General Info COPY COPY COPY Flashcards
Who brought viticulture (as a commodity) to Spain?
The Phoenicians around 1100 BCE, at the city of Gadir (Cadiz)
Who was responsible for the start of Spanish viticulture?
The Romans
In what style were the Spanish wines shipped to other regions?
rancio
How did Rioja affect other countries when phylloxera hit?
It started to supply consumers
What Spaniards famously learned in Bordeaux?
Marques de Riscal
Marques de Murrieta
Why did Spaniards use American oak?
Economic decision
Who are known Rioja traditionalists?
Lopez de Heredia
CVNE
La Rioja Alta
Berceo
Where and when was Cava created?
Latter half of 19th century, at San Sadurni d’Anoia
When did phylloxera come to Spain?
Around the turn of the 20th century
Under who and when did fascism take hold in Spain? When did he die?
Francisco Franco, late 1930s
1975
Who brought stainless-steel and temperature-controlled fermentations to Spain? When and where?
Miguel Torres
Catalonia, 1960s
When were the DO regulations approved?
1970
What does the C in DOC stand for?
Calificada
What is VCIG?
Vinos de Calidad con Indicacion Geografica
How many Vinos de Pago are there?
15
What is the Spanish Crianza age requirement?
Red: 2 years, 6 mos in cask
Red Rioja: 2 years, 1 year in oak
Red Ribera del Duero: 2 years, 1 year in oak
White: 18 months, 6 mos in cask
White Rioja: 2 years, 6 mos in oak
What is the Spanish Reserva age requirement?
Red: 3 years, 1 year in cask
Red Rioja: same
Red Ribera del Duero: same
White: 2 years, 6 mos in cask
White Rioja: same
What is the Spanish Gran Reserva age requirement?
Red: 5 years, 18 mos in cask
Red Rioja: 5 years - min 3 in bottle, min 2 in oak
Red Ribera del Duero: 5 years - min 3 in bottle, 2 in oak
Red Priorat: 5 years - min 3 in bottle, 2 in oak
White: 4 years, 6 mos in cask
What does Noble mean?
18 months aging in a cask of less than 600 L or bottle
What does Anejo mean?
24 months aging in a cask of less than 600 L or bottle
What does Viejo mean?
36 months aging, demonstrates marked oxidative character
What are the 3 autonomias of North Central Spain?
Navarra
La Rioja
Aragon
What mountains are to the northwest of North Central Spain?
Cantabrian Mountains
What is the river of Rioja?
Ebro
What is a tributary of the Ebro?
Oja
When was Rioja named a DOC?
1991
Who is Gonzalo de Berceo
A 13th century Benedictine clergymen who wrote praises of Rioja wine
What is the classic Rioja style?
soft, with muted red fruit, firm acidity and the unmistakable oak aromas of dill, vanilla and cedar.
What are the 3 traditional blending grapes of Tempranillo for Rioja?
Mazuelo (Carignan), Graciano, Garnacha
What grape was authorized in Rioja in 2007?
Maturana Tinta
What are the size of Rioja casks
225 liters
What is the minimum of authorized Rioja red grapes?
95%, 85% if destemmed
What is the principal white grape of Rioja?
Viura
What is the minimum allowed for white grapes in Rioja?
100%
What are the minimum grapes for Rioja Rosado?
Minimum 25% combined Tempranillo, Mazuelo, Garnacha Tinta, Maturana Tinta, Graciano
What are the 3 zones of Rioja?
Rioja Alta
Rioja Alavesa
Rioja Baja
What is the smallest Rioja zone? What kind of wines does it often make?
Rioja Alavesa, joven wines often made by carbonic maceration
What is the soil of Alta and Alavesa?
mostly calcareous clay
What is the hottest subregion of Rioja?
Rioja Baja
What is the winery known for its avant-garde architectural design?
Ysios
Who created the new estate at Marques de Riscal
Architect Frank Gehry
Navarra is adjacent to what?
Northern and Eastern borders of Rioja
What are the major red grapes of Navarra?
Garnacha and Tempranillo
What are the 5 subzones of Navarra?
Valdizarbe Baja Montana Tierra Estella Ribera Alta Ribera Baja
What are the 4 DOs of Aragon?
Campo de Borja
Calatayud
Carinena
Somontano
What is the northernmost DO of Aragon?
Somontano
What is the wind that affects the Campo de Borja?
Cierzo
What does Somontano translate to?
“beneath the mountain”
What does Rias Baixas translate to?
“low estuaries”
What are the five subzones of Rias Baixas?
Val do Salnes Ribeira do Ulla Soutomaior O Rosal Condado do Tea
If the wine is labeled Rias Baixas Albarino, what is the varietal minimum?
100%
If the Rias Baixas wine is labeled with a subzone, what is the varietal minimum?
70% Albarino for Val do Salnes or Ribeira do Ulla
70% Albarino/Loureira/Treixadura in O Rosal or Condado do Tea
Red wine in Rias Baixas is made from what grapes?
Caino
Espadeiro
Mencia
What is the river of Ribeiro?
Mino
What is the origin of the name of Ribeira Sacra?
The large concentration of churches
What is the main white grape of Ribeiro?
Treixadura
What is the main red grape of Ribeiro?
Caino
What is Vino Tostado?
A specialty wine of Ribeiro
What is the main white grape of Pais Vasco DO wines?
Ondarrabi Zuri
What is the main red grape of Pais Vasco DO wines?
Ondarrabi Beltza
What is the basque name for rosado wines?
Ojo de Gallo
What is Spain’s largest automania?
Castilla y Leon