B&K.2+3_P.015

Question 1

‘II+III.
‘15.2
‘2.1
निधान n.

Answer 1

निधान n. nidhānam निधानम् 1 Putting down, laying down, depositing. -2 Keeping, preserving. -3 Place where anything is placed, a receptacle, reservoir; निधानं धर्माणाम् G. L.18. -4 Treasure; निधानगर्भामिव सागराम्बराम् R.3.9; Bg.9.18; विद्यैव लोकस्य परं निधानम् Subhāṣ. -5 Hoard, store, property, wealth. -6 A place of cessation or rest. -7 A deposit; Ms.8.36.

Question 2

‘II+III.
‘15.2
‘2.1
√प्रकूर्द् = प्र + √कूर्द् = P. -kūrdati-

Answer 2

√प्रकूर्द् = प्र + √कूर्द् = P. -kūrdati-, to jump forward, leap about
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√कूर्द् cl.1 P. A1. kūrdati-, te- (perf. cukūrda- ; Aorist akūrdiṣṭa- ), to leap, jump : A1. kūrdate-, to play

Question 3

‘II+III.
‘15.2
‘2.1
ऊष्मन् m.

Answer 3

ऊष्मन् m. ūṣman ऊष्मन् m. 1 Heat, warmth. -2 The hot season, summer. -3 Steam, vapour, exhalation. -4 Ardour, passion, violence. -5 (In gram.) The sounds श्, ष्, स् and ह्; applied also to ष्क्, ष्प्, अं and अः. -Comp. -अन्त ending in an Ūṣman. -अन्तस्थाः (m. pl.) the sounds called Ūṣman and semivowels. -उपगमः approach of summer. -पः a. drinking the steam of hot food; Mb.12.284.8. (-पः) 1 fire; गुणारणिच्छन्न- चिदुष्मपाय Bhāg.8.3.16. -2 a class of manes (pl.). Bg.11.22; अत्रोष्मपाणां देवानां निवासः श्रुयते द्विज Mb.5.19. 2. (‘ऊष्मपाणां उष्णान्नभोजिनाम्’ इति भाष्यकारः.)

Question 4

‘II+III.
‘15.3
‘2.1
वृद्धिं √नी (for 1.See) cl.1 P. A1. () nayati- te-

Answer 4

वृद्धिं √नी (for 1.See) cl.1 P. A1. () nayati- te- = ‘to lead ACC to increase, to cause ACC to grow’
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SO, HERE = ‘Heat born of wealth causes the तपस् of embodied creatures to increase.’

Question 5

‘II+III.
‘15.7
‘2.1
शाण्डिलीमाता f.

Answer 5

शाण्डिलीमाता IS NOM OF शाण्डिलीमातृ f. = ‘Mama Shandili’ (a single-word Kharmadharaya compound)

Question 6

‘II+III.
‘15.7
‘2.1
लुञ्चित adj.

Answer 6

लुञ्चित adj. luñcita लुञ्चित p. p. 1 Peeled. -2 Plucked, plucked out, torn off. -Comp. -केशः one having the hair torn out; जटिलो मुण्डी लुञ्चितकेशः Charpat. S.4.
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PPP √लुञ्च् cl.1 P. () luñcati- (perfect tense luluñca-, ce- etc.; Aorist aluñcīt- grammar; future luñcitā-, luñciṣyati- ; ind.p. luñcitvā-,or lucitvā- ; -lucya- ), to pluck, pull out, tear off etc. ; to peel, husk

Question 7

‘II+III.
‘15.10
‘2.2
प्रावृष् f.

Answer 7

[प्रावृट्काले = ‘at the time of the rainy season’]
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प्रावृष् f. (fr. pra-vṛṣ-) the rainy season, wet season, rains (the months āṣāḍha- and śravaṇa-, comprising the first half of the rainy season which lasts in some parts from the middle of June till the middle of October)
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प्रावृट् in compound for prāvṛṣ-. ; प्रावृट्काल m. the rainy season ; प्रावृट्कालवह mf(ā-)n. (a river) flowing only in the rainy season ; prāvṛṭkāla m. rainy season: -vaha, a. flowing only during the rains (river).

Question 8

‘II+III.
‘15.10
‘2.2
शुश्रूषित adj.

Answer 8

शुश्रूषित adj. = HONOURED (B&K); ‘helped, served, obliged, honored, obeyed’ = PPP of शुश्रूषयति = (Causal of Desiderative FROM श्रु ‘to hear’ cl.5 P. () śṛṇ/oti- (Vedic or Veda and Epic also A1. śṛṇute-) Causal of Desiderative śuśrūṣayati-, to wait upon, be at the service of (accusative) on :
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शृणोति = PRESENT ACTIVE
श्रूयते = PRESENT PASSIVE
श्रोष्यति = FUTURE ACTIVE
श्रावयति = PRESENT ACTIVE CAUSATIVE
श्राव्यते = PRESENT PASSIVE CAUSATIVE
सुश्रूषति = PRESENT ACTIVE DESIDERATIVE
सुश्रूषयति = PRESENT ACTIVE DESIDERATIVE CAUSATIVE

Question 9

‘II+III.
‘15.13
‘2.2
अवधान n.

Answer 9

अवधान n. attention, attentiveness, intentness
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दत्तावधान mfn. attentive
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sāvadhāna सावधान a. 1 Attentive, bestowing attention, careful, heedful. -2 Cautious. -3 Diligent. -नम् ind. Carefully, attentively, cautiously.

Question 10

‘I.40.5
1.5
प्रभाते indc.

Answer 10

प्रभाते prabhāte early in the morning

Question 11

‘II+III.
‘15.13
‘2.2
प्रभाते indc.

Answer 11

प्रभातेprabhāte early in the morning

Question 12

‘II+III.
‘15.14
‘2.2
दक्षिणायनसंक्रान्ति f.

Answer 12

दक्षिणायनसंक्रान्ति f. -samkrânti, f. SUMMER SOLSTICE
entrance of the sun on the southerly course, summer solstice. ;
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dakṣiṇāyana n. southern path (i. e. to the realm of death); southerly course of the sun, the half-year in which the sun moves from north to south (from summer to winter solstice);commencement of the sun’s southward course = summer solstice (in the month Áshâdha): -samkrânti, f. entrance of the sun on the southerly course, summer solstice.

Question 13

‘II+III.
‘15.14
‘2.2
प्रतिग्रह m.

Answer 13

प्रतिग्रह m. receiving, accepting, acceptance of gifts (as the peculiar prerogative of Brahmans; see ) etc. (grahaṃ-kṛ-,to receive presents ) ; pratigrahaḥ प्रतिग्रहः 1 Receiving, accepting. -2 Receiving or accepting a donation; अयाचितोपपन्ने तु नास्ति दोषः प्रतिग्रहे -3 The right of receiving or accepting a donation. -4 The right of receiving gifts (which is a peculiar prerogative of Brāhmaṇas); अध्यापनमध्ययनं यजनं याजनं तथा । दानं प्रतिग्रहं चैव ब्राह्मणानामकल्पयत् ॥ Ms.1.88;4.86; Y.1.118 -5 A gift, present, donation; राज्ञः प्रतिग्रहो$यम् Ś.1; Śi.14.35. -6 A receiver (of a gift). -7 Kind or friendly reception; प्रतिग्रहाय पाण्डूनां प्रेषयामास कौरवान् Mb.1.27.12. -8 Favour, grace. -9 Marrying; तत्प्रतिग्रहलाभाय जित्वा भूपान् स्वयंवरे Bm.1.456. -1 Listening to. -11 The rear of an army. -12 A spitting-pot. -13 The sun near the moon’s node. -14 a chambervessel (for sick persons). -15 a grasper, seizer; केश- प्रतिग्रहः = barber.

Question 14

‘II+III.
‘15.15
‘2.2
उद्देश m.

Answer 14

उद्देश m.uddeśaḥ उद्देशः -1 Upper region, high position.
[I THINK IT MAY REFER TO MIDSUMMER, WHEN THE SUN IS AT THE TOP OF THE ANALEMMA - CF ON THE PREVIOUS LINE HERE: दक्षिणायनसंक्रान्ति f. -samkrânti, f. SUMMER SOLSTICE - OR PERHAPS JUST TO THE ZENITH ON THAT DAY, WHICH IS IN ANY CASE THE HIGHEST POINT THE SUN REACHES ALL YEAR.]
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1 Pointing to or at, directing; सूर्योद्देशेन तिला दातव्याः Pt.2 in the name of. -2 Mention, specification; सार्धप्रहरद्वयोद्देशे Pt.5; स्वरसंस्कारोद्देशः Nir. -3 Illustration, explanation, exemplification. -4 Ascertainment, determination, inquiry, investigation, search. -5 A brief statement or account; एष तूद्देशतः प्रोक्तो विभूतेर्विस्तरो मया Bg.1.4; Mb.8.69.54. -6 Assignment, allotment. -7 Stipulation, bargain. -8 Object, motive; कृतोद्देशः स बीभत्सुः Mb.3.158.3. -9 A spot, region, place; अहो प्रवातसुभगोयमुद्देशः Ś.3; M.3; वन˚ a part of the forest. -1 Upper region, high position. -11 (In phil.) The enunciation of a thing by its name (which is to be further discussed and explained), the other two processes being लक्षण and परीक्षा. -Comp. -पदम् The term (or terms) which form the subject; नात्रैषा वचनव्यक्तिः ये यजमाना इत्युद्देशपदम्, ऋत्विजः इति विधेयपदम् । ŚB. on MS.6.6.2.

Question 15

‘II+III.
‘15.19
‘2.2
मिष्ट adj.

Answer 15

मिष्ट adj. miṣṭa मिष्ट a. [मिष्-क्त] 1 Sweet. -2 Dainty, savoury; किं मिष्टमन्नं खरसूकराणाम्; cf. ‘why cast pearls before swine.’ -3 Moistened, wetted. -ष्टम् 1 A sweetmeat. -2 A dainty or savoury dish. -ष्टा Sweetness. ˚निम्बू sweet citron. -Comp. -अन्नम् sweet or savoury food, dainty, sweets; कन्या वरयते रूपं …… मिष्टान्नमितरेजनाः Subhāṣ. -कर्तृ m. a skilful cook (maker of dainties; Mar. हलवाई).

Question 16

‘II+III.
‘15.21
‘2.2
ग्रास m.

Answer 16

(“Why is not this half(-portion) from our food given to suppliants? Wealth matching desires - who will ever have that, or when?”) IN OTHER WORDS, NO ONE EVER HAS AS MUCH AS THEY WOULD LIKE - SINCE WITH HUMAN GREED THE SKY IS THE LIMIT - SO, CONVERSELY, NO MATTER HOW POOR WE ARE, WE SHOULD STILL SHARE WITH THOSE WHO HAVE LESS
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ग्रास m. grāsaḥ ग्रासः [ग्रस् कर्मणि घञ्] 1 A mouthful, a quantity of anything equal to a mouthful; Ms.3.133;6.28; Y.3.55. -2 Food, nourishment; ग्रासाच्छादनमात्रं तु दद्या- दिति निदर्शनम् Mb.12.165.63. -3 The part of the sun or the moon eclipsed. -4 The morsel bitten. -5 The act of swallowing. -6 Slurring, indistinct pronunciation; fault in a pronunciation of the gutturals. -7 (In geom.) A piece cut out by the intersection of two circles -8 An eclipse. -Comp. -आच्छादनम् food and clothing; i. e. bare subsistence; see ग्रास (2); Ms.9.22. -प्रमाणम् the size of a morsel. -शल्यम् any extraneous substance lodged in the throat. -ग्रासीकृ To swallow; ग्रासीकर्तुं प्रवृत्तो$भूदुत्थायाजगरो महान् Ks.9.57.

Question 17

‘II+III.
‘15.24
‘2.2
काकिणी f.

Answer 17

काकिणी f. kākiṇī kâkinî, ˚nī f. cowrie, small coin=1/4 pana. ; काकिणी f. a small coin or a small sum of money equal to twenty kaparda-s or cowries, or to a quarter of a paṇa- ; काकिणी f. a seed of the Abrus precatorius used as a weight ; काकिणी f. the shell Cypraea moneta or a cowrie used as a coin

Question 18

‘II+III.
‘15.25
‘2.2
समृद्धि f.

Answer 18

समृद्धि f. great prosperity or success, growth, increase, thriving, welfare, fortune, perfection, excellence (in fine compositi or ‘at the end of a compound’ = “increased by”)

Question 19

‘II+III.
‘15.26
‘2.2
कूपोन्तः

Answer 19

कूपोन्तः SANDHI FOR कूपोऽन्तर् (i.e. अन्तर् ) = ‘within or inside of a water-well’ (TWO SEPARATE WORDS)

Question 20

‘II+III.
‘15.21
‘2.2
अर्थिन् adj. / m.

Answer 20

(“Why is not this half(-portion) from our food given to suppliants? Wealth matching desires - who will ever have that, or when?”) IN OTHER WORDS, NO ONE EVER HAS AS MUCH AS THEY WOULD LIKE - SINCE WITH HUMAN GREED THE SKY IS THE LIMIT - SO, CONVERSELY, NO MATTER HOW POOR WE ARE, WE SHOULD STILL SHARE WITH THOSE WHO HAVE LESS
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अर्थिन् adj. / m. = ‘a suppliant, a beggar, a petitioner, someone who wants something and is therefore possessed of a goal (अर्थ) in mind’
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arthin अर्थिन् a. [अर्थ्-इनि] 1 Seeking to gain or obtain, wishing for, desirous of, with instr. or in comp. अर्थिनश्च राजानो हिरण्येन भवन्ति । MBh. on P.I.1.1. etc. तुषैरर्थिनः Dk.132; कोषदण्डाभ्याम्˚ Mu.5; को वधेन ममार्थी स्यात् Mb., Ve.6.25; अर्थार्थी Pt.1.4, अर्थार्थी जीवलोको$यम् Pt.1.9. -2 Entreating or begging anyone (with gen.); सर्वत्र मण्डूकवधः क्रियतामिति यो मया$र्यी Mb.3.192.24. अर्थी वररुचिर्मे$स्तु Ks. -3 Possessed of desires; अनर्थी प्रार्थ- नावहः R.1.18. m. 1 One who asks, begs or solicits; a beggar, suppliant, suitor; यथाकामार्चितार्थिनाम् R.1.6; 2.64;4.31;9.27; को$र्थी गतो गौरवम् Pt.1.146; One who asks for a girl in marriage, a wooer; Y.1.6; कन्या- रत्नमयोनिजन्म भवतामास्ते वयं चार्थिनः Mv.1.3. -2 (In law) A plaintiff, complainant, prosecutor; स धर्मस्थसखः शश्वदर्थि- प्रत्यर्थिनां स्वयम् । ददर्श संशयच्छेद्यान् व्यवहारानतन्द्रितः R.17.39; अर्थी कार्यं निवेदयेत् Śukra.4.575; सभान्तः साक्षिणः प्राप्तानर्थि- प्रत्यर्थिसन्निधौ Ms.8.79. -3 A servant, follower. -4 A master or lord. -Comp. -भावः state of a suppliant, begging, request; कं याचे यत्र तत्र ध्रुवमनवसरग्रस्त एवार्थिभावः Māl.9.3. -सात् adv. at the disposal of beggars; विभज्य मेरुर्न यदर्थिसात्कृतः N.1.16. cf. अर्थी तु याचको विद्यात् यस्यार्थः स च अर्थवान्.

Question 21

‘II+III.
‘15.26
‘2.2
समुद्र m.

Answer 21

समुद्र m. (n.only ; in fine compositi or ‘at the end of a compound’ f(ā-). see udr/a-, an-udr/a-;for sa-mudra-See)”gathering together of waters”, the sea, ocean (in veda- also”the aerial waters”,”atmospheric ocean or sky”[ see ];in ,seven circular concentric [elsewhere 3 or 4] oceans are named, viz. lavaṇa-,”salt-water”; ikṣu-,”syrup”; surā-,”wine”; ghṛta-,”clarified butter”; dadhi-,”curds”; dugdha-,”milk”; jala-,”fresh water”;in later language the Ocean is often personified as king of the rivers)

Question 22

‘II+III.
‘15.4
‘2.1
किं पुनर्

Answer 22

किं पुनर् SEE MACDONELL, SANSKRIT GRAMMAR P. 150 (#180d): ‘how much the more’, ‘how much the less’

Question 23

‘II+III.
‘15.21
‘2.2
नो ind.

Answer 23

नो = न BUT IS USED METRI GRATIA OR EUPHONY - THAT’S ALL IT IS MOST OF THE TIME
नो ind. (fr. 2. n/a-+ u-) and not etc. (in later language also equals na-,”not”, for which it is generally used to suit the verse; no ced-See under ced-; no vā-“or not”).

Question 24

‘II+III.
‘15.4
‘2.2
सम्भोग m

Answer 24

सम्भोग m. (in fine compositi or ‘at the end of a compound’ f(ā-).) complete enjoyment, pleasure, delight in (compound) etc. ; सम्भोग m. carnal or sensual enjoyment, sexual union with (compound) etc. ; सम्भोग m. (in rhetoric) a subdivision of the śṛṅgāra- or sentiment of love (described as”successful love leading to union” , and opp. to vipralambha-,”disappointed love, separation”) etc. (only ,”duration;joy;employment, use;a Partic. part of an elephant’s trunk;a jaina- or Buddhist edict;a libertine “) ; saṃbhogaḥ संभोगः 1 Enjoyment (in general), pleasure, delight; सत्संभोगाफलाः श्रियः Subhāṣ. -2 Possession, use, occupation; संभोगो दृश्यते यत्र न दृश्येतागमः क्वचित् Ms.8.2. -3 Carnal enjoyment, sexual union, copulation; संभोगान्ते मम समुचितो हस्तसंवाहनानाम् Me.98. -4 A lecher, catamite. -5 A sub-division of the sentiment of love; see under शृङ्गार. -Comp. -वेश्मन् the chamber of a concubine.

Question 25

‘II+III.
‘15.10
‘2.2
व्रतग्रहणनिमित्तम्

Answer 25

व्रतग्रहणनिमित्तम् = adv. “ in order to fulfil a religious vow”
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व्रतग्रहण n. the taking upon one’s self of a religious vow, becoming a monk ; vratagrahaṇa n. taking of a religious vow, turning mendicant: -nimittam, ad. in order to fulfil a religious vow; -kary&asharp;, f. performance of a religious work or observance; -kâr-ín, a.practising a religious ob servance, observing a vow: (-i)-tâ, f. observance of a vow.

Question 26

‘II+III.
‘15.23
‘2.2
भूरि adj.

Answer 26

भूरि adj. bhūri भूरि a. [भू-क्रिन् Uṇ 4.65] Much, abundant, numerous, copious; प्रेङ्खद्भूरिमयूख … Māl.6.5. भूरिभार- भराक्रान्तो बाधति स्कन्ध एष ते । न तथा बाधते स्कन्धो यथा बाधति बाधते ॥ Subhāṣ. -2 Great, large. -m. 1 An epithet of &Viṣṇu. -2 Of Brahman. -3 Of Śiva. -4 Of Indra. -f. Reason, intellect. -n. Gold. -ind. 1 Very much, exceedingly; नवाम्बुभिर्भूरि विलम्बिनो घनाः Ś.5.12. -2 Frequently, often, repeatedly. -Comp. -कालम् ind. for a long time. -कृत्वस् ind. many times, repeatedly; मर्मृज्मा ते तन्वं भूरि कृत्वः Ṛv.3.18.4. -गन्धा a particular perfume. -गमः an ass. -गुण a. 1 multiplying greatly. -2 bearing manifold fruit. -तेजस (-स्) a. possessed of great lustre. (-m.) fire. -द a. liberal. -दक्षिण a. 1 attended with rich presents or rewards. -2 giving liberal rewards, munificent. -णः N. of Viṣṇu; कपीन्द्रो भूरिदक्षिणः V.Sah. -दानम् liberality. -धन a. wealthy. -धामन् a. possessed of great lustre or energy. -प्रयोग a. frequently used, in common use (as a word). -प्रेमन् m. the ruddy goose. -फेना a species of plant, सप्तला (Mar. शिकेकाई). -भाग a. wealthy, prosperous; अद्येश नो वसतयः खलु भूरिभाग । यः सर्वदेवपितृभूतनृ- देवमूर्तिः Bhāg.1.48.25. -भोज a. having many enjoyments. -मायः a jackal or fox. -रसः the sugar-cane. -रामः a donkey, ass. -लाभः a great gain. -विक्रम a. very brave, a great warrior. -दृष्टिः f. a heavy rain. -व्यय a. spending much; lavish in expenditure; भूरिव्यया प्रचुरवित्तसमागमा च वेश्याङ्गनेव नृपनीतिरनेकरूपा Pt.1.425. -श्रवस् m. N. of a warrior on the Kaurava side slain by Sātyaki.

Question 27

‘II+III.
‘15.25
‘2.2
कृपण adj.

Answer 27

कृपण adj. ALSO = ‘MISERLY, STINGY’ (AS HERE)
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कृपण adj. kṛpaṇa कृपण a. [कृप्-क्युन् न लत्वम्] 1 Poor, pitiable, wretched, helpless; राजन्नपत्यं रामस्ते पाल्याश्च कृपणाः प्रजाः U.4.25; व्रजतु च कृपा क्वाद्य कृपणा Nāg.5.3; Rām.2.32.28. -2 Void of judgement, unable or unwilling to discriminate or to do a thing; कामार्ता हि प्रकृतिकृपणाश्चेतनाचेतनेषु Me.5; so जराजीर्णैश्वर्यग्रसनगहनाक्षेपकृपणः Bh.3.17. -3 Low, mean, vile; कृपणाः फलहेतवः Bg.2.49; Mu.2.18; Bh.2.49. -4 Miserly, stingy. -5 Avaricious. -णम् Wretchedness; कुत्साय शुष्णं कृपेण परादात् Rv.1.99.9; Ms.4.185. -णः 1 A worm. -2 A miser; कृपणेन समो दाता भुवि को$पि न विद्यते । अनश्नन्नेव वित्तानि यः परेभ्यः प्रयच्छति Vyāsa. -Comp. -धी, -बुद्धि a. little or low-minded. -वत्सल a. kind to the poor.