North America - Brainscape Flashcards
1
Q
Approximately how many acres is Sonoma Coast?
A
≈500,000 acres
2
Q
Bennett Valley is known for what grape?
A
Merlot - it is too cool to ripen Cabernet
3
Q
What two mountain ranges create the Napa Valley?
A
Mayacamas and the Vaca Mountains
4
Q
What two proposals have been made for the sprawling Paso Robles AVA?
A
- 11 district subregions
- Westside sub-appellation
5
Q
What two valleys are located within the Santa Barbara County?
A
- Santa Maria Valley AVA
- Santa Ynez Valley AVA
6
Q
What two valleys divide the Central Valley?
A
- Sacramento Valley (northern)
- San Joaquin Valley (southern)
7
Q
What was Napa’s first sub-AVA?
A
Howell Mountain
8
Q
What was the first Napa Cabernet to release over $100?
A
1978 Diamond Creek Cabernet
9
Q
What was the first year that table wines surpassed fortified wines in domestic consumption?
A
1967
10
Q
What was the most planted variety in Canada in the 1970s?
A
De Chaunac
- Red French hybrid
- Introduced to Canada after WWII by Adhemar de Chaunac
11
Q
Can a wine produced or imported into the US carry a vintage if the smallest appellation is the country it was produced in?
A
No - American or imported - to use a vintage the wine must carry an appellation smaller than a country
12
Q
Chardonnay accounts for what percentage of the Monterey AVA’s plantings?
A
50.00%
13
Q
Classify the following region's climates: Knights Valley Rockpile Carneros Sonoma Coast Alexander Valley Dry Creek Valley
A
- Region I: Carneros
- Region II: Sonoma Coast
- Region III: Alexander, Dry Creek, Knights, and Rockpile
14
Q
Cole Ranch is essentially a monopole of what winery?
A
Esterlina Winery
15
Q
How does Gallo rank worldwide for production?
A
2nd
16
Q
How large is Paso Robles?
A
66,618 acres
17
Q
How large is the Columbia Valley AVA?
A
11 million acres ≈ 1/3 of WA’s landmass
18
Q
How large is the Texas Hill County AVA?
A
≈9 million acres
19
Q
How many acres are planted in the Puget Sound AVA?
A
80 acres
20
Q
How many square miles is the Upper Mississippi River Valley AVA? What states does it span?
A
-30,000 sq miles
World’s largest demarcated appellation
-Spans Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa and Illinois
21
Q
How many viticultural areas are located in Texas?
A
8
22
Q
In 1974, how many wineries were in Canada?
A
only 6
-There had been a moratorium on new licenses during their prohibition
23
Q
McDowell Valley is essentially a monopole of what winery?
A
McDowell Valley winery
24
Q
Mendocino County viticulture is centered on the confluence of what two rivers?
A
Russian and Navarro Rivers
25
Name 3 Central Valley wine giants.
- Gallo
- Franzia
- Branco Wine Co
26
Name 3 species of native North American grapes.
- Vitis labrusca
- Vitis Rotundifolia
- Vitis aestivalis
27
Name 4 RRV producers.
- Dehlinger
- Joseph Swan
- Rochioli
- Williams-Selyem
28
Name 4 winemakers who were mentored by Andre Tchelistcheff?
- Robert Mondavi
- Louis Martini
- Joe Heitz
- Mike Grgich
29
Napa Valley contains approximately what percentage of California's vineyard acreage?
≈4%
30
Nebbiolo has good renditions grown in what two states in the US?
California and Virginia
31
Paso Robles is located within what county?
San Luis Obispo County
32
Robert Mondavi is located where?
Lodi
33
T or F - Chaptalization is not authorized for VQA wines.
False - it is not authorized for late harvest or icewines
34
T or F - Mendocino AVA and Mendocino County have the same boundaries.
False - The Mendocino AVA has stricter boundaries than the county
35
The Bonny Doon Estate Vineyard located in? What happened to the parcel?
- Santa Cruz Mountains AVA
| - It was an eventual victim to Pierce's Disease
36
The Chalone AVA straddles what two counties?
Monterey and San Benito County
37
The Finger Lakes account for what portion of NY's production?
90.00%
38
The Lake Erie AVA is shared between what states?
- New York
- Pennsylvania
- Ohio
39
The majority of Carneros is located in which county?
Sonoma County
40
The San Francisco Bay is located in what large AVA?
Central Coast (spans SF Bay to Santa Barbara County
41
The Sierra Foothills AVA is located on the western edge of what mountain range?
Sierra Nevada Mountains
42
What % of grapes is required to label an appellation by AVA and vineyard?
- AVA - 85%
| - Vineyard - 95%
43
What 2 AVAs were established in Sonoma County in 2011?
- Pine Mountain-Cloverdale Peak
| - Fort Ross-Seaview
44
What 3 winemakers followed David Lett?
- Charles Coury
- Dick Erath
- Dick Ponzi
45
What Amendment was ratified in 1933 to end prohibition?
The 21st Amendment
46
What are Napa Valley's 16 sub-AVAs?
- Coombsville
- Calistoga
- Diamond Mtn District
- Spring Mtn District
- St. Helena
- Rutherford
- Oakville
- Stags Leap District
- Mount Veeder
- Yountville
- Los Carneros
- Wild Horse Valley
- Oak Knoll District of Napa Valley
- Atlas Peak
- Chiles Valley
- Howell Mountain
47
What are the 3 most planted grapes in the Walla Walla Valley?
1. Cab
2. Merlot
3. Syrah
(they comprise 80% of the plantings)
48
What are the areas of viticulture labeled in British Columbia?
Designated Viticultural Areas (DVAs)
49
What are the AVA's of New York?
- Long Island
- North Fork of Long Island
- The Hamptons, Long Island
- Hudson River Region
- Finger Lakes
- Cayuga Lake
- Seneca Lake
- Lake Erie
- Niagara Escarpment
50
What are the AVAs of Monterey County?
- Monterey
- SLH
- Chalone
- Hames Valley
- Arroyo Seco
- Carmel Valley
- San Antonio Valley
- San Bernabe
- San Lucas
51
What are the counties of the Central Coast?
- Alameda County
- Contra Costa County
- Monterey County
- San Benito County
- San Francisco County
- San Luis Obispo County
- San Mateo County
- Santa Barbara County
- Santa Clara County
- Santa Cruz County
52
What are the counties of the North Coast?
- Napa
- Sonoma
- Solano
- Mendocino
- Lake
- Marin
53
What are the counties of the San Francisco Bay AVA?
- San Francisco
- San Benito
- San Mateo
- Santa Clara
- Santa Cruz
- Solano
- Alameda
- Contra Costa
54
What are the dominant varieties of the Prince Edward County?
Pinot Noir & Chardonnay
55
What are the DVAs of British Columbia?
- Vancouver Island
- Fraser Valley
- Similkameen Valley
- Gulf Islands
- Okanagan Valley
56
What are the exceptions for varietal labeling in Oregon? What is the min %?
- min 75%
- Exceptions:
- White and Red Bordeaux
- Major Rhone
- Zinfandel
- Sangiovese
- Tannat
- Tempranillo
57
What are the four large AVAs of California?
- North Coast
- Central Coast
- South Coast
- Sierra Foothills
58
What are the main appellations of Ontario? What was deregulated in 2013?
- Niagara Peninsula
- Lake Erie North Shore
- Prince Edward County
- Pelee Island - was deregulated in 2013
59
What are the regional appellations of the Niagara Peninsula?
- Niagara Escarpment
| - Niagara-on-the-Lake
60
What are the requirements for VQA icewine?
- Producers must declare intentions to the VQA in November
| - Harvest @ -8ºC
61
What are the sub-appellations of Niagara-on-the-Lake in Ontario?
- Niagara River
- Niagara Lakeshore
- Four Mile Creek
- St. David's Bench
62
What are the sub-appellations of the Niagara Escarpment in Ontario?
- Short Hills Bench
- Beamsville Bench
- Twenty Mile Bench
63
What are the sub-AVAs of Lodi?
- Alta Mesa
- Borden Ranch
- Mokelumne River
- Cosumne River
- Jahant
- Sloughhouse
- Clement Hills
64
What are the sub-AVAs of Long Island AVA?
- North Fork of Long Island
| - The Hampton, Long Island
65
What are the sub-AVAs of the Columbia Valley?
- Red Mountain
- Yakima Valley
- Walla Walla Valley
- Wahluke Slope
- Snipes Mountain
- Rattlesnake Hills
- Lake Chelan
- Horse Heaven Hills
- Naches Heights
- Ancient Lakes of Columbia Valley
66
What are the sub-AVAs of the Finger Lakes AVA?
- Cayuga Lake
| - Seneca Lake
67
What are the sub-AVAs of the Mendocino AVA?
- Anderson Valley
- Potter Valley
- Redwood Valley
- McDowell Valley
- Yorkville Highlands
- Mendocino Ridge
- Pine Mtn-Cloverdale Peak
- Dos Rios
- Cole Ranch
68
What are the sub-AVAs of the Sierra Foothills?
- Fair Play
- El Dorado
- Fiddletown
- North Yuba
- California Shenandoah Valley
69
What are the sub-AVAs of the Willamette Valley?
- Dundee Hills
- Eola-Amity Hills
- Yamhill-Carlton District
- McMinnville
- Ribbon Ridge
- Chehalem Mountains
70
What are the sub-AVAs of Yakima Valley?
- Red Mountain
- Rattlesnake Hills
- Snipes Mountain
71
What are the sub-regions of the Baja Peninsula?
- Valle de Guadalupe
- Valle de Santo Tomas
- Valle de San Antonio de las Minas
- Valle de San Vincente
72
What are the top 14 wine producers worldwide?
1. Italy
2. France
3. Spain
4. USA
5. China
6. Argentina
7. Australia
8. Chile
9. S. Africa
10. Germany
11. Portugal
12. Romania
13. Greece
14. Brazil
73
What are the top 5 most planted grapes in Washington?
1. Cab
2. Merlot
3. Chard
4. Riesling
5. Syrah
74
What are the top 6 grapes planted in California?
- Chardonnay
- Cabernet Sauvignon
- Merlot
- Syrah
- Pinot Noir
- Sauvignon Blanc
75
What are the two warmest, driest AVAs in the state of Oregon?
1. Walla Walla Valley
| 2. Southern Oregon AVA
76
What AVA in Sonoma County was established in 2013?
Moon Mountain District of Sonoma County
77
What AVA is conspicuously not included in the Central Coast AVA?
Santa Cruz Mountains AVA
78
What AVA is located within Umpqua Valley?
Elketon Oregon
79
What AVA is shared between Mendicino County and Sonoma County?
Pine Mountain-Cloverdale Peak
80
What AVA is shared between Oregon and Idaho?
Snake River AVA (A single vineyard is planted in Oregon)
81
What are the AVAs of note in the Central Valley?
- Lodi
- Dunnigan Hills
- Clarksburg
- Capay Valley
- Merritt Island
82
What are the AVAs of San Luis Obispo County?
- Paso Robles
- York Mountain
- Arroyo Grande
- Edna Valley
83
What are the AVAs of Sonoma County?
(16)
- Alexander Valley
- Dry Creek Valley
- Rockpile
- Bennett Valley
- Knights Valley
- Chalk Hill
- RRV
- Green Valley of RRV
- Moon Mtn District of Sonoma County
- Sonoma Valley
- Sonoma Mtn
- Sonoma Coast
- Northern Sonoma
- Pine Mountain-Cloverdale Peak
- Fort Ross-Seaview
- Carneros
84
What are the AVAs of the Santa Ynez Valley?
- Sta. Rita Hills
- Happy Canyon of Santa Barbara
- Ballard Canyon
85
What AVA is the Monte Bello parcel located in?
Santa Cruz Mountains AVA
86
What AVA is the Sanford & Benedict Vineyard located in?
Sta. Rita Hills (Santa Barbara County)
87
What AVA of Mendocino County is not located within the Mendocino AVA?
Covelo AVA
88
What AVA of Sonoma County runs parallel to Napa Valley?
Sonoma Valley
89
What AVA shared between Oregon and Washington is centered in Oregon?
Columbia Gorge
90
What AVA was established in 2011 in Washington?
Naches Heights
91
What AVA was established in 2013 in Washington?
Ancient Lakes of Columbia Valley
92
What AVAs are located directly southeast of SF Bay?
- Livermore Valley
- Santa Cruz Mtns
- Ben Lomond Mountain
- Santa Clara Valley
- San Ysidro District
- San Francisco Bay
93
What AVAs are located in the Southern Oregon AVA?
- Umpqua Valley
- Elketon Oregon
- Rogue Valley
- Red Hills Douglas County
94
What bodies of water are the appellations of Ontario located on? What latitudes are they betwee?
- Lake Erie and Lake Ontario
| - 41-44ºlatitude
95
What caused a surge in quality in Canada in 1988?
Free Trade Agreement with the US and a Vine Pull Scheme
96
What county has the longest growing season in California?
Santa Barbara County
97
What county is Carmel Valley located in?
Monterey County
98
What county is the Mount Harlan AVA located in? What famous producer makes wine from here?
- San Benito County
| - Calera
99
What crossing is the Niagara grape? Where in the US does it have a large following?
- Concord x Cassidy (American crossing)
| - The Finger Lakes
100
What DVA in British Columbia produces the most wine?
Okanagan Valley ≈82%
101
What grapes are important in the Okanagan Valley?
- Pinot Noir
- Chard
- PG
- Merlot
- Pinot Blanc
102
What historic piece occupies Sonoma's town square
San Francisco de Solano Mission, built in 1823 by the Franciscans
103
What is Americas oldest winery and where is it located?
- Casa Madero
- Located in Coahuila (borders Texas)
- Est. in 1597
104
What is Monterey's oldest commercial vineyard?
Chalone Vineyard
105
What is Napa's oldest winery? When was it founded?
Beringer in 1876
106
What is required for a wine to be labeled "Estate bottled"
- 100% of the wine must come from land owned or controlled by the winery
- The winery and all the vineyards used in the production must be located within the same AVA
107
What is required to be on the label for all wines produced in Sonoma County from 2011 forward?
"Sonoma County" - regardless of whether or not the label also indicates an AVA
108
What is the "lettuce capital of the world"? What county is it in?
Salinas Valley (Monterey County)
109
What is the climate of the Long Island AVA?
Maritime climate
110
What is the leading premium wine grape in Michigan?
Riesling
111
What is the major growing region of Mexico?
Baja Peninsula
112
What is the max % any one grape may account for in a Meritage?
No grape may account for more than 90%
113
What is the min % for varietal labeling for VQA wines in Canada?
min 85%
114
What is the min % in Oregon for AVA labeling?
min 95% (Federal min is 85%)
115
What is the min % of grape for varietal labeled? Vitis labrusca?
- min 75% stated variety
| - Vitis labrusca - min 51%
116
What is the min % of grapes for vintage labeling in Ontario? What is the exception?
- min 85%
| - Except sparkling wine
117
What is the min % of grapes required for the province of production for VQA wines? What if it is labeled more precise?
- 100% of province
- More precise:
- BC - min 95%
- Ontario - min 85% for appellation and regional appellation
- Sub-appellation - 100%
- Single Vineyard - 100%
118
What is the min % of grapes required to label an appellation by: country, state, or county? AVA? Single Vineyard?
Country, State or County - 75%
AVA - 85%
Single Vineyard - 95%
119
What percentage of a wine is required to be from a stated vintage if it is labeled with an AVA? State or county?
- AVA - 95%
| - State or county - 85%
120
What is the only hybrid allowed for VQA icewine?
Vidal
121
What is the only native North American grape Riedel has commissioned a glass especially for?
Norton (vitis aestivalis)
122
What is the prided grape of Missouri?
Norton
123
What is the smallest AVA in America?
Cole Ranch
124
What is the smallest AVA in Washington?
Red Mountain
125
What is the smallest wine-producing county in the North Coast? What is it's most prominent AVA?
- Lake County
| - Clear Lake
126
What is the variance of alcohol allowed from what is listed on the label?
+/- 1.5%
127
What is the varietal min % for most varieties in Oregon?
min 90%
128
What is the warmest AVA in Sonoma County?
Knights Valley
129
What is unique about the Mendocino Ridge AVA?
It has a height requirement, all vineyards must be 1,200 ft above sea level
130
What may be listed instead of an alcohol percentage for a wine if it falls between 7-14%?
"table wine" or "light wine"
131
What mountain range causes a rain shadow in the Okanagan Valley?
Monashee Mountains
132
What of the following is required to be on the label of a wine:
- Vintge
- Varietal
- Alcohol
- Government health warning
- "Contains Sulfites"
- Name and address of bottler
- "Estate bottled"
- Alcohol (or alternative)
- Gov't health warning
- "Contains Sulfites"
- Name and address of bottler
133
What other hybrids did Ademar de Chaunac introduce from France to his employer, Ontario Bright Wines?
- Baco Noir
- Rosette
- Maréchal Foch
134
What portion of California's production comes from Lodi?
20.00%
135
What portion of New York's grape plantings are vitis vinifera?
Only 1/3
136
What portion of the Central Valley's wine comes from a Gallo facility?
half
137
What prominent producer is located within Livermore Valley.
Wente
138
What region of Canada is not required to adhere to VQA standards?
British Columbia - it is voluntary
| Ontario it is legally enforced
139
What region produces 75% of California's wine?
Central Valley (not an AVA)
140
What soil characterizes the Dundee Hills AVA? Ribbon Ridge? How do they compare?
- Dundee Hills AVA - Jory - provides more elegance
| - Ribbon Ridge AVA - Willakenzie - a denser style wine with darker fruit
141
What soils were deposited by the Missoula Floods in Oregon?
Willamette Silt
142
What species are Concord and Catawba grapes?
Vitis labrusca
143
What species is the Norton grape?
Vitis aestivalis
144
What species is the Scuppernog grape?
Vitis rotundifolia
145
What state is the 2nd largest producer in the US? What is the 2nd largest producer of premium wine in the US?
- 2nd - NY
| - 2nd largest in premium wine - WA
146
What sub-appellations of the Niagara Peninsula in Ontario not included in a Regional Appellation?
- Vinemount Ridge
- Creek Shores
- Lincoln Lakeshore
147
What was the nation's first bonded winery? When was it established? Where is it?
- Pleasant Valley Wine Co
- 1860 - still operates today
- Near Hammondsport in the Finger Lakes
148
What was Washington's first AVA?
Yakima Valley (1983)
149
What wine from Oregon first achieved outstanding results in a French competition?
1975 Eyrie "South Block Reserve" Pinot Noir
150
What year did Andre Tchelistecheff introduce the BV "Georges de Latour"?
1938
151
What year did Paul Draper take over production of "Monte Bello" at Ridge?
1969
152
What year did Robert Mondavi introduce Fumé Blanc?
1968
153
When and where did Joseph Drouhin purchase property in Oregon?
1987 adjacent to Eyrie
154
When did Adhemar de Chaunac plant Chardonnay in Canada?
1951 - 10 acres
155
When did David Lett plant Pinot Noir in the Willamette Valley?
1966
156
When did George Yount plant his first vineyards in Napa Valley?
1839
157
When did Maine abolish alcohol? Kansas?
- Maine - 1851
| - Kansas - 1881
158
When did Mount Eden Vineyards produce its first vintage under its new name?
1972
159
When did Napa Valley become an AVA?
1981
160
When did Phylloxera recurr in the US?
1980s - allowed growers to reasses grapes and clonal selections
-Arguable the beginning of the downfall of Napa Valley, allowing everyone to plant Cabernet even if it isn't good. The diversity of varietals dropped significantly giving way to the 90s boom of ripe Napa Cabernet.
161
When was Ballard Canyon established? Where is it located?
- 2013
| - Santa Ynez Valley
162
When was Chalone Vineyards established?
1960
163
When was Charles Krug winery founded?
1861
164
When was Dr. Konstantin Frank founded?
1962
165
When was Inniskillin established? Where are they located?
- 1974
| - Niagara-on-the-lake
166
When was phylloxera first discovered in Sonoma? What species vines were the original salvation?
- 1873
| - Vitis riparia
167
When was Schramsberg winery founded? By whom?
1862 - Jacob Schram
168
When was the AVA established? By whom?
1970s by the ATF
169
When was the Coombsville AVA established?
2011
170
When was the Sanford & Benedict Vineyard planted? What is it planted to?
- 1970 by Richard Sanford
| - Pinot Noir
171
When was the Upper Mississippi River Valley AVA established?
2009
172
When was the VQA established?
1988
173
Where and when was California's first wine produced?
1783 - Franciscans at San Juan Capistrano Mission
174
Where are the lowest and hottest vineyards in the Sierra Foothills AVA?
Shenandoah Valley
175
Where does the USA rank for consumption in the world?
USA - it surpassed France in 2011
176
Where is "The Rocks" in Washington, what is it known for?
- Walla Walla Valley
- Features basalt cobblestones, similar to the galets of CDP
- known for Rhone-style wines
177
Where is Stone Hill Winery? What is the importance?
- Hermann, Missouri
- 1856 ≈100,000 gallons/annually
- 3rd largest winery at the turn of the century
178
Where is Sutter Home located?
Lodi
179
Where is the Bien Nacido Vineyard located?
Santa Maria Valley AVA
180
Where is the Covelo AVA located?
Mendocino County
181
Where is the Okanagan Valley located?
British Columbia - 49th parallel - one of the world's most northerly regions
182
Which AVAs cover a larger area: Sonoma County or Napa County?
Sonoma County
183
Which sparkling house established in Anderson Valley?
Louis Roederer
184
Who established Mount Eden Vineyards? When?
- Burgundian winemaker Paul Masson
| - 1878
185
Who first planted vitis vinifera vines in the Finger Lakes?
Dr. Konstantin Frank
186
Who first produced icewine in Canada?
Walter Hanlie in 1973 (on a small scale)
187
Who founded Beaulieu Vineyards? When?
Georges de Latour
| 1900
188
Who founded Inglenook Winery? When?
Gustav Niebaum - 1879
189
Who is credited with creating the brand of Napa Valley?
Robert Mondavi
190
Who organized the 1972 "Judgement of Paris"?
-Steven Spurrier
191
Who owns Franzia?
The Wine Group
192
Who owns the Garys' vineyard? Where is it located?
- Gary Pisoni and Gary Franscioni
| - Santa Lucia Highlands
193
Who pioneered sparkling wines in Carneros? What two sparkling wine producers followed suit?
- Gloria Ferrer in the 1980s
| - Tattinger and Codorníu
194
Who was Charles Valentine Riley?
- A Missouri Entomologiest
- First to recognize the innate resistance of American grapes species to phylloxera
- There is a statue of him in Montpellier
195
Who was Nicholas Langworth?
Mid-19th c. in the height of his career, he produced hand-riddled sparkling Catawba grapes ≈150,000 bottles annually in Ohio
196
Who was Robert Prince?
1840s - successfully made wine from native grapes on Long Island
197
Who was the "Count" Agoston Haraszthy?
- "Father of California Wine"
- Arrived in Sonoma in 1849
- Dubbed the "Father of California Wine"
- Introduced 300+ varieties to CA from Europe
198
Who was the first to plant commercial Syrah in Paso Robles?
Gary Eberle
199
Who first identified vitis riparia's innate resistance to phylloxera?
Charles Valentine Riley
200
Who initially introduced important hybrids and grape varieties to Canada? What company did he work for?
Ademar de Chaunac
| Ontario Bright Wines
201
What is the oldest commercial winery in California?
Buena Vista Winery
202
```
List these in order from oldest to newest:
Beaulieu Vineyards
Charles Krug
Schramsberg
Robert Mondavi
Paul Masson
Louis Martini
Inglenook
Buena Vista Winery
Beringer
```
```
Buena Vista Winery (1849)
Charles Krug (1861)
Schramsberg (1862)
Beringer (1876)
Paul Masson (1878)
Inglenook (1879)
Beaulieu Vineyards (1900)
Louis Martini (1933)
Robert Mondavi (1966)
```
203
When was Robert Mondavi's first harvest?
1966
204
When was Louis Martini established?
1933
205
What percentage of grapes is required to be labeled by single vineyard in the US?
95%
206
What percentage of grapes is required to be labeled by AVA in the US?
85%
