Southern France and the Loire Flashcards
1
Q
The birthplace of French wine
A
Marseilles in Provence
2
Q
Cotes de Provence
A
Provence AOP, 3/4 of Provence production. red, white, rose (75% of production). min 50% Cinsault, Grenache, Syrah, Mourvèdre, and Tibouren, blend of at least two varietals. Saignee or direct press, blending is not allowed
3
Q
Cotes de Provence subzones
A
For red and rose: La Londe, Pierrefeu, Sainte-Victoire, and Fréjus.
4
Q
Bandol
A
Provence AOP. 50-95% Mourvèdre, plus Cinsault and Grenache, max 10% Syrah or Cairignan. min 18 mnths in oak. White: 50-95% Clairette, plus Bourboulenc and Ugni Blanc, +. Rose: mostly Mourv, white grapes allowed.
5
Q
Bandol producers
A
Domaine Tempier, Chateau de Pibarnon, Chateau Radeaux, Domaine de Gros Nore, Domaine La Bastide Blanche, Domaine de Terrebrune
6
Q
Provence climate
A
dry, warm, mediterranean, no fears of rot, organic viticulture widespread.
7
Q
Coteaux d’Aix en Provence
A
Provence AOP, directly south of Luberon. Red: Min. 70% combined Grenache (min. 20%), Mourvèdre, Syrah, Cinsault and Counoise (at least two of the preceding are required). Rose: as red + max 20% white grapes. White: min 50% Vermentino, min 2 varieties
8
Q
Les Baux-de-Provence
A
Provence AOP, west most, NE of Arles. former subzone of Coteaux d’Aix en Provence. Red, white, rose.
9
Q
Provence producers
A
Les Baux-de-Provence: Trevallon (releases CS as Vin de Pays), Domaine Terres Blanche. Coetaux d’Ais en Provence: Chateau de Calavon. Cotes de Provence: Domaine Ott, Chateau d’Esclans. Coteaux Varois en Provence: Domaine de Triennes (releases wines as vin de pays)
10
Q
Cassis
A
Provence AOP. Coastal, between Marseilles and Bandol White wines from Clairette and Marsanne most promising. also red and rose
11
Q
Bellet
A
Provence AOP. Surrounding Nice. whites from Vermentio most promising. also red and rose
12
Q
Palette
A
Provence AOP. surrounding he town of Aix-en-Provence. . only one producers of note: Chateau Simone
13
Q
Coteaux Varois en Provence
A
Provence AOP, surrounded by the Cotes de Provence AOP
14
Q
Cotes de Provence grand Cru classe
A
Only french classification outside of Bordeaux. est 1955, Originally 23 estates, 18 today. Clos Cibonne, Clos Mirielle (Domaine Ott), Domaine du Jas d’Esclans
15
Q
Fitou
A
Western Languedoc AOC. Two noncontiguous subzones: Montagneux & Maritime. Borders Corbieres tot he north and Cotes du Roussillon Villages to the south. One of the regions oldests AOPs, est 1948. Red only: Gr & Carignan + Syrah & Mourv blends
16
Q
Corbieres
A
Western Languedoc AOP. encompasses the Corbieres Boutenac AOC. Fitou and Cotes du Roussillon Villages to the south, Minervois to the north. Red, White, & Rose: blends from a large array of S France varietals. Only a small amount of white produced
17
Q
Corbieres-Boutenac
A
Western Languedoc AOP. northern sub-appellation of Corbieres. Red only: Carignan based blends w/ Gr, Mourv, Syrah
18
Q
Minervois
A
Western Languedoc AOP. Inland, north of Corbieres. encompasses the Minervois La Liviniere AOC. Red, White, & Rose: blends from a large array of S France varietals
19
Q
Minervois-La Liviniere
A
Western Languedoc AOP, sub appellation of the Minervois AOP. Red only: Gr, Lladoner Pelut, Mourv, Syrah + blends
20
Q
Cabardes
A
Western Languedoc AOC. west of Minervois, inland. Red & Rose blends only: min 40% CF, CS, Merlot; min 40% Gr, Syrah; +
21
Q
Malepere
A
Western Languedoc AOC. west of Corbieres, north of Limoux. Red & Rose blends only: Red: min 40% Merlot, + ; Rose: min 40% CF, +
22
Q
Limoux
A
Western Languedoc AOC. west of Corbieres, south of Malepere.
White: Mauzac, CB, Chard (must be oak-fermented);
Red: Merlot based blends;
Methode Ancestrale moussuex blanc: 100% Mauzac. tiny amount produced
Blanquette de Limoux: Trad method mousseux blanc; Min 90% Mauzac + Chard, CB. Frances’s oldest purposely sparkling wine.
23
Q
Cremant de Limoux
A
Western Languedoc AOC. Overlaps the Limoux AOC. Trad Method Mousseux Blanc & Rose: Chard & CB, + Mauzac & PN
24
Q
St Chinian
A
Western Languedoc AOC. NE of Minervois. Red, White, & Rose: blends from a large array of S France varietals. Two subzoes for red only Gr & Syr based blends: Berlou, Roquebrun
25
Faugeres
Eastern Languedoc AOC, East of St Chinian. Red, Rose: blends from a large array of S France varietals; White: Roussanne included blends
26
La Clape
Western Languedoc AOC, directly east of Narbonne. Red: GSM based blends; White: Bouboulenc based blends; no Rose. Former Languedoc Geo des, elevated in 2015
27
Picpoul de Pinet
Eastern Languedoc AOC. White only, 100% Picpoul. Former Languedoc Geo des, elevated in 2013
28
Terrasses du Larzac
Eastern Languedoc AOC. inland, north of Picpoul de Pinet. Red only: GSM & Carignan Based blends. Former Languedoc Geo des, elevated in 2014
29
Languedoc AOC
Dominates the E half of Languedoc but encompasses all of Languedoc-Roussillon from the Spanish border in the S to Nimes in the E; encompasses 12 geographic designations. Red & Rose: generally min 50% Gr, Syrah, Mourv, Lladoner Pelut; White: Blends of various S France grapes; encepage varies by geo des
30
Clairette de Languedoc
Eastern Languedoc AOC near Terrasses du Larzac. White only: 100% Clairette; VDL Blanc, Rancio
31
Muscat AOCs in Languedoc. Which ones produce Muscat de Noel?
de St Jean de Minervois, de Lunel, de Frontignan, de Mireval. Muscat de Noel: St Jean de Minervois, Lunel
32
Muscat de St Jean de Minervois
Western Languedoc AOC between Minervois and St Chinian. VDN Blanc: 100% Muscat BaPG; Muscat de Noel: Xmas wines btled by Dec 1 after harvest
33
Languedoc AOC that produce VDL
Clairette de Languedoc , Muscat de Frontignan
34
Muscat de Frontignan
Eastern Languedoc AOC, just east of Sete, west of Muscat de Mireval. VDN Blanc & VDL Blanc : 100% Muscat PaPG
35
Muscat de Mireval
Eastern Languedoc AOC, east of Muscat de Frontignan. VDN Blanc: 100% Muscat BaPG
36
Muscat de Lunel
Eastern Languedoc AOC. between Montpellier and Nimes. VDN Blanc: 100% Muscat BaPG; Muscat de Noel: Xmas wines btled by Dec 1 after harvest
37
Rivesaltes
AOC occupies most of Fitou and Roussillon including Banyuls and Maur. VDN only
VDN Grenat: 100% Gr Noir; min 1 yr reductive aging, btled by 6/1 of 2nd yr
VDN Ambre Gr (Noir, Blanc, Gris), Tourbat, Macabeu, max 20% Muscat BaPG, Muscat Alex; oxidative aging until 3/1 3rd yr after harvest
VDN Tuille as Ambre, must use Gr Noir
VDN Rose grapes as for Ambre; btled by 12/31 yr after harvest
VDN Hors d'Age Tuille or Ambre; min 5 yrs aging
VDN Rancio Tuille or Ambre
38
Muscat de Rivesaltes
AOC occupying same region as the general AOC. VDN Blanc: Muscat BaPG, Muscat Alex; Muscat de Noel. sweeter, for youthful consumption
39
Maury
Roussillon AOC. Red: Gr based blends; VDN: Blanc, Ambre, Grenat, Tuille based on Gr (Blanc, Noir, Gris), Hors d'Age, Rancio
40
Banyuls
Roussillon AOC. France's richest, most full-bodied & most consistently quality-minded VDN appellation.
Blanc, Ambre, Rose: Gr (Blanc, Noir, Gris), Tourbat, Macabeu based blends;
”Traditionnel” (Rouge): min 50% Gr Noir;
“Rimage” (vintage-dated rouge): Gr Noir + max 10%
Blanc and Rimage: min 1 yr aging
Ambre and Traditionnel: min 3 yrs aging
Hors d'Age: 5 yrs aging
41
Banyuls Grand Cru
A separate AOC from the general. VDN Rouge: min 75% Gr Noir; min 30 mnths barrel aging, 3 yrs total;
Hors d'Age: 5 yrs aging
Rancio
42
Collioure
Roussillon AOC, covers the same area as Banyuls. Red & Rose: GSM & Carignan blends; White: Vaietals & Blends of various S france grapes
43
Cotes du Rousillon
Roussillon umbrella AOC. Red & Rose: GSM & Carignan blends; White: Vaietals & Blends of various S france grapes. high % of Rose produced
Les Apres: Covers several villages in the S ½ of Roussillon w/in the area of Les Apres & the Alberes Mtns. Surah and Mourv based reds
44
Cotes de Roussillon Villages
Roussillon AOC. Northern half of Roussillon, overlaps Maury. Red only: GSM & Carignan Based blends. 4 subzones: Tautavel, Latour-de-France, Lasquerde, Caramany
45
Birthplace of VDN
Rivesaltes, "High riverbanks" in catalan, Arnaud de Villeneuve, a 13th-century physician, introduced the process of mutage as a means of medicinal elixir-brewing
46
Bergerac
Dordogne AOC. SE of Bordeaux's Right bank, The Dordogne flows W through it's center. Red, White & Rose: blends from Bordeaux varietals. Sec denotes dry whites
47
Cotes de Bergerac
Dordogne AOC. Same region as the basic AOP. Not on hills around Bergerac, as the name suggests, just a superior appellation designation. requires a higher min abv
48
Pecharmant
Dordogne AOC. Directly NE of the city of Bergerac, w/in the Bergerac AOP. Red blends only: CS, CF, Merlot, Cot, longest lived wines of Bergerac
49
Monbazillac
Dordorgne AOC. S of the city Bergerac, w/in the Dordogne; sandy soils. Sweet botrytised White & SGN from Bord varietals. Muscadelle does well here on sandy soils; hand harvesting, multiple tries. Most notable of the sweet wine appellations of the Dordogne
50
Saussignac
Dordogne AOC. W of Monbazillac, w/in the Bergerac AOP. Sweet botrytised &/or passerillage from Bord varietals; hand harvesting, multiple tries
51
Rosette
Dordogne AOC. W of Pecharmant, N of Monbazillac, w/in the Bergerac AOP. Sweet White blends from Bord varietals
52
Montravel
Dordogne AOC. S of the NW portion of Bergerac. Red: Merlot based Bord blends; White: Bord blends. Must be dry. Two sub appellations for sweet Semillon based whites: Cotes de Montravel and Haut-Montravel
53
Cotes de Montravel
Dordogne AOC within the Bergerac and Montravel AOCs. Sweet whites from Semillon
54
Haut-Montravel
Dordogne AOC within the Bergerac and Montravel AOCs. Sweet whites from Semillon
55
Sweet white appellations of the Dordogne
Monbazillac, Saussignac, Haut-Montravel, Cotes de Montravel
56
Cahors
SW France AOC, along the Lot R. Red only: min 70% Malbec + Merlot, Tannat
57
Cahors producers
Vigouroux, Clod La Coutale, Domaine de Cedre, Clos Triguedina
58
Madiran
SW france AOC, SW of Armagnac. Red only: min 50% Tannat + CS, CF, Fer. White wined use the Pahcerenc du Vic Bilh AOC
59
Pacherenc du Vic Bilh
SW France AOC, region shared with the Red wine only Madiran AOC. White only: Courbu, Petit Courcu, Gros Manseng, Petit Manseng + Aurrufiac, SB. Blanc: min 45 g/l RS. Blanc sec: max 4 g/l RS
60
Madiran producers
Chateau Montus, Alain Brumont, Chateau Bouscasse, Domaine Capmartin
61
micro-oxygenation
Invented by Patrick Doucornau in Madiran with the Tannic Tannat grape in mind in 1991, technqiue that slowly introduces oxygen, mimics the slow barrel aging process in faster time, sometimes for lower cost. Widely employed in Bordeaux today and elsewhere.
62
Jurancon
SW France AOC. White only: Petit Manseng, Gros Manseng + Lauzet, Courbu, Petit Courbu, and Camaralet de Lasseube
Blanc Sec: max 4 g/l RS (Gros Manseng prefferd)
Blanc: min 40 /l RS
VT: Gros and Petit (preffered) Manseng only, min 55 g/l RS
63
Jurancon
SW France AOC. White only: Petit Manseng, Gros Manseng + Lauzet, Courbu, Petit Courbu, and Camaralet de Lasseube
Blanc Sec: max 4 g/l RS (Gros Manseng prefferd)
Blanc: min 40 /l RS
VT: Gros and Petit (preffered) Manseng only, min 55 g/l RS
64
Irouleguy
SW France AOC, borders the basque region in Spain. Red: min 50% Tannat, CF + CS; White: Courbu, Petit Courbu, Petit & Gros Manseng; Rose: Red & White grapes. dry wines only
65
AOCs for sweet white wines in SW France
Pacherenc du Vic Bilh, Jurancon, Gaillac (Doux , VT, Mousseux Doux)
66
Bearn
SW France AOC, NW of Jurancon. Red & Rose: min 50% Tannat, + CS, CF, +; White: min 50% Raffiat Moncade, + Petit & Gros Manseng, +
67
Tursan
SW France AOC. NW of Madiran. Red/Rose: CF, Tannat +. White: Baroque and Gros Manseng
68
Saint-Mont
SW France AOC, SW corner of Armagnac north of Madiran. Red white and rose, Gros Manseng, Tannat principal grapes
69
Gaillac
SW France AOC, along the Tarn river, east of Fronton, NE of Toulouse. vineyards established by the Romans of ancient Gaul in the first century CE, are among France’s oldest
Red: min 50% Syrah, Duras, Fer + CS, CF, Merl, Gamay
Blanc: min 50% Len de l'El, Mauzac, Mauzac Rosé, and Muscadelle. may be released Doux, Primeur, Mousseux (Blanc or Doux)
VT: min 50% Len de L'el, Ondec
Mousseux Ancestrale: Mauzac and Mauzac Rose
70
Gaillac Premieres Cotes
SW France AOC. dry whites of 11 delimited communes in Gaillac
71
Marcillac
SW France AOC, NE of Gaillac. Red & Rose only: Min 80% Fer
72
Fronton
SW France AOC. between the Garonne and Tarn rivers, West of Gaillac. Red & rose blends only: min 40% Negrette
73
Cotes de Marmandais
SW France AOP, south of Cotes du Duras and Bergerac. Red blends, White & Rose from Bord varietals & other regional grapes ie Syrah, Gamay
74
Cotes du Duras
SW France AOP, wouth of Bergerac. Red, White, & Rose: Varietals or blends from Bord grapes
75
Buzet
SW France AOC, along the Garonne, north of Armagnac. Red, White & Rose from Bord varietals
76
Pays Nantais AOCs
Muscadet, Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine, Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire, Muscadet Cotes de Grandlieu, Coteaux d'Ancenis, Gros Plant du Pays Nantais, Fief Vendeens
77
Muscadet
Pays Nantais AOC. 100% Melon de Bourgogne Large region SW, SE, & NE of Nantes Rarely used; most producers qualify for a sub-appellation
78
Muscadet Sevre-e-Maine
Pays Nantais AOC. 100% Melon de Bourgogne; Sur lie: aged until at least 3/1 after harvest, btled by 11/30, no filtering 23 communes near the confluence of the Sevre & Maine rivers, SE of Nantes; complex soils range: gneiss, silica, clay, granite. 80% of Muscadet productions, 50% bottled sur lie
79
Muscadet Sevre-et Maine subzones
Additional lees aging required 18-24mnths. may not say sur lie on the label. Original: Clisson, Gorges, La Pallet. 2019: Goulaine, Mouzillon-Tillières, Monnières-Saint-Fiacre, Château-Thébaud
80
Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire
Pays Nantais AOC. To the NE of Nantes & Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine. 100% Melon de Bourgogne; Sur lie: aged until at least 3/1 after harvest, btled by 11/30. leaner wines, excellent in warmer vintages
81
Muscadet Cotes de Grandlieu
SW of Nantais. 100% Melon de Bourgogne; Sur lie: aged until at least 3/1 after harvest, btled by 11/30. wines struggle to achieve quality beyond basic Muscadet
82
Coteaux D'Ancenis
Pays Nantais AOC. Occupys part of the same region as Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire. White: 100% PG; Red & Rose: 100% Gamay
83
Gros Plant du Pays Nantais
Pays Nantais AOC. Occupys the same region as the Muscadet AOP. Min 70% Gros Plant (Folle Blanche) + Montils, Colombard (max 10%); sur lie
84
Gros Plant aka
Folle Blanche (Armagnac), Picpoul (Languedoc/Rhone)
85
Fiefs Vendeens
Pays Nantais AOC. Noncontiguous region in the far S. Blends; White: CB +; Rose: Gamay, PN +; Red: PN, Gamay, Negrette +
86
Muscadet producers
Les Freres Couillard, S & V Perraud, Claude Branger
87
Rose only AOCs in Anjou
Cabernet d'Anjou, Rose d'Anjou
88
Cabernet d'Anjou
Anjou AOC. Rose only: CS, CF. may be primeur. min 10 g/l RS
89
Rose d'Anjou
Anjou AOC. Rose only: Grolleau (Groslot), Grolleau Gris, Cab. Franc, Cab. Sauvignon, Cot, Gamay, Pineau d'Aunis. min 7 g/l RS
90
Anjou Blanc Liqoureux AOCs
Coteaux du Layon, Coteaux de l'Aubance, Coteaux de Saumur, Quarts de Chaume, Bonnezeaux, Anjou Coteaux de la Loire
91
Coteaux de Layon
Anjou AOC. Large, south of the Loire R. and Coteaux de l'Aubance. contains the subappellations Quarts de Chaume and Bonnezeaux as well as 7 villages that may append their names. 100% CB; min 34 g/l RS; Later harvest, botrytis; Harvesting in tries mandatory
92
Coteaux du Layon named villages
```
Must achieve higher must weights and are harvested at lower max yields than the basic AOP;
Beaulieu-sur-Layon
Rochefor-sur-Layon
Faye d'Anjou
St-Lambert du Latay
St-Aubin de Luigne
Rablay-sur-Layon
Chaume Premier Cru: min 80 g/l RS
```
93
Coteaux de l'Aubance
Anjou AOC. Along he south bank of the Loire, south of Angers, north of Coteaux du Layon. 100% CB; min 34 g/l RS; Later harvest, botrytis; Harvesting in tries mandatory
94
Coteaux du Layon producers
Pierre-Bise, Domaine de Petit Metris
95
Quarts de Chaume
Anjou AOC. Cru w/in Coteaux du Layon in the NW, in the commume of Rochefort-sur-Loire; band of sandstone & schist on S facing slopes along the Layon R; Potected from the wind and recieves morning mists, good for botrytis. 100 % CB; min 85 g/l RS; manual harvesting in tries mandatory; min must wt: 298 g/l. max yield: 20 hl/ha. chaptalization not allowed. may be labeled "grand cru" tiny production, < 10,000 cases/year
96
Quarts de Chaume producers
Pierre Bise, Baumard
97
Bonnezeaux
Anjou AOC. Larger cru SE of Quarts de Chaume in the commune of Thouarce w/in the Coteaux du Layon AOC; S facing slopes, often delivers botrytis. 100 % CB; min 51 g/l RS; harvesting in tries mandatory. More production that Quarts de Chaume but harder to find in the marketplace.
98
Coteaux de Saumur
Anjou AOC surrounding the town of Saumur w/in the larger Saumur AOC. 100% CB, passilerage or botrytis grapes, min 34 g/l RS
99
Chenin Blanc aka
Pineau de la Loire in Anjou
100
Anjou AOC
Umbrella appellation for the entire Anjou-Aumur region. White: CB +; Red: CS,CF +; Anjou Gamay; Mousseux White & Rose
101
Savennieres
Anjou AOC, SW of Angers, north of the Loire. steep S exposure, unique soil structure: blue schist w/ volcanic debris. Blanc (Sec to Doux): 100% Chenin Blanc but wines are generally dry.
102
Savennieres Coulee de Serrant
Anjou AOC, subappellation of the Savennieres AOC, close to Loir river. Monopole of Nicolas Joly
103
Savennieres La Roche aux Moines
Anjou AOC, subappellation of the Savennieres AOC. close to the Loire R, SW of Coulee de Serrant.
104
Anjou Villages
Anjou AOC. Stricter area than the basic AOP, encompassing western appellations near Angers: Savennieres, Coteaux de l'Aubance, & Coteaux de Layon. Red only: CS, CF
105
Anjou Villages Brissac
Anjou AOC. Occupies the same area as COteaux de l'Aubance. red only: CS, CF
106
Anjou Coteaux de la Loire
Anjou AOC. NW corner near Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire. 100% CB, Passerillage or botrytis, min 34 g/l RS
107
Saumur
Anjou AOC surrounding the city of Saumur in the east. White: 100% CB; Red: CF + CS, Pineau d'Aunis; Mousseux White & Rose. 1/2 the areas production is dedicated to sparkling.
108
Saumur Champigny
Anjou AOC w/in the larger Saumur AOC. 8 villages around the commune of Champigny; limestone is harder, iron-rich, inflected w/ shale. CF + CS, Pineau d'Aunis
109
Haut-Poitou
AOC 50 km due south of Chinon. elevated with the dissolution of VDQs in 2011. White: SB + SG; Red & Rose: CF +
110
Cremant de Loire
AOC across Anjou-Aumnur and Torraine. Traditional method sparkling Blanc and Rose. Chenin Blanc, Chardonnay, Orbois, Cabernet Franc, Grolleau, Grolleau Gris, Pinot Noir, Cabernet Sauvignon, Pineau d'Aunis
9 mnths lees aging, 12 months total from date of tirage
111
Chateaumeillant
Central France AOP, SW of the Loire Central Vineyards. in the Cher Department. Vin Gris: Min. 60% Gamay plus Pinot Noir and a max. 15% Pinot Gris
Rouge: Min. 60% Gamay plus Pinot Noir
112
Cote Roannaise
Central France AOP, west of Beaujolais in the Loire Department. red and rose from 100% Gamay
113
Cotes d'Auvergne
Central France AOP in the center of the country, far from other major regions
Blanc: 100% Chardonnay
Rosé: Min. 50% Gamay plus Pinot Noir
Rouge: Min. 50% Gamay plus Pinot Noir
114
Cotes de Forez
Central France AOC. Due west of Lyon in the Loire department. red and rose from 100% gamay
115
Saint Pourcain
Central France AOC, south of Sanceree and Pouilly Fume in the Allier department.
Blanc: 50-80% Chardonnay, 20-40% Sacy (Tressalier), max. 10% Sauvignon Blanc
Rosé: 100% Gamay
Rouge: 40-75% Gamay, and 25-60% Pinot Noir
116
Chinon soils types
tuffeau, clay, and varennes. The sandy, alluvial varennes soils are closest to the river Vienne—a Loire tributary—whereas tuffeau is more common on the slopes. The vins de tuffe originating from these limestone south-facing slopes carry the most promise for depth and ageworthiness
117
Chinon
Touraine AOC, southern bank of the Loire. Red & Rose: CF + max 10% CS; White: 100% CB (only a small amount produced)
118
Bourgueil
Touraine AOC. north bank of the Loire. limestone and sandy soils. Red & Rose: CF + max 10% CS; NO WHITE WINES
119
St-Nicolas-de-Bourgueil
Touraine AOC. SE section carved out of the larger Bourgueil AOC. sandy, alluvial soils result in a lighter style of wine. Red & Rose: CF + max 10% CS; NO WHITE WINES
120
Touraine Noble-Joue
Touraine AOC. south bank of the Loire, south of the city of Tours. Recreates a historical style of Vin Gris: Blend of Gris Meunier (PM), Malvosie (PG), & PN
121
Pinot Gris aka in the Loire
Malvosie
122
Vouvray
Touraine AOC. North bank of the Loire, NE of Tours, north of Montlouis sur Loire. Tuffeau limestone soil. Min 95% CB, max 5% Orbois (rarely used); sec, sec-tendre (off-dry), demi-sec, moelleux, liquereux; trad method Petillant & Mousseux
123
Montlouis-sur-Loire
Touraine AOC, south bank of the Loire and north bank of the Cher, across the river from Vouvray, a former subregion of. 100% CB; made in same styles as Vouvray
124
Touraine AOP
Umbrella appellation. Red: CF, Cot, + CS, Gamay, PN; Rose: Same as red + many more; White: SB + max 20% SG (new encepagement as of 2016; formerly CB dominated white wines); Varietal & Primeur Gamay; White & Rose Petillant, Mousseux. 5 villages may append their names: Mesland, Azay-le-Rideau, Amboise, Oisly, and Chenonceaux
125
Coteaux du Loir
Touraine AOC. N of Tours straddling the Loir R. White: 100% CB; Red & Rose: blends based on Pineau d'Aunis
126
Jasnieres
Touraine AOC. Sub-appellation of Coteaux du Loir in the NE, N of the Loir R. white only: 100% CB
127
Coteaux Vendomois
Touraine AOC. E of Coteaux du Loir, straddling the Loir R. Dry Rose: Pineau d'Aunis; White: CB + Max20% Chard; Red: Pineau d'Aunis blends
128
Cheverny
Touraine AOC. E of NE Touraine proper, S of the NE trending Loire R. Light Reds based on PN & Gamay; lean Whites based on SB & SG
129
Cour-Cheverny
Touraine AOC, central Cheverny. White: 100% Romorantin
130
Valencay
Directly SE of Touraine proper, mostly S of the Cher R. Whites based on SB; Red& Rose based on Gamay, PN, & Cot
131
Sancerre soils
silex, terres blanches, and caillottes. Terres blanches is a continuation of the same Kimmeridgian clay that extends into Chablis, whereas caillottes is a stony soil, littered with fossils. Silex has a higher proportion of flint, continuing into the communes of Pouilly-Fumé across the river, where a certain “gunflint” character is implied in the wines
132
Sancerre
Central Vineyards AOC. W of the Loire and Pouilly Fume. White: 100% SB; Red & Rose: 100% PN
133
Pouilly Fume
Central Vineyards AOC. E of the Loire & Sancerre, more silex soils. White only: 100% SB
134
Pouilly sur Loire
Central Vineyards AOC. Same region as Pouilly-Fume. White only: 100% Chasselas
135
Menetou Salon
Central Vineyards AOC, directly SW of Sancerre. White: 100% SB; Red & Rose: 100% PN
136
Reuilly
Central Vineyards AOC. Directly S & W of Quincy. White: 100% SB; Red: 100% PN; Rose: PN, PG
137
Quincy
Central Vineyards AOC. SW of Menetou-Salon along the Cher R. White only: SB + max 10% SG. 2nd demarcated appellation in France after CDP
138
Orleans
Central Vineyards AOC. Centered around the city of Orleans mostly N bank of the Loire R, NW of Sancerre, NE of Touraine. White: min 60% Chard + PG; Red: 70-90% PM + PN; Rose: min 60% PM + PN, PG
139
Orleans-Clery
Central Vineyards AOC. smaller sister appellation along the S bank of the Loire. Red only: 100% CF
140
Coteaux de Giennois
Central Vineyards AOC. Narrow band mostly E of & running along the Loire, N of Pouilly-Fume. White: 100% SB; Red & Rose: PN & Gamay blends
