B&K.2+3_P.045

Question 1

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‘45.3
‘3.0
विक्रिया f.

Answer 1

विक्रिया f. vikriyā विक्रिया 1 Change, modification, alteration; श्मश्रु- प्रवृद्धिजनिताननविक्रियान् R.13.71;1.17. -2 Agitation, excitement, perturbation, excitement of passion; अथ तेन निगृह्य विक्रियामभिशप्तः फलमेतदन्वभूत् Ku.4.41;3.34. -3 Anger, wrath, displeasure; साधोः प्रकोपितस्यापि मनो नायाति विक्रियाम् Subhāṣ; लिङ्गैर्मुदः संवृतविक्रियास्ते R.7.3; किमकारणमस्मासु गतवानसि विक्रियाम् Bm.1.911. -4 Reverse, evil; विक्रियायै न कल्पन्ते संबन्धाः सदनुष्ठिताः Ku.6.29 (विक्रियायै = वैकल्योत्पादनाय Malli.) -5 Knitting, contraction (of the eyebrows); भ्रूविक्रियायां विरतप्रसंगैः Ku.3.47. -6 Any sudden movement, as in रोमविक्रिया V.1.12 ‘thrill’. -7 A sudden affection or seizure, disease. -8 Violation, vitiation (of the proper duties); इत्याप्त- वचनाद्रामो विनेष्यन् वर्णविक्रियाम् R.15.48. -9 A preparation or dish of rice &c. -1 Injury, harm. -11 Extinction (of a lamp). -Comp. -उपमा a kind of Upamā mentioned by Daṇḍin; see चन्द्रबिम्बादिवोत्कीर्णं पद्मगर्भादिवोद्धृतम् । तव तन्वङ्गि वदनमित्यसौ विक्रियोपमा ॥ Kāv.2.41.
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DISTINGUISH THIS WORD FROM
विक्रय m. vikrayaḥ विक्रयः 1 Sale, selling; यासां नाददते शुल्कं ज्ञातयो न स विक्रयः Ms.3.54. -2 The selling price; Ms.7.127. -3 The market; विक्रयाद्यो धनं किंचिद् गृह्णीयात् कुलसंनिधौ Ms.8. 21. -Comp. -अनुशयः rescission of a sale; Ms.8.5. -पत्रम् a bill of sale, sale-deed. -वीथिः market. विक्र vikra (क्रा krā) यिकः yikḥ विक्रयिन् vikrayin विक्र (क्रा) यिकः विक्रयिन् m. A dealer, seller, vendor.

Question 2

‘II+III.
‘45.9
‘3.0
चतुर्थोपायसाध्य adj.

Answer 2

चतुर्थोपायसाध्य adj. = ‘(an enemy) to be conquered (only) by means of the fourth plan (i.e. विग्रह )’, ONLY TO BE CONQUERED BY MEANS OF WAR

Question 3

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‘45.9
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सान्त्व n.

Answer 3

सान्त्व n. sāntva n. (sg. and plural) consolation, conciliation, mild or gentle language or words ; sāntva mfn. mild, gentle ; sāntva mfn. sweet (as sound) ; sāntva n. sg. pl. kind or conciliatory language or words: -tas, ad. with kind words. ;

Question 4

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‘45.9
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अपक्रिया f.

Answer 4

अपक्रिया f. apakriyā अपक्रिया 1 Hurt, injury, disservice; fault, wrong or faulty deed, misdeed; चतुर्थोपायसाध्ये तु शत्रौ (v. l. रिपौ) सान्त्वमपक्रिया Śi.2.54; मा कृथाः पुनरमूमपक्रियाम् Ki. 13.64 fault. -2 Paying or clearing off (debts).

Question 5

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‘45.10
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स्वेद्यमानज्वर m.

Answer 5

स्वेद्यमानज्वर m. = ‘a fever that needs to be made to sweat, a fever that needs to be cured by means of inducing sweating via the application of heat’
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स्वेद्यमान = pres. Pass. Ppl of CS X from √स्विद् cl.1 A1. 4. P. () svedate- or svidyati- (A1. svidyate- ; parasmE-pada svidyamāna- ; perfect tense siṣveda- grammar; siṣvide- ; parasmE-pada siṣvidān/a- ; Aorist asvidat- ; future svettā-, svetsyati- grammar; ind.p. -svedam- ), to sweat, perspire etc. ; (svedate-), to be anointed ; to be disturbed (?) : Causal svedayati- (Aorist asiṣvidat-), to cause to sweat, treat with sudorifics ; to foment, soften : Desiderative of Causal sisvedayiṣati-, grammar : Desiderative sisvitṣati- : Intensive seṣvidyate-, seṣvetti- [ confer, compare Greek ; Latin su1dor,sUdare; Anglo-Saxon swa7t; English sweat; German Schweiss,schwitzen.] View this entry on the original dictionary page scan.
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ज्वर m. (gaRa vṛṣādi-) fever (differing according to the different doṣas- or humors of the body supposed to be affected by it;”leader and king of all diseases” )

Question 6

‘II+III.
‘45.11
‘3.0
प्रत्युत ind.

Answer 6

प्रत्युत ind. pratyuta प्रत्युत ind. 1 On the contrary; कृतमपि महोपकारं पय इव पीत्वा निरातङ्कः । प्रत्युत हन्तुं यतते काकोदरसोदरः खलो जगति Bv. 1.76; विषादे कर्तव्ये विदधति जडाः प्रत्युत मुदम् Bh.3.25; Śi. 1.39. 2 Rather, even. -3 On the other hand. प्रत्युत्क्रमः pratyutkramḥ त्क्रमणम् tkramaṇam त्क्रान्तिः tkrāntiḥ प्रत्युत्क्रमः त्क्रमणम् त्क्रान्तिः f. 1 An undertaking. -2 Preparations for war. -3 Marching out to attack an enemy. -4 A secondary act or effort tending to a main object. -5 The first step in any business.

Question 7

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‘45.13
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अकारणम् ind.

Answer 7

अकारणम् ind. Causelessly. OR as n. = ‘no cause at all’

Question 8

‘II+III.
‘45.15
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मत्तदन्तिन् m.

Answer 8

मत्तदन्तिन् m. a furious or ruttish elephant

Question 9

‘II+III.
‘45.17
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कण्ठीरव m.

Answer 9

कण्ठीरव m. “roaring from the throat”, a lion ; कण्ठीरव m. an elephant in rut ; कण्ठीरव m. a pigeon ; ; kaṇṭhīrava m. lion.
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HENCE यथा कण्ठीरवो नागं = ‘as a lion (kills) an elephant’

Question 10

‘II+III.
‘45.17
‘3.0
यथा … भारद्वाजाः प्रचक्षते

Answer 10

यथा … भारद्वाजाः प्रचक्षते = ‘as the Bhāradvājas (a Vedic school) proclaim/teach’
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HENCE यथा कण्ठीरवो नागं = ‘as a lion (kills) an elephant’

Question 11

‘II+III.
‘45.19
‘3.0
कीचक m.

Answer 11

कीचक m. ( cīk-. ) a hollow bamboo (whistling or rattling in the wind, Arundo Karka) ; कीचक m. Name of a chief of the army of king Virāṭa- (conquered by Bhīma-sena-) (AND HERE, IN PL, HIS FOLLOWERS/FAMILY AS WELL) DEFEATED BY Bhīma WHO CAME DISGUISED AS A WOMAN (Draupadī) = स्त्रीरूपमास्थाय (स्त्रीरूपम् आस्थाय ).

Question 12

‘II+III.
‘45.22
‘3.0
सर्वंसह mfn.

Answer 12

सर्वंसह mfn. all-bearing, all-enduring, bearing everything patiently ; LONG-SUFFERING; sarvaṃsaha a. all-enduring, bearing everything patiently: â, f. Earth.
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ALUKSAMASA

Question 13

‘II+III.
‘45.22
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तं तृणाय मन्यन्ते

Answer 13

तं तृणाय मन्यन्ते = ‘they consider him AS (DAT.) grass (I.E. ‘WORTHLESS AND NOT TO BE FEARED’)’ : AN INTERESTING AND SOMEWHAT LATINATE USE OF THE RELATIVELY RARE DATIVE CASE

Question 14

‘II+III.
‘45.23
‘3.0
न जातु शमनं यस्य तेजस्तेजस्वितेजसाम् ।

Answer 14

न जातु शमनं यस्य तेजस्तेजस्वितेजसाम् । =
(B&K) यस्य तेजस्तेजस्वितेजसाम् शमनं नास्ति = ‘whose glory is not ever the cause of eclipse of the glories of (other) glorious person(s)’

Question 15

‘II+III.
‘45.25
‘3.0
शोणित adj.

Answer 15

शोणित adj. śoṇita शोणित a. [शोण्-इतच्] 1 Red, purple, crimson. -णम् 1 Blood; उपस्थिता शोणितपारणा मे R.2.39; Ve.1.21; Mu.1.8. -2 Saffron. -Comp. -आह्वयम् saffron. -उक्षित a. blood-stained. -उपलः a ruby. -चन्दनम् red sandal. -प a. blood-sucking. -पारणा a meal of blood or flesh-meat. -पित्तम् hemorrhage. -पुरम् N. of the city of the demon Bāṇa. -भृत् one having a body (शरीरिन्); स शूलभृच्छोणितभृत् करालस्तं कर्मभिर्विदितं वै स्तुवन्ति Mb.13.158.14. -वर्णनम् description of the properties of blood. -शर्करा sugar of honey.
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FROM शोण a. śoṇa शोण a. (-णा or -णी f.) [शोण्-अच्]1 Red, crimson, tinged red; स्त्यानावनद्धघनशोणितशोणपाणिरुत्तंसयिष्यति कचांस्तव देवि भीमः Ve.1.21; आस्वादितद्विरदशोणितशोणशोभाम् Mu.1. 8; Ku.1.7. -2 Bay, reddish-brown. -3 Yellow. -णः 1 Crimson, the red colour; उरुक्रमस्याधरशोणशोणिमा Bhāg. 1.11.2. -2 Fire. -3 A kind or red sugar-cane. -4 A bay horse; शोण इति वर्णवचनो$श्वजातिगतं वर्णं वदति नान्यम् ŚB. on MS.6.8.41. -5 N. of a male river, rising in Gonḍavana and falling into the Ganges near Pāṭaliputra q. v.; प्रत्यग्रहीत् पार्थिववाहिनीं तां भागीरथीं शोण इवोत्तरङ्गः R.7.36. -6 The planet Mars; cf. लोहित. -7 A ruby; L. D. B. -णम् 1 Blood. -2 Red lead. -Comp. -अम्बुः N. of a cloud which is said to rise at the destruction of the world. -अश्मन् m., -उपलः 1 a red stone. -2 a ruby. -पद्मम् a red lotus. -पुष्पकः the Kovidāra tree. -रत्नम् a ruby. -हयः the epithet of द्रोणाचार्य; ततः शोणहयः क्रुद्धश्चतुर्दन्त इव द्विपः Mb.7.16.19.
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DO NOT CONFUSE WITH शानित mfn. (see śāṇita-) whetted, sharpened (Comparative degree -tara-)

Question 16

‘II+III.
‘45.5
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अलस mf(ā-)n.

Answer 16

अलस mf(ā-)n. inactive, without energy, lazy, idle, indolent, tired, faint
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लुब्धोलसोसत्यः = लुब्धोऽलसोऽसत्यः = लुब्धः अलसः असत्यः

Question 17

‘II+III.
‘45.6
‘3.0
योधावमन्तृ adj.

Answer 17

योधावमन्तृ adj. ‘despising other warriors or despising battle - i.e. not taking it seriously, arrogant, smug, complacent’
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NOTE THAT योधावमन्ता MUST BE SINGULAR (NOM. MASC.) HERE, SO THERE IS NO CHANCE FOR SOME ADJ. LIKE योधावमन्त adj. SUPPOSEDLY MEANING SOMETHING LIKE ‘despised in battle’ SINCE IT WOULD HAVE TO BE THE ONLY NOM. PLURAL MASC IN A LONG LIST OF SINGULARS AND THIS IS NOT POSSIBLE.
GIVEN THIS WE MUST ACCEPT THAT अवमन्तृ IS AN AGENT FORMATION AND CANNOT HAVE A PASSIVE MEANING LIKE ‘despised’
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NOTE; . [JHA P. 406 युद्धावमन्तृ ]
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योध m. (according to to ,also n.) a fighter, warrior, soldier etc. etc. (with vṛṣaḥ-,a bull trained or fit for war ) ; योध m. battle, war (See dur–and mitho-y-)
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√अवमन् = अव + √मन् A1. (Potential -manyeta- Aorist subjunctive 2. sg. maṃsthāḥ-,2.pl. -madhvam- ; Epic also P. -manyati- future -maṃsyati- ) to despise, treat contemptuously etc. ; to repudiate refuse : Passive voice -manyate- to be treated contemptuously: Causal (Potential -mānayet-) to despise, treat contemptuously

Question 18

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‘45.6
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सुखोच्छेद्य adj.

Answer 18

सुखोच्छेद्य adj. = सुखेन उच्छेद्य = ‘easily extirpated, easy to extirpate’

Question 19

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‘45.14
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प्रमाणाभ्यधिक mfn.

Answer 19

प्रमाणाभ्यधिक mfn. exceeding in size, bigger

Question 20

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‘45.21-22
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मृत्योरिवोग्रदण्डस्य … रिपवश्च तम् ॥३२॥

Answer 20

मृत्योरिवोग्रदण्डस्य … रिपवश्च तम् ॥३२॥
THE SENSE OF THE COUPLET IS:
“Enemies submit, just as they would to Death himself, to a king characterized by cruel/ugly punishments. But enemies also think a long-suffering (king) to be like grass.”

Question 21

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‘45.23-24
‘3.0
न जातु शमनं … मातुर्यौवनहारिणा ॥३३॥

Answer 21

न जातु शमनं … मातुर्यौवनहारिणा ॥३३॥
THE SENSE OF THE COUPLET IS THIS:
“What is the point of that pointless birth, stealing away the mother’s youth, of him whose glory is not ever the (cause of the) destruction (शमनं ) of the glory of glorious people?’

Question 22

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‘45.25-26
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या लक्ष्मीर्नानुलिप्ताङ्गी … मनस्विनाम् ॥३४॥

Answer 22

या लक्ष्मीर्नानुलिप्ताङ्गी … मनस्विनाम् ॥३४॥
THE SENSE OF THE COUPLET IS:
“The good fortune [PERSONIFIED AS THE GODDESS LAKṢMĪ] whose limbs are not anointed with kuṅkum powder consisting of drops of blood from one’s enemies, although she may be beautiful, she does not bring (true) delight to the mind of those who are mindful.”