sant Angelo in Colle
- Castelnuovo Abate
- Torrenieri
How many hectares of Montalcino’s 24,000 are authorized to grow Brunello?
5,000ha
What is the blend of Ghemme?
min 75% Spanna, combined max 25% Vespolina and Uva Rara (Bonarda Novarese)
What is the blend of Gattinara?
min 90% Spanna, max 10% combined Bonarda di Gattinara and Vespolina (cannot exceed 4%)
Where is the Rosazzo DOCG and what is the main grape?
- Friuli (formerly a sub-zone of Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit DOCG)
- Based on Tai (Friulano)
What are the 6 provinces of Chianti?
- Firenze
- Siena
- Arezzo
- Prato
- Pisa
- Pistoia
What is Bombino?
A synonym for Trebbiano d’Abruzzo
What is Bardolino Chiaretto?
Bardolino DOC rosato
Where is the Ischia DOC and what are the wines?
- Campania, offshore in the Bay of Naples
- Bianco - Forastera and Biancolella blends
- Rosso - Piedirosso and Guarnaccia
T or F – Verdicchio can produce sweet or sparkling wine at DOCG level in the Marches?
False – still dry only for DOCG, sweet & sparkling may be DOC
What is a sorì?
A southern exposure, considered superior
What are barrels are used in Vin Santo production?
- Caratelli
- Holds just 50-liters (13 gallons)
What sub-zone of Chianti requires a min 75% Sangiovese?
Colli Senesi
What are the important Barolo commune crus?
- Barolo Cannubi
- Brunate (shared w/La Morra)
- Barolo Sarmazza
What does “stagafassli” mean on a bottle of Valtellina Superiore?
The wines were bottled in the neighboring territory of Switzerland
What Vin Santo DOC is the majority of the export?
Vin Santo del Chianti DOC
What and where is the Rosso Barletta DOC?
- Puglia
- Uva di Troia
Who is the greatest Vin Santo producer?
Avignonesi
-Vin Santo di Montepulciano
When and what was the Goria’s Law?
- 1992
- Introduced the IGT category
Where and what is the Greco di Bianco DOC?
- Calabria
- Greco, principally produces sweet wines via partial appassimento
What DOC does Palari release wine under?
Faro DOC (Nerello Mascalese)
What is Gallura’s climate and soil like?
Gallura is a hot, high-elevation zone with poor, rocky, granite soils
Where is Nuragus di Cagliari DOC?
- Sardinia
- Nuragus produces tart, appley wines
What are the DOCGs of Soave?
- Soave Superiore DOCG
- Recioto do Soave DOCG
Where is the Breganze DOC and what is produced there?
- Veneto, NW of Verona
- Varietal dry wines from both local and international varieties
How many hectoliters of sparkling wine are produced from the Prosecco grape?
over one million
What are the two DOCGs for Prosecco grape?
- Congeliano Valdobbiadene Prosseco DOCG
- Asolo Prosecco DOCG (formerly known as Prosecco Montello e Colli Asolani)
Where is the Offida DOCG and what wines does it produce?
(Promoted in 2011)
- Marches
- Rosso - Montepulciano
- Varietal wines - Pecorino or Passerina
Where is Conero Rosso Riserva DOCG and what is its uvaggio?
- The Marche coast
- min 85% Montepulciano, max 15% Sangiovese
Where does Dogliani’s fame stem?
Luigi Einaudi (producer) was elected as the second President of the Italian Republic in 1948
Where and what is the Melissa DOC?
- Calabria
- Greco
Where is the Greco di Tufo DOCG? What is the uvaggio?
- Campania, north of Fiano di Avellino
- min 85% Greco, max 15% Coda di Volpe
Describe the Vin Santo production process.
- Grapes are hung from rafters to dry, usually until Dec. 1
- Slow fermentation and aging in caratelli barrels
- For 3 to 2 years, depending on the style
- Chestnut is traditionally used, for rapid oxidation
- Modern producers have switched to oak
- Barrels are never topped
- Alcohol is concentrated through evaporation, and gains amber hue
- Final style may be dry or sweet, depends on length of appassimento
- May be fortified, and labeled “liquoroso”
Who is Torgiano’s largest producer and why are they important?
- Lungarotti Family
- They were instrumental in the elevation of Torgiano Rosso Riserva to DOCG in 1990
What are the communes of production of Barbaresco?
Concentrated in these 3: -Barbaresco -Neive -Treiso Also permitted -San Rocco Senodelvio (Part of Alba)
What is required to label Valpolicella “Superiore”?
- an additional 1.0% abv
- A min one year of aging
What percentage of a stated vintage is required for Franciacorta Millesimato? How long must it be aged for?
- min 85%
- min 30 months on the lees
- Not released until 37 months after harvest
How long must Franciacorta Vintage Riserva be aged?
- min 5 years on the lees
- released after a min 67 months
What are the four DOCGs of Apulia?
(All promoted in 2011)
- Castel del Monte Nero di Troia Riserva
- Castel del Monte Bombino Nero
- Castel del Monte Rosso Riserva
- Primitivo di Manduria Dolce Naturale
Which authorized varietal is USUALLY bottled as rosé in Valle d’Aosta?
Premetta
What percentage of Corvinone may be substituted for Corvina in Amarone and Recioto DOCG?
up to 50%
What is the capital of Lombardy?
Milan
What is the difference between Amarone and Recioto della Valpolicella?
- Both dried for over 3 months (Recioto typically for a month longer)
- Recioto is usually semi-sweet to sweet
- Amarone is fermented to or near dryness
What is the aging requirements for Recioto and Amarone della Valpolicella DOCG?
Recioto
-None
Amarone
- min 2 yrs (Jan 1)
- Riserva - 4 yrs (Nov 1 of harvest)
What are the DOCGs of the Veneto?
- Soave Superiore
- Recioto di Soave
- Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco
- Asolo Prosecco
- Bardolino Supeiore
- Amarone della Valpolicella
- Piave Malanotte
- Lison (shared w/Friuli)
- Colli Euganei Fior d’Arancio
- Colli di Conegliano
- Friularo di Bagnoli
- Montello Rosso
- Recioto di Gambellara
- Recioto della Valpolicella
Who discovered Marsala?
- An Englishman, John Woodhouse, in 1773
- He fortified the wine to ensure a safe shipment to his home country from Sicily
What international varieties have attributed to IGT Sicilia’s success?
Cabernet or Syrah
What are the major geographical features of Piedmont?
The Apennine and Alp mountain ranges and the Po River
Who are Abruzzo’s two premiere producers and what do they release their wines as?
- Edoardo Valentini and the naturalistic Emilio Pepe
- Simply as Montepulciano d’Abruzzo
What is Moscato di Scanzo DOCG and where is it located?
- Surrounds the town of Gergamo, west of Franciacorta
- Sweet, passito red wines from a red Moscato grape
What are the important Barolo crus of the Serralunga d’Alba commune?
- Serralunga-Lazzarito
- Serralunga-Cerretta
What is Chiavanesca?
A synonym for Nebbiolo in Valtellina (Lombardy)
What percentage of Pinot Nero is required for Franciacorta Rosé? Can it be made by blending or saignée method?
- min 25% Pinot Nero
- Blending only
What is the most heavily planted grape on Sicilia?
Cataratto
What white grapes are important for the Alto-Adige DOC?
- Chardonnay
- P/Grigio
- P/Bianco
- Müller-Thurgau
- Sauvignon Blanc
- Gewurztraminer
- Sylvaner
What is Pigato?
A synonym for Vermentino in Liguria
What 3 grapes are used in the production of Marsala?
- Inzolia
- Grillo
- Cataratto
What 5 communes are in the Valpolicella Classico region?
- Fumane
- Marano
- Negrar
- Sant’Ambrogio
- San Pietro in Cariano
What is Sardinia’s sole DOCG?
Vermentino di Gallura DOCG
Describe the wines that Dolcetto produces.
Rustic framed, tannic, fruity wines, with low acid
What is the main grape of Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit DOCG and what style?
- Picolit
- Passito
Describe Vin Santo of Tuscany.
- high-alcohol
- almond- and honey-toned
What grapes are used to produce Vin Santo?
- Trebbiano and Malvasia (Grechetto is sometimes authorized)
- Rosé - min 50% Sangiovese added to the white grapes (labeled “Occhio di Pernice”
What does “Occhio di Pernice” mean on a Vin Santo label?
Rosé
What abv is required for Valpolicella Ripasso DOC?
- min 12.5%
- Superiore - min 13%
Where is the Bardolino DOC located?
-Veneto, between Valpolicella Classico and the eastern shores of Lake Garda
What portion of Trentino-Alto Adige’s wine is DOC?
As of 2000, over 75%
How do the wines of Valtellina compare to Piedmont Nebbiolo?
Lighter and more angular
Where is the highly regarded Fattoria Selvapiana located?
- Pomino DOC (Tuscany)
- Located within Rùfina
What is the Valdadige DOC?
A multi-regional DOC that encapsulates Trentino-Alto Adige, along with Verona in the Veneto
What Lambrusco DOC lies in Lombardy?
Lambrusco Montovano DOC
What does Piedmont mean?
“the foot of the mountains”
What are the sparkling wine DOCGs of the Veneto?
- Recioto di Soave
- Recioto di Gambellara
- Recioto della Valpolicella
- Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco
- Asolo Prosecco
- Colli Euganei Fior d’Arancio
What river carved the Valle d’Aosta?
Dora Baltea River
What are Friuli’s most relevant and quality minded DOCs of its ten?
- Collio (Collio Goriziano)
- Colli Orientali del Friuli
- Grave del Friuli
What grapes dominate the Bolgheri DOC? How long must Superiore be aged and what is the min abv?
Rosso
-Cab, Merlot, Sangiovese - max individually 70%
Bianco
-Vermentino (Sauvignon & Trebbiano allowed)
Superiore - min 2 yrs (1 yr in wood)
-min 12.5% abv
What are the sub-zones of Chianti?
- Rùfina
- Colli Fiorentini
- Monespertoli
- Colli Aretini
- Colline Pisane
- Colli Senesi
- Montalbano
What are the aging requirements for Barolo normale? Riserva?
Normale
-38 mos from Nov 1 the year of harvest (18 mos in oak or chestnut)
Riserva
-62 mos from Nov 1 the year of harvest (18 mos in oak or chestnut)
When was the recipe for Chianti DOCG updated to 70-100%?
- 1996
- But as of 2009 only 70% is required
What indigenous Latium red grape has its own DOCG?
- Cesanese
- Cesanese del Piglio DOCG
What is the main soil that characterizes the communes of Monforte d’Alba and Serralunga d’Alba?
Helvetian sandstone soils; they supply more structure in the wines
What type of climate is Piedmont?
A continental climate and the Alps provide a “rainshadow” effect
Who is credited for isolating and creating the first Brunello? When was it released? When was the first Brunello Riserva released?
- Clemente Santi of Tenuta Greppo’s Biondi-Santi in 1865
- He released the first Brunello Riserva in 1888
How long must Brunello be aged?
- Min 2 yrs in wood (4 mos in bottle)
- Not released until Jan 1 of the 5th yr following harvest
Riserva
- min 2 yrs in wood (6 mos in bottle)
- Not released until Jan 1 of the 6 yr following harvest
T or F – Veneto’s Prosecco DOC extends into Friuli.
TRUE
What red grapes may be used to produce varietal wines in Liguria’s Riviera Ligure di Ponente DOC?
- Ormeasco (Dolcetto)
- Sangiovese
- Rossese (Local red)
Where is Lazio located?
South of Tuscany and Umbria on the Tyrrhenian coast
Where is Umbria located?
East of Tuscany, land locked
What are the important indigenous white grapes grown in Piedmont?
- Moscato Bianco (Muscat à Petits Grains)
- Cortese
- Arneis
- Erbaluce
- Favorita (Vermentino)
Wehre is the Collio Goriziano DOC?
Friuli, aka Collio
What is the classic pairing for Lambrusco?
Cured meats
What is the name of Ca’Del Bosco’s prestige cuvee?
Annamaria Clementi
-It is on par with Champagne’s serious efforts
What is the most important white grape in Liguria?
Pigato
Where is Rosso della Val di Cornia DOCG?
- Surrounds Bolgheri
- Promoted in 2011
- Based on Sangiovese w/higher proportions of Merlot & Cab Sauv
What is the Suvereto DOCG and where is it located?
- Formerly a sub-zone of Val di Cornia DOCG
- Borders Bolgheri
- Promoted in 2011
- Based on Cab Sauv or Merlot
What does the Superiore versions of Dogliani and Dolcetto d’Alba stipulate?
A heightened level of alcohol
What are the important Barolo crus of the La Morra commune?
- Brunate (shared w/Barolo)
- La Morra-Cerequio
- La Morra-Le Rocche
What is the capital of Piedmont?
Turin
Where is the Ramondolo DOCG and what is the main grape/style?
- Friuli
- Verduzzo Friulano (Bianco)
- Passito
What are the four DOCs of Molise?
- Biferno
- Molise
- Tintilia del Molise
- Pentro di Isernia
What is much of Puglia’s mass production devoted to?
Vermout, bulk blending, or distillate
What is Vermentino known as in Liguria?
Pigato
What are the required atmospheres of pressure for Prosecco spumante and frizzante?
Sparkling - min 3.5 atmospheres
Frizzante - 1-2.5 atmospheres
What is the Gavi DOCG based on? What styles can be produced?
- Cortese
- Still
- Spumante or Frizzante
What is Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco’s most noteworthy cru and how is it labeled? What is required?
- Cartizze
- “Valdobbiadene Superiore di Cartizze”
- Fully sparkling, generally “dry” w/17-35g/l of RS
What percentage of the production of Emilia-Romagna is DOC?
barely 15%
What is the Trentino-Alto Adige synonym(s) for Trollinger?
- Trentino - Schiava
- Alto-Adige - Vernatsch
Where is the Vernaccia di Serrapetrona DOCG and what style of wines does it produce?
- Marche, inland
- Sparkling reds (dry or sweet)
- min 40% of grapes must be passito
Where is the Lacrima di Morro d’Alba DOC what style of wines does it produce?
- Marche
- Lacrima (rosso) - heady, floral, P/Noir-like character
What are the Barbaresco crus of the Treiso commune?
- Treiso-Pajorè
- Bricco di Treiso
What are the major differences for the Chianti Classico DOCG?
- min 80% Sangiovese
- As of 2006, no white grapes are permitted
- min 12% abv (11.5% for Chianti)
- Must be aged for 1 yr
Where is the Castelli Romani DOC and what are the grapes?
- Lazio
- Trebbiano and Malvasia
What is the traditional dessert wine DOC of Tuscany?
Vin Santo
What geographical features moderate Umbria’s climate?
- Lies in the rain shadow of the Apennines
- The climate is moderated by the maritime wines from the Tyrrhenian Sea
What wine was used to toast the first successful nuclear reaction of the Manhattan Project?
Orvieto
What are the DOCGs of Tuscany?
- Chianti
- Chianti Classico
- Carmignano
- Morellino di Scansano
- Brunello di Montalcino
- Vino Nobile di Montepulciano
- Vernaccia di San Gimignano
- Elba Aleatico Passito
- Montecucco Sangiovese
- Suvereto
- Rosso della Val di Cornia
How long must Moscato do Scanzo DOCG be aged?
A min 2 yrs (no wood required)
Where is the Primitivo di Manduria DOC?
- Puglia
- 100% Primitivo
What are the 7 sub-appellations of the Valle d’Aosta DOC?
- Arnad-Montjovet
- Blanc de Morgex et de la Salle
- Chambave
- Donnas
- Enfer d’Arvier
- Nus
- Torette
What is generally considered the best cru in the village of Barolo?
Cannubi
Where is the Piave Malanotte DOCG located and what is the main grape? What is the secondary grape? What is required of the winemaking process?
Veneto
Raboso Piave (rosso)
-max 30% Raboso Veronese
-15-30% must be appassimento
What are the important Barolo crus of the Castiglione Falletto commune?
- Castiglione-Bricco Rocche
- Castiglione-Monprivato
- Castiglione-Villero
- Castiglione-Bricco Fiasco
What are Friuli’s DOCGs?
- Ramandolo
- Colli Orientali del Fiuli-Picolit
- Lison (shared w/Veneto)
- Rosazzo
What are the DOCGs of Trentino-Alto Adige?
It contains none
Where is Friularo di Bagnoli DOCG and what is the main grape?
- Veneto
- Raboso Piave
What and where is Salice Salentino DOC?
- Puglia
- Rosso/rosato - Negroamaro
- Bianco - Chard, P/Bianco
What is Sardinia’s premiere red grape?
Cannonau (Grenache)
T or F – Primitivo di Manduria DOC styles range from secco to dolce.
False - with the advent of Primitivo di Mandruai Dolce Naturale DOCG, DOC wines cannot be sweet
What is the varietal makeup of Gambellara DOC?
Garganega w/a combined max 20% of Trebbiano di Soave and Trebbiano di Toscana
When did Valpolicella Ripasso receive its own DOC?
2009
What is the Franciacorta style DOCG of Piedmont?
Alta Langa DOCG
- Promoted in 2010
- Only became a DOC in 2002
- Based on P/Nero and Chardonnay
What red DOC is produced in the Orvieto province?
Lago di Corbara DOC
What 3 provinces are in the hills of Monferrato and Langhe?
Asti, Alessandria, and Cuneo
What grape has Aleatico been genetically linked to?
Muscat à Petits Grains - possibly a red-skinned mutation
How many communes may Barolo be produced in? What are the most important?
- 11 communes
- These 5 account for 90% of the demarcated land:
- La Morra
- Barolo
- Serralunga d’Alba
- Monforte d’Alba
- Castiglione Falletto
How does Friuli rank amongst Italy’s regions for DOC production?
3rd behind Trentino-Alto Adige and Piedmont
What 3 regions make up Tre-Venezie?
- Veneto
- Trentino-Alto Adige
- Friuli-Venezia-Giulia
What is the only dessert wine to receive a DOCG?
Elba Aleatico Passito DOCG
What is Tuscany’s sole white DOCG?
Vernaccia di San Gimignano
What is Marzemino?
An ancient red grape and parent of Teroldego, plays a major role in Trentino DOC varietal wines
What are the DOCs that highlight Pigato in Liguria?
- Colli di Luni
- Riviera Ligure di Ponente
What are the DOCGs of Piedmont?
- Barolo
- Barbaresco
- Ghemme
- Gattinara
- Roero
- Barbera del Monferrato Superiore
- Barbera d’Asti
- Dogliani
- Dolcetto di Ovada Superiore
- Dolcetto di Diano d’Alba
- Brachetto d’Acqui
- Ruchè di Castagnole Monferrato
- Gavi
- Erbaluce di Caluso
- Asti/Moscato d’Asti
- Alta Langa
What DOC covers the entire island of Sardegna?
Cannonau di Sardegna DOC
What are the important Barbaresco crus in the Neive commune?
- Neive-Serraboella
- Neive-Gallina
- Neive-Basarin
What style may be labeled Torgiano DOC?
- Varietal wines
- Rosso
- Bianco
- Spumante
What are Cannonau di Sardegna’s three sub-zones?
- Oliena
- Jerzu
- Capo Ferrato
What is the major city of Alto-Adige?
Bolzano-Bozen
What are the important Barolo crus of the Monforte d’Alba commune?
- Monforte-Bussia
- Monforte-Ginestra
- Monforte-Santo Steffano
What is the premiere growing and historically important region for Schiava varietal wines in the Alto Adige?
Santa Maddelena (St. Magdelener)
What is required for Bardolino “Superiore”?
- 1 yr of aging
- +1.0% of alcohol
What styles are permitted for Brachetto d’Acqui?
- dry or sweet
- sparkling or still (increasingly rare)
Who released Franciacorta’s first modern sparkling wine?
Guido Berlucchi in the 1960s
How long must Rosso di Montalcino DOC be aged?
1 yr (no wood required)
What is Sant’Antimo DOC and when was it created?
- 1996
- Provides Montalcino producers an outlet for “Super Tuscan” wines
- Any grape (white or red) authorized in Tuscany may be used
What province is Taurasi DOCG located?
Avellino, in the Irpinia area
When did Antinori release the first vintage of Tignanello?
1971
What two dessert wine DOCs from Zibibbo are on Sicily?
- Moscato di Nooto (exceedingly rare, 70 acres)
- Moscato di Siracusa (5 acres)
Located in southeastern Sicily
What clone of Sangiovese is permitted in Vino Nobile di Montepulciano? And what is the blend?
- Prugnolo Gentile
- min 70%
- max 30% other Tuscan varieties (max 5% white varieties)
Name a modern and traditional producer of Sagrantino di Montefalco DOCG.
Modern - Marco Caprai
Traditional - Paolo Bea
What is the most important DOC of Molise?
Biferno DOC
- Rosso/rosato - Montepulciano & Agliancio blends
- Blends - Trebbiano
What is the name of the ancient Campanian wine and what was the main grape?
- Falernian
- Aminean grape (thought to be Greco)
What province is Chianti Classico DOCG in?
Firenze & Siena
What is grown on Europe’s highest vineyards on the slopes of Mont Blanc?
Blanc de Morgex et de la Salle
What grape dominates the north of Sardinia? South?
North - Vermentino
South - Nuragus
When was Recioto di Gambellara promoted to DOCG?
2008
Where is the Roero DOCG located in correlation to Barolo & Barbaresco?
Opposite the Tanaro River, on the north side
When did the EU Common Market Organisation come online?
From 2008 to 2011, moving power from Rome to Brussels
Describe the wines of Colli Bolognesi Classico Pignoletto DOCG?
Tart, dry varietal wines produced from the Pignoletto in an area stretching southward from Bologna
Where are Ghemme & Gattinara located?
Northeast Piedmont, north of the Po River–straddling the Sesia River
How long must Verdicchio di Metalica Riserva DOCG and Castelli di Jesi Verdiicchio Riserva DOCG be aged? What % Verdicchio is required?
Both - min 18 mos
Both - min 85% Verdicchio
(both can be released normale as DOC)
What grapes dominate the Etna DOC?
Rosso - Nerello Mascalese
Bianco - Carricante
When did the first IGTs appear?
- Introduced in 1992 w/the Goria’s Law
- The first IGTs didn’t appear until 1994
Who is credited in Friuli for adopting the techniques from Germany & Austria in the 1960s?
Mario Schiopetto
How long must Taurasi DOCG be aged?
Normale - 3 yrs (1 yr in wood)
Riserva - 4 yrs (18 mos in wood)
Name 2 modern Amarone producers utilizing new barriques to add spice and density to the wines.
- Dal Forno
- Allegrini
What are the differences between Asti and Moscato d’Asti?
-Asti is fully sparkling, blended from vast vineyards across southern Piedmont
- Moscato d’Asti is rarer, more artisanal
- Max allowed pressure was raised from 1.7 to 2 atmospheres in 2011
- Frizzante rather than spumante
- Made from riper Moscato Bianco grapes
- ABV 4.5-6.5%
Where are Verdicchio di Metalica and Castelli di Jesi Verdicchio located respectively?
Metalica - high altitude, further inland
Castelli di Jesi - NE, on the adriatic coast, within the Conero DOCG zone
What is the grape and sole producer of Breganze Torcolato DOC of the Veneto?
- 100% Vespaiolo - local, acidic white
- Fausto Maculan
What is the capital of Umbria?
Perugia
What are the sub-zones of Valtellina?
- Valgella
- Inferno
- Grumello
- Sassella
- Maroggia
Name 2 traditionalist Barbaresco producers.
- Bruno Giacosa
- Produttori del Barbaresco
What are the 4 original villages delimited in the now Chianti Classico zone by Grand Duke Cosimo III de’Medici in 1716?
- Radda
- Gaiole
- Castellina
- Greve
What are the following requirements of Sforzato di Valtellina: Aging? Style? Min abv?
- Aged for 2 yrs (1 yr in wood)
- Dry in character
- min 14% abv
What and where is the Alcamo Bianco DOC?
- Sicily
- Table wines from Cataratto
What is the governo process?
- Refermentation w/juice of dried grapes, to strengthen wine & initiate malolcatic fermentation – legally permitted
- “Governo all’uso Toscano” must appera on the label
- Most quality-minded producers avoid it
What region ranks last amongst Italy’s wine regions for production?
Valle d’Aosta
Where is Colli Orientali del Friuli DOC?
Friuli
What brand catapulted Lambrusco into the international spotlight in the 1970s?
Banfi’s “Riunite” brand
Name 3 modernist Barolo producers.
- Paolo Scavino
- Luciano Sandrone
- Elio Altare
What is the capital of Marches?
Ancona
What Chianti territory overlaps the low-altitude Carmignano? In what provice?
- Chianti Montalbano
- Prato
What unique process is used to make Amarone or Recioto?
Appassimento
What is the synonym for Nebbiolo in Valle d’Aosta?
Picotendro
What Valpolicella modernist is located in the eastern valley of Illasi?
Romano Dal Forno
Where is the Montello Rosso DOCG and what are the main grapes?
- Veneto
- Bordeaux grapes (including Carmenère)
What are the white DOCGs of Campania?
- Greco di Tufo DOCG
- Fiano di Avellino DOCG
When did Bolgheri receive DOC status? What color wines does it produce?
- 1994
- Red, white, rosato
Where and what is the Sannio DOC?
- Campania
- Dry and sweet passito wines from Falanghina
What portion of Carmignano must be Sangiovese? What else is required?
- min 50% Sangiovese
- 10-20% combined Cab Franc or Cab Sauv
What are the DOCGs of the Marche?
- Vernaccia di Serrapetrona
- Conero Rosso Riserva
- Offida
- Castelli di Jesi Verdicchio Riserva
- Verdicchio di Metalica Riserva
What sub-appellations of Valle d’Aosta DOC are dominated by Picotendro?
- Donnas
- Arnad-Montjovet
What is the main grape and the required minimum for Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico?
-Pinot Nero - min 70%
Where is the Orvieto DOC?
- Umbria & Lazio
- Classico region is solely in Umbria
T or F – Recioto was developed as an extension of Valpolicella
- False - it was modern Valpolicella’s precursor and a historical specialty of the region
- Today, it represents a small subset of the appellations production
What grapes dominate the Bardolino Superiore DOCG?
Corvina and Rondinella
What is the sole component of Dolceacqua DOC?
Rossese, it is also known as Rossese di Dolceacqua
Where is Lagrein native to? Where does it also thrive?
- Trentino
- Alto-Adige
Where is the Soave DOC?
Borders the eastern edge of Valpolicella
What percentage is required to label Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico w/ “Pinot Nero” or “Pinot Nero Rosé”?
min 85% Pinot Nero
Can Recioto di Soave be botrytized?
Yes, it is encouraged
What is Ormeasco?
A synonym for Dolcetto in Liguria
T or F – Most Recioto di Soave is stainless steel fermented,
False - barrel fermentation is common
What is required to label Vermentino di Gallura DOCG “Superiore”?
Must show an additional 1.0% abv - min 13%
What respective areas may be labeled on Amarone and Recioto della Valpolicella?
- Classico
- Valpantena
Where and what is Campi Flegrei DOC?
- Campania
- Falanghina based wines
Where is the Santa Maddelena DOC and what is it for?
- Alto Adige
- Schiava varietal wines
Where is the Teroldego Rotaliano DOC?
Trentino
Where is Traminer indigenous to?
Alto-Adige
What are the aging requirements for Valtellina Superiore DOCG? Riserva?
- 24 mos (12 mos in oak)
- Riserva - 36 mos (12 mos in oak)
When was Albana di Romagna promoted to DOCG?
1987
What is Emilia-Romagna’s second DOCG, awarded in 2011?
Colli Bolognesi Classico Pignoletto DOCG
What are the important Barbaresco crus in the Barbaresco commune?
- Barbaresco-Asili
- Barbaresco-Roncagliette
- Barbaresco-Martinenga
- Barbaresco-Rabajà
Where is Casteller DOC and what is it for?
- Trentino
- Schiava blended with Merlot and Lambrusco grapes
What is Italy’s 2nd most planted red grape?
- Montepulciano
- Most planted grape in Abruzzo
What is Schiava?
- It is the Italian synonym for Trollinger
- German speakers call it Vernatsch
What are the 3 100% Dolcetto DOCGs of Piedmont?
- Dogliani
- Dolcetto di Ovada Superiore (Ovada)
- Dolcetto Diano d’Alba (Diano d’Alba)
What is Picotendro?
A local synonym for Nebbiolo in Valle d’Aosta
Arrange these from North to South:
- Morellino di Scansano
- Carmignano
- Brunello di Montalcino
- Chianti Classico
- Vino Nobile di Montepulciano
- Carmignano
- Chianti Classico
- Vino Nobile di Montepulciano
- Brunello di Montalcino
- Morellino di Scansano
Describe the soil composition of the Monferrato and Langhe hills.
Thinner, calcareous marl and sandstone soils with varying percentages of clay and sand
What is Vernatsch?
It is the German synonym for Trollinger
Italian speakers call it Schiava
Describe the wines of Vermentino di Gallura DOCG.
Aromatic, rich wines and may see oak, although fresher styles are more common
Name 2 modern Brunello producers.
- Casanova di Neri
- Mastrojanni
Does Trentino-Alto Adige produce more red or white wine?
Red
What are the indigenous red grapes of Piedmont?
- Nebbiolo
- Barbera
- Dolcetto
- Brachetto
- Grignolino
- Ruchè
- Croatina
- Vespolina
- Freisa
What are Liguria best known wines?
- Cinque Terre DOC - light, Bosco based white wines
- Despite advances in quality in other regions, these wines of Liguria are still the best known
What was the first still white wine to be promoted to DOCG in Piedmont?
Gavi
Which of the following may be spumante:
- Soave DOC
- Soave Supeiore DOCG
- Recioto di Soave DOCG
- Soave DOC
- Recioto di Soave DOCG
What DOCs are located on the island of Pantelleria?
- Moscato di Pantelleria DOC
- Passito di Pantelleria DOC (superior)
(Near the African Coast)
What DOCG is located on the site of French Emperor Napoleon’s exile in 1814?
- Elba Aleatico Passito DOCG
- Isle of Elba
What style of wine is produced under the Elba Aleatico Passito DOCG?
- Promoted in 2011
- Sweet, red passito
How do the wines of Vino Nobile compare to Chianti or Brunello?
- Tend to be less firm than Chianti
- Tend to be less aggressively tannic than Brunello
- Striking a softer balance
What wine may not be released until the Feast of St. Michael (Sept 29) of the third year following the harvest?
Carmignano DOCG
What was Italy’s first DOC?
- Vernaccia di San Gimignano
- 1966
What is the historical style of Sagrantino di Montefalco?
Passito
Where is Vesuvio DOC located?
- Campania
- Blends based on Coda di Volpe and Verdeca
What is the DOCG in the hills of Monferrato based on the local Ruchè grape?
Ruchè di Castagnole Monferrato
promoted in late 2010
What is the sub-zone of Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit DOCG?
Cialla
What are the 2 common soil types in Chianti Classico?
Galestro - soft, friable, marl-like (Sangiovese thrives on this)
Alberese - sandstone
What is Südtirol?
The Austrian name for Alto-Adige. It means South Tyrol; Tyrol is the southern province of Austria.
What are the DOCGs of Latium?
- Cesanese del Piglio
- Frascati Superiore
- Cannellino di Frascati
Where is the Frascati Superiore DOCG and what is the principal grape?
- Lazio
- Malvasia
What is the aging requirement for Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit and Cialla DOCGs? Cialla Riserva?
1 yr (not released - Sept 1)
Cialla - 2 yrs (not released - Sept 1)
Cialla Riserva - min 4 yrs (not released until Nov 1)
What are the Barbera based DOCGs of Piedmont?
- Barbera d’Asti
- Barbera del Monferrato Superiore
- Both are east of the Langhe in the hills of Monferrato
What are the blend and aging requirements of Barbera d’Asti and Barbera del Monferrato Superiore?
Both min 85% Barbera
D’Asti - 4 months (no wood required)
Del Monferrato Superiore - 14 mos (6 mos in cask)
What is the uvaggio of Morellino di Scansano and how long is it aged for?
- min 85% Sangiovese (aka Morellino)
- Normale - March 1
- Riserva - 2 yrs in barrel
When was Italy’s DOC system introduced?
1963
What may Franciacorta producers release their still wines as?
- Curtefranca DOC (Formerly Terre di Franciacorta)
- Sebino IGT
What soils characterize Montalcino?
Galestro - higher altitude vineyards
Clay - warmer, southern reaches
What DOCG is shared between the Veneto and Friuli-Venezia-Griulia and what is the main grape?
- Lison DOCG
- Tai (Friulano)
What DOC accounts for most of Abruzzo’s white wines?
Trebbiano d’Abruzzo DOC
What is the sparkling classification of Valpolicella?
Recioto della Valpolicella DOCG
What type of wine does Lagrein produce?
Denser, spicer wines
What is Dolcetto known as in Liguria?
Ormeasco
What two DOCs are reminiscent of historical styles of Sardinia?
- Malvasia di Bosa DOC
- Vernaccia di Oristano DOC
What historical DOC may even be fortified and produced in a style reminiscent of Spanish Sherry?
Vernaccia di Oristano DOC
What is the major contrast of the DOC to AOC system?
DOC’s Generally require aging, AOC’s never stipulate
What is the major city of the Veneto?
Venice
What is Piedmont’s most planted red grape?
Barbera
What are fruttai?
Special lofts used to dry grapes before fermentation, effectively concentrating sugars and extract
What DOC surrounds the Conero Rosso Riserva DOCG?
- Rosso Piceno DOC
- Lighter Sangiovese & Montepulciano Blends
How many subvarieties are there of Lambrusco?
Over 60
When can the wines of Carmignano DOCG be released?
The wine may not be released until the Feast of St. Michael (Sept 29) of the third year following the harvest