B&K.2+3_P.043 Flashcards
‘I.89.25
‘1.21
परिणामे (LOC)
परिणामे (LOC) = ‘in the end, in the long run’
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FROM THE IDEA OF A FRUIT CAUSING ITS BRANCH TO BEND DOWN WHEN IT IS FULLY RIPE AND READY TO PICK
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परिणाम m. change, alteration, transformation into (instrumental case), development, evolution ; परिणाम m. ripeness, maturity ; परिणाम m. alteration of food, digestion ; परिणाम m. withering, fading ; परिणाम m. lapse (of time) ; परिणाम m. decline (of age), growing old ; परिणाम m. result, consequence, issue, end (in the beginning of a compound and pariṇāme me- ind.finally, at last, in the end)
‘II+III.
‘43.3
‘3.0
परिणामे (LOC)
परिणामे (LOC) = ‘in the end, in the long run’
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FROM THE IDEA OF A FRUIT CAUSING ITS BRANCH TO BEND DOWN WHEN IT IS FULLY RIPE AND READY TO PICK
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परिणाम m. change, alteration, transformation into (instrumental case), development, evolution ; परिणाम m. ripeness, maturity ; परिणाम m. alteration of food, digestion ; परिणाम m. withering, fading ; परिणाम m. lapse (of time) ; परिणाम m. decline (of age), growing old ; परिणाम m. result, consequence, issue, end (in the beginning of a compound and pariṇāme me- ind.finally, at last, in the end)
‘II+III.
‘43.8
‘3.0
येन तस्य वयं कुर्मो नियमं कारणं तथा ।
येन तस्य वयं कुर्मो नियमं कारणं तथा । (?) = (B&K) ‘in order that we may arrange its execution and obtain its object’ THIS SEEMS FORCED, SINCE नियम DEFINITELY MEANS ‘RESTRAINT’ BUT DOESN’T SEEM TO MEAN ‘IMPLEMENTATION’. It makes more sense to take तस्य of ‘the enemy’ and just ignore/emend कारणं , which makes no sense here. JHA (P. 401) tries to offer a literal translation but it, too, is very forced. MAYBE कारणं REFERS TO TRYING TO ACHIEVE SOME UNDERSTANDING OF THE ENEMY’S MOTIVES? BUT कुर्मो SEEMS LIKE THE WRONG VERB FOR THAT. (?)
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*******NO. AFTER MORE THOUGHT, I BELIEVE IT IS QUITE SIMPLE. तस्य MEANS ‘THE PLAN’ (i.e. picking up मन्त्रः in the preceding line as its antecedent) , नियमं MEANS ‘KEEPING IT SECRET’, AND कारणं MEANS ‘IMPLEMENTING IT / ACHIEVING IT’. SO EASY!!!
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HERTEL’S TEXT (PP. 174-176) DOES NOT INCLUDE THIS COUPLET AT ALL
‘II+III.
‘43.7
‘3.0
एकान्तमासाद्य
एकान्तमासाद्य = ‘having retired to a secret/solitary place’
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एकान्त m. ekānta m. solitary place, solitude; exclusiveness; absolute necessity: -m, -tas, in., ab., °ree;–, ad. exclusively; absolutely; perfectly, altogether; lc. aside, secretly: sts. °ree;–=a. per fect, only; a.exclusively devoted to (lc. or –°ree;): -tâ, f. abst. n.
‘II+III.
‘43.9
‘3.0
अन्वयगत adj.
अन्वयगत adj. ‘hereditary, traditional, having achieved office through hereditary or traditional means’
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अन्वय m. (अनु + √इ ) = ‘अन्वय m. ( i-See anv-i-), following, succession ; अन्वय m. connection, association, being linked to or concerned with ; अन्वय m. the natural order or connection of words in a sentence, syntax, construing ; अन्वय m. logical connection of words ; अन्वय m. logical connection of cause and effect, or proposition and conclusion ; अन्वय m. drift, tenor, purport ; अन्वय m. descendants, race, lineage, family. ‘
‘II+III.
‘43.12
‘3.0
कालप्रहर्तृ m.
कालप्रहर्तृ m. = ‘one who attacks at a specific time’ (I.E. THE OWLS ATTACK ONLY AT NIGHT)
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प्रहर्तृ a. prahartṛ प्रहर्तृ a. or s. 1 One who strikes or beats, an assailant. -2 Fighting, a combatant, fighter. -3 Shooting, a shooter, an archer.
‘II+III.
‘43.15
‘3.0
निम्नगा f.
निम्नगा f. “going downwards, descending”, a river, mountain-stream etc. (FEMININE GENDER IS EITHER FROM अप् f. (in Vedic or Veda used in singular and plural,but in the classical language only in plural, /āpas-) water OR MAYBE JUST नदी f, ‘river’)
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निम्नग n. ‘water’
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निम्नगत mfn. going in deep or low places ; निम्नगत n. a low place ;
‘II+III.
‘43.15
‘3.0
प्रतीप adj.
प्रतीपे LOC HERE? BOTH JHA (P. 402) AND HERTEL (P. 175), WHO PRINTS THIS COUPLET WITH AN ASTERISK, DO BETTER TO READ प्रतीपमिव (I.E. ADV) AS THIS SEEMS BETTER THAN EMENDING NOM PL निम्नगाः TO NOM SG निम्नगः (I.E. प्रतीपः + निम्नगः )
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प्रतीप adj. pratīpa प्रतीप a. [प्रतिगताः आपो यत्र, प्रतिअप् अच्, अप ईप् च्] 1 Contrary, unfavourable, adverse, opposite;
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VS. अन्वीप anvīpa अन्वीप a. [अनुगता आपो यत्र] 1 Near the water, situated near water. -2 Attainable or friendly.
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CF.
प्रतिकूल VS. अनुकूल
AND
प्रतिलोम VS. अनुलोम
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प्रतीप adj. pratīpa प्रतीप a. [प्रतिगताः आपो यत्र, प्रतिअप् अच्, अप ईप् च्] 1 Contrary, unfavourable, adverse, opposite;
तत्प्रतीप- पवनादि वैकृतम् R.11.62; Ki.14.6. -2 Reverse, inverted, out of order. -3 Backward, retrograde. -4 Disagreeable, displeasing. -5 Refractory, disobedient, obstinate, perverse; प्रेष्यः प्रतीपो$धिकृतः प्रमादी (त्याज्याः) Pt.1.424. -6 Turned away, averted. -7 Meeting, encountering. -8 Hindering. -पः 1 N. of a king, father of Śantanu and grand-father of Bhīṣma. -2 An adversary, opponent; चरति मयि रणे यश्च यश्च प्रतीपः Ve.3.32. -पम् N. of a figure of speech in which the usual form of comparison is inverted, the उपमान being compared with the उपमेय; प्रतीपमुपमानस्याप्युपमेयत्वकल्पनम् । त्वल्लोचनसमं पद्मं त्वद्वक्त्रसदृशो विधुः ॥ Chandr.5.9; (for fuller definitions and explanation see K. P.1 under प्रतीप). -पम् ind. 1 On the contrary. -2 In an inverted order. -3 Against, in opposition to; भर्तृर्विप्रकृतापि रोषणतया मा स्म प्रतीपं गमः Ś.4.18. -Comp. -उक्तिः contradiction. -ग a. 1 going against. -2 adverse, unfavourable; तस्य जातु मरुतः प्रतीपगाः R.11.58. -गमनम्, -गतिः f. retrograde motion; अम्भसामोघसंरोधः प्रतीपगमनादिव Ku.2.25. -तरणम् going or sailing against the stream; स्रोतोजवोह्य- मानस्य प्रतीपतरणं हि तत् V.2.5. -दर्शिनी a woman. -दीपकम् a particular figure of speech. -वचनम् 1 contradiction. -2 a perverse or evasive manner of speaking. -विपाकिन् a. producing the opposite result (recoiling on the doer); फलमनुभवत्युग्रं पापः प्रतीपविपाकिनः Māl.5.26.
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VS. अन्वीप anvīpa अन्वीप a. [अनुगता आपो यत्र] 1 Near the water, situated near water. -2 Attainable or friendly.
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CF. प्रतिकूल VS. अनुकूल AND प्रतिलोम VS. अनुलोम
‘II+III.
‘43.15
‘3.0
निम्न adj.
निम्न adj. nimna निम्न a. 1 Deep (lit. and fig.); चकितहरिणीप्रेक्षणा निम्न- नाभिः Me.84; Ṛs.5.12; Śi.1.58. -2 Low, depressed. -म्न 1 Depth, low ground, low land; (कः) पयश्च निम्नाभिमुखं प्रतीपयेत् Ku.5.5; न च निम्नादिव सलिलं निवर्तते मे ततो हृदयम् Ś.3.2. (v. l.); Y.2.151; Ṛs.2.13. -2 A slope, declivity. -3 A gap, chasm in the ground; यो नेमिनिम्नैरकरोच्छायां घ्नन् सप्त वारिधीन् Bhāg.5.1.39. -4 A depression, low part; जलनिबिडितवस्त्रव्यक्तनिम्नोन्नताभिः Māl.4.1. -5 A mean act (हीनकर्म); निम्नेष्वीहां करिष्यन्ति हेतुवादविमोहिताः Mb.3.19.26. -Comp. -अभिमुख a. flowing downwards; क ईप्सितार्थस्थिरनिश्चयं मनः पयश्च निम्ना- भिमुखं प्रतीपयेत् Ku.5.5. -उन्नत a. low and high, depressed and elevated, uneven. -गतम् a low place. -गा a river, a mountain-stream; उदधेरिव निम्नगाशतेष्व- भवन्नास्य विमानना क्वचित् R.8.8. -नाभि a. slender, thin.
‘II+III.
‘43.22
‘3.0
अराति m.
अराति m. [I.E. = न राति = ‘NOT RECONCILED, NOT PLEASED WITH’] arātiḥ अरातिः [न राति ददाति सुखं, रा-क, न. त.] 1 An enemy, foe; देशः सो$यमरातिशोणितजलैर्यस्मिन् ह्रदाः पूरिताः Ve.3.33; अरातिं बह्वमन्यत R.12.89. (in the Veda) non-offering (of sacrifices), stinginess, hardness, malignity, malevolence, failure or adversity; malignity personified; evil spirit whose aim it was to defeat the good intentions and disturb the happiness of man (used in f.). -2 The number six. -3 The sixth position in (astronomy). -Comp. -दूषण, -दूषि, -ह a. Ved/ destroying adversities or enemies; Av.19.34.4. -भङ्गः destruction of enemies.
‘II+III.
‘43.25
‘3.0
युध्यताम् (verb form)
युध्यताम् (verb form) THIS IS NOT A MIDDLE/PASSIVE 3RD SG. IMV HERE BUT RATHER AN ACTIVE (PARASMAIPADA) GEN. PL. M. PRES. ACT. PPL. FORM OF A CLASS IV VERB = ‘OF THOSE FIGHTING’
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युध् cl.4 A1. () y/udhyate- (rarely P. ti-; cl.1 P. yodhati- ; imperative y/otsi- ; perfect tense yuy/odha-, yuyudh/e- etc.; Aorist Ved. yodhi-, yodhat-, yodhān/a-; ayodhīt-, yodhiṣat-; yutsmahi-; Epic yotsīs-;Class. ayuddha-; future yoddhā- ; yotsyati-, te- etc.; infinitive mood yudh/e-or yudh/aye- ; yudham- ; yoddhum- ; ind.p. -yuddhvī- ; -yudhya- ), to fight, wage war, oppose or (rarely) overcome in battle ; to fight with (instrumental case,also with saha-, samam-) or for (locative case) or against (accusative) etc. ; (y/udhyati-), to go ; to move, fluctuate (as waves) (confer, compare on ) : Passive voice yudhyate-, to be fought (also impersonal or used impersonally) (varia lectio): Causal yodh/ayati- (; mc. also te-; Aorist ayūyudhat- ; Passive voice yodhyate- ), to cause to fight, lead to war, engage in battle etc. ; to oppose or overcome in war, be a match for (accusative) etc. ; to defend : Desiderative y/uyutsati-, te- (P.in Class. only mc.) , to be desirous or anxious to fight, wish to fight with (instrumental case) etc.: Causal of Desiderative yuyutsayati-, to make desirous of fighting : Intensive yoyudhyate-, yoyoddhi- (confer, compare yavīy/udh-) grammar ([ confer, compare Zend yud; Greek .])
‘II+III.
‘43.26
‘3.0
ऊर्ध्वम् ind. +ABL
ऊर्ध्वम् ind. +ABL in the sequel, in the later part (exempli gratia, ‘for example’ of a book or manuscript;because in Sanskrit manuscripts the later leaves stand above), subsequent, after (with ablative)
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SO उपायत्रितयादूर्ध्वं HERE = ‘only after having tried ‘the triad of 3 plans’ MEANING THE 3 OF THE 5 TYPES OF PLAN THAT COME BEFORE yuddha IN THE STANDARD LIST OF 5 (I.E. AFTER sāma , dāma , AND daṇḍa ) - ALTHOUGH THESE DO NOT SEEM TO SQUARE WITH ‘trickery’ (द्यूतेन ) - AND daṇḍa IS THE SAME AS युद्ध AND विग्रह . SO THIS WHOLE COULPLET IS MURKY.
‘II+III.
‘43.26
‘3.0
उपायत्रितय n.
उपायत्रितय n. ‘the triad of 3 plans’ MEANING THE 3 OF THE 5 TYPES OF PLAN THAT COME BEFORE yuddha IN THE STANDARD LIST OF 5 (I.E. AFTER sāma , dāma , AND daṇḍa ) - ALTHOUGH THESE DO NOT SEEM TO SQUARE WITH ‘trickery’ (द्यूतेन ) - AND daṇḍa IS THE SAME AS युद्ध AND विग्रह . SO THIS WHOLE COULPLET IS MURKY.
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त्रितय n. () a triad = त्रितय n. equals त्रय -traya- n.
‘II+III.
‘43.3
‘3.0
यो न पृष्टो हितं ब्रूते
यो न पृष्टो हितं ब्रूते …
DESPITE THE WORD ORDER - AND THE (AT FIRST SIGHT) SEEMINGLY PARALLEL अपृष्टेन TWO LINES ABOVE IN LINE 1 - THE न HAS TO GO WITH ब्रूते AND NOT WITH पृष्टो - AND THIS IS THE WAY JHA (P. 401) TAKES IT. OTHERWISE THE WHOLE COUPLET MAKES ABSOLUTELY NO SENSE
SO, REALLY, IT WOULD JUST BE BEST HERE TO EMEND PADA A TO:
यो पृष्टो न हितं ब्रूते
- OR TO OTHERWISE EMEND THIS COUPLET.
‘II+III.
‘43.14-15
‘3.0
बलीयसि … निम्नगाः ॥८॥
बलीयसि … निम्नगाः ॥८॥
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ACCORDING TO JHA (P. 402) THE SENSE OF THE COUPLET IS SOMETHING LIKE THIS:
“Of those bowing down to one more powerful - even if they do fight against him when the time is right (OR ‘AND FIGHTING AGAINST HIM WHEN THE TIME IS RIGHT’)- (of them) the assets/resources/good lucks do not go away - just as rivers do not flow against their banks (READING प्रतीपम् AS ADV.) “
