B&K.2+3_P.019

Question 1

‘I.66.19
1.13
विधुर adj.

Answer 1

विधुर adj. vidhura विधुर a. [विगता धूर्यस्य अच् समा˚ Uṇ.1.39] 1 विधुर adj. Distressed, troubled, afflicted, overwhelmed with grief, miserable; अवस्थामापन्ना मदनदहनोद्दाहविधुराम् Māl.2.3; 9.11; U.3.38;6.41; Ki.11.26; Śi.9.77;17.66; Bh.3.8,134; नेत्राग्निप्लोषमूर्च्छाविधुरविनिपतत्सानलद्वादशार्कः Nāg.5.31. -2 Love-lorn, bereaved, suffering separation from a wife or husband; मयि च विधुरे भावः कान्ताप्रवृत्तिपराङ्मुखः V.4.2; विधुरां ज्वलनातिसर्जनान्ननु मां प्रापय पत्युरन्तिकम् Ku.4.32; विधुरबन्धुरबन्धुरमैक्षत Śi.6. 29;12.8; निर्व्याजं विधुरेष्वधीर इति मां येनाभिधत्ते भवान् Nāg.2.3. -3 Devoid, deprived, or destitute of, free from; त्वामाद्यन्तान्तरवर्ति त्रयविधुरः Bhāg.6.16.36; सा वै कलङ्कविधुरा मधुराननश्रीः Bv.2.5. -4 Adverse, hostile, unfriendly; कूपान्तः पतितः करोतु विधुरे किं वा विधौ पौरुषम् Pt.2.85. -5 Unable, helpless; प्रतिक्रियायै विधुरः Ki.17. 41. -6 Incapable to perform अनुष्ठानशून्य); अनुत्पन्नं ज्ञानं यदि यदि च संदेहविधुरम् Mv.3.36. -7 Infirm, drooping (विगलित); हयेश्च विधुरग्रीवै रथैश्च शकलीकृतैः Mb.7.146.25. -रः A widower. -रम् 1 Alarm, fear, anxiety. -2 Separation from a wife or husband, bereavement suffered by a lover or mistress. -3 Calamity, distress; विधुरं किमतः परम् Ki.2.7. -Comp. -दर्शनम् 1 the sight of danger or alarm; विना विधुरदर्शनं स्वामिनो मन्दादरा भवन्ति H.2. -2 a feeling of agitation.
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विधुरे काले = ‘in a time of distress, in a bad time’

Question 2

‘II+III.
‘19.2
2.2
विधुर adj.

Answer 2

विधुरे विधौ = ‘with fate being unkind/averse’ LOC ABS
APTE ACTUALLY CITES THIS VERY LINE IN #4 UNDER HIS DEFINITION OF vidhura विधुर a.
-4 Adverse, hostile, unfriendly; कूपान्तः पतितः करोतु विधुरे किं वा विधौ पौरुषम्
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विधुर adj. vidhura विधुर a. [विगता धूर्यस्य अच् समा˚ Uṇ.1.39] 1 विधुर adj. Distressed, troubled, afflicted, overwhelmed with grief, miserable; अवस्थामापन्ना मदनदहनोद्दाहविधुराम् Māl.2.3; 9.11; U.3.38;6.41; Ki.11.26; Śi.9.77;17.66; Bh.3.8,134; नेत्राग्निप्लोषमूर्च्छाविधुरविनिपतत्सानलद्वादशार्कः Nāg.5.31. -2 Love-lorn, bereaved, suffering separation from a wife or husband; मयि च विधुरे भावः कान्ताप्रवृत्तिपराङ्मुखः V.4.2; विधुरां ज्वलनातिसर्जनान्ननु मां प्रापय पत्युरन्तिकम् Ku.4.32; विधुरबन्धुरबन्धुरमैक्षत Śi.6. 29;12.8; निर्व्याजं विधुरेष्वधीर इति मां येनाभिधत्ते भवान् Nāg.2.3. -3 Devoid, deprived, or destitute of, free from; त्वामाद्यन्तान्तरवर्ति त्रयविधुरः Bhāg.6.16.36; सा वै कलङ्कविधुरा मधुराननश्रीः Bv.2.5. -4 Adverse, hostile, unfriendly; कूपान्तः पतितः करोतु विधुरे किं वा विधौ पौरुषम् Pt.2.85. -5 Unable, helpless; प्रतिक्रियायै विधुरः Ki.17. 41. -6 Incapable to perform अनुष्ठानशून्य); अनुत्पन्नं ज्ञानं यदि यदि च संदेहविधुरम् Mv.3.36. -7 Infirm, drooping (विगलित); हयेश्च विधुरग्रीवै रथैश्च शकलीकृतैः Mb.7.146.25. -रः A widower. -रम् 1 Alarm, fear, anxiety. -2 Separation from a wife or husband, bereavement suffered by a lover or mistress. -3 Calamity, distress; विधुरं किमतः परम् Ki.2.7. -Comp. -दर्शनम् 1 the sight of danger or alarm; विना विधुरदर्शनं स्वामिनो मन्दादरा भवन्ति H.2. -2 a feeling of agitation.
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विधुरे काले = ‘in a time of distress, in a bad time’

Question 3

‘II+III.
‘19.6
2.2
महादुर्ग n.

Answer 3

महादुर्ग n. = ‘a very difficult place to reach (i.e. The alms-bowl of Tāmracūḍa hanging on its peg) ; महादुर्ग mfn. very difficult to be crossed ; महादुर्ग n. a great calamity or danger

Question 4

‘II+III.
‘19.10
2.2
उद्वेगकारक mfn.

Answer 4

उद्वेगकारक mfn. causing anxiety or agitation or distress

Question 5

‘II+III.
‘19.12
2.2
स दिवसो व्यतिक्रान्तः ।

Answer 5

स दिवसो व्यतिक्रान्तः । = ‘that day was passed, that day passed by, that day was spent’
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दिवस m. ~ दिन m.
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दिवस m. divasaḥ दिवसः सम् [दीव्यते$त्र दिव् असच् किच्च cf. Uṇ.3.121.] See दिन. A day; दिवस इवाभ्रश्यामस्तपात्यये जीवलोकस्य Ś.3.11. -Comp. -अवसानम् evening. -ईश्वरः, -करः, -नाथः the sun; दिवसकरमयूखैर्बोध्यमानं प्रभाते Ṛs.3.22. -मुखम् morning, daybreak; R.5.76. -मुद्रा a day’s wages. -विगमः evening, sunset; यामध्यास्ते दिवसविगमे नीलकण्ठः सुहृद्वः Me.81. -दिवसीकृ to convert the night into day; निशा दिवसीकृता Mk.4.3.

Question 6

‘II+III.
‘19.12
2.2
निरुत्साह m.

Answer 6

निरुत्साह m. absence of exertion, indolence ; निरुत्साह mf(ā-)n. without energy or courage, indolent, indifferent ; निरुत्साह mf(ā-)n. despondent of (locative case)

Question 7

‘II+III.
‘19.13
2.2
अथास्तमितेर्के

Answer 7

अथास्तमितेर्के = अथास्तमितेऽर्के = अथ + अस्तम् + इते + अर्के = ‘then with the Sun (अर्क ) having gone home/down’ (LOC ABS)

Question 8

‘II+III.
‘19.14
2.2
परिग्रह m.

Answer 8

HERE==परिवार m.==RETINUE
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परिग्रह m. parigrahaḥ परिग्रहः 1 Seizing, holding, taking, grasping; … -9 Taking under one’s protection, favouring; धन्याः स्मो वः परिग्रहात् U.7. 11; M.1.13; कुर्वन्ति पाण्डवपरिग्रहमेव पौराः Pañch.1.2. [= परिवार m.] -1 Attendants, followers, train, retinue, suite; परिग्रहेण सर्वेण कोषेण च महीयसा Śiva.B.8.4. -11 A household, family, members of a family. -12 The seraglio or household of a king, harem. …

Question 9

‘II+III.
‘19.14
2.2
मा भैषीः

Answer 9

मा भैषीः = ‘Fear not!’
भैषीः bhaiṣīs: second person singular tense paradigm injunctive class parasmaipada √bhī

Question 10

‘II+III.
‘19.14
2.2
कूर्दन n.

Answer 10

कूर्दन n. leaping. ; कूर्दन n. playing, sport ; kūrdanam कूर्दनम् 1 Leaping. -2 Playing, sporting. -नी 1 A festival in honour of Kāmadeva, held on the fifteenth day of Chaitra. -2 The full moon day in Chaitra.
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√कूर्द् cl.1 P. A1. kūrdati-, te- (perf. cukūrda- ; Aorist akūrdiṣṭa- ), to leap, jump : A1. kūrdate-, to play

Question 11

‘II+III.
‘19.26
2.2
समता f.

Answer 11

समता f. samatā समता त्वम् 1 Sameness, identity; समेत्य ते मन्त्रयितुं समतागतबुद्धयः Rām.2.2.2. -2 Likeness, similarity. -3 Equality; स्वजातेः समतां गतम् Pt.2.87. -4 Impartiality, fairness. समतां नी ‘to treat as equal’; पश्चाद्दृश्येत यत्किंचित्तत्सर्वं समतां नयेत् Ms.9.218. -5 Equanimity. -6 Perfectness. -7 Commonness. -8 Evenness.

Question 12

‘II+III.
‘19.26
2.2
सजाति f.

Answer 12

HERE USED AS A SUBSTANTIVE = ‘kindred race (i.e. ordinary mice in general)’ OR MAYBE स्वजाति ‘his own race’ SHOULD BE READ INSTEAD?
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सजाति f. sajāti सजाति सजातीय a. 1 Of the same kind, tribe, class, or species. -2 Like, similar. -m. A son of a man and woman of the same caste.

Question 13

‘II+III.
‘19.2
2.2
विधुरे विधौ

Answer 13

विधुरे विधौ = ‘with fate being unkind/averse’ LOC ABS
APTE ACTUALLY CITES THIS VERY LINE IN #4 UNDER HIS DEFINITION OF vidhura विधुर a.
-4 Adverse, hostile, unfriendly; कूपान्तः पतितः करोतु विधुरे किं वा विधौ पौरुषम्
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vidhura विधुर a. [विगता धूर्यस्य अच् समा˚ Uṇ.1.39] 1 Distressed, troubled, afflicted, overwhelmed with grief, miserable; अवस्थामापन्ना मदनदहनोद्दाहविधुराम् Māl.2.3; 9.11; U.3.38;6.41; Ki.11.26; Śi.9.77;17.66; Bh.3.8,134; नेत्राग्निप्लोषमूर्च्छाविधुरविनिपतत्सानलद्वादशार्कः Nāg.5.31. -2 Love-lorn, bereaved, suffering separation from a wife or husband; मयि च विधुरे भावः कान्ताप्रवृत्तिपराङ्मुखः V.4.2; विधुरां ज्वलनातिसर्जनान्ननु मां प्रापय पत्युरन्तिकम् Ku.4.32; विधुरबन्धुरबन्धुरमैक्षत Śi.6. 29;12.8; निर्व्याजं विधुरेष्वधीर इति मां येनाभिधत्ते भवान् Nāg.2.3. -3 Devoid, deprived, or destitute of, free from; त्वामाद्यन्तान्तरवर्ति त्रयविधुरः Bhāg.6.16.36; सा वै कलङ्कविधुरा मधुराननश्रीः Bv.2.5. -4 Adverse, hostile, unfriendly; कूपान्तः पतितः करोतु विधुरे किं वा विधौ पौरुषम् Pt.2.85. -5 Unable, helpless; प्रतिक्रियायै विधुरः Ki.17. 41. -6 Incapable to perform अनुष्ठानशून्य); अनुत्पन्नं ज्ञानं यदि यदि च संदेहविधुरम् Mv.3.36. -7 Infirm, drooping (विगलित); हयेश्च विधुरग्रीवै रथैश्च शकलीकृतैः Mb.7.146.25. -रः A widower. -रम् 1 Alarm, fear, anxiety. -2 Separation from a wife or husband, bereavement suffered by a lover or mistress. -3 Calamity, distress; विधुरं किमतः परम् Ki.2.7. -Comp. -दर्शनम् 1 the sight of danger or alarm; विना विधुरदर्शनं स्वामिनो मन्दादरा भवन्ति H.2. -2 a feeling of agitation.

Question 14

‘II+III.
‘19.2
2.2
करोतु विधुरे किंवा विधौ पौरुषम्

Answer 14

करोतु विधुरे किंवा विधौ पौरुषम्
SEEMS TO MEAN: “Let courage do whatever it may (किंवा ==’perchance’) when fate is averse.” OR MAYBE “Let him (the deer) make whatever display of courage he may when fate is averse.” OR SOMETHING LIKE THAT. A CONCESSIVE USE OF THE IMPERATIVE: SEE MACDONELL SANSKRIT GRAMMAR P. 207 (#216c&d).
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YES. AND THE PRECEDING 3.5 LINES ARE JUST TELLING A STORY OF THE DEER AND HOW IT FELL IN A WELL DESPITE ALL ITS BEST EFFORTS TO ESCAPE OTHER DANGERS

Question 15

‘II+III.
‘19.2
2.2
किंवा

Answer 15

किंवा = ‘perchance’ ACCORDING TO MACDONELL SANSKRIT GRAMMAR P. 15O (#180d s.v. किम् )
MAYBE HERE IT MEANS SOMETHING LIKE अथवा ~ ‘in other words…’ (TO SUM UP THE MORAL OF THE STORY OF THE HEROIC DEER)?
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ACTUALLY (AND THIS WORKS PERFECTLY IN CONTEXT) I THINK किंवा HERE =
‘In other words (वा SHORT FOR अथवा ), what (किम्) should courage do when fate is averse (SINCE IT CAN ACHIEVE NOTHING))

Question 16

‘II+III.
‘19.26
2.2
समता f.

Answer 16

समता f. samatā समता त्वम् 1 Sameness, identity; समेत्य ते मन्त्रयितुं समतागतबुद्धयः Rām.2.2.2. -2 Likeness, similarity. -3 Equality; स्वजातेः समतां गतम् Pt.2.87. -4 Impartiality, fairness. समतां नी ‘to treat as equal’; पश्चाद्दृश्येत यत्किंचित्तत्सर्वं समतां नयेत् Ms.9.218. -5 Equanimity. -6 Perfectness. -7 Commonness. -8 Evenness.

Question 17

‘II+III.
‘19.1
2.2
√उत्पत् = उत् + √पत् उत्पतति

Answer 17

√उत्पत् = उत् + √पत् उत्पतति HERE = ‘to start from, leave, run away ; to jump out, hasten out, come out ‘ (+ ABL शरगोचरात् )
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√उत्पत् उत्पतति (ud-pat-) P. -patati- (parasmE-pada -p/atat- ; Aorist -apaptat- ; parasmE-pada future -patiṣy/at- ) to fly or jump up, fly upwards ; to ascend, rise etc. ; to rise (from one’s bed) ; to shoot up ; to start from, leave, run away ; to jump out, hasten out, come out etc. ; to rise, be produced, originate : Causal P. -pātayati-, to cause to fly up or to rise : Desiderative (imperfect tense -apipatiṣat- ) to wish or intend to fly up.

Question 18

‘II+III.
‘19.8
2.2
जागरण n.

Answer 18

जागरण n. jāgaraṇam जागरणम् [जागृ भावे ल्युट्] 1 Waking, wakefulness. -2 Watchfulness, vigilance. -3 Sitting up at night as a part of a religious ceremony.
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FROM √जागृ ii जागर्ति jāgṛ जागृ 2 P. (जागर्ति, जागरित) 1 To be awake, be watchful or attentive (fig. also); सो$पसर्पैर्जजागार यथाकालं स्वपन्नपि R.17.51; गुरौ षाङ्गुण्यचिन्तायामार्ये चार्ये च जाग्रति Mu.7.13; to sit up during the night; या निशा सर्वभूतानां तस्यां जागर्ति संयमी Bg.2.69. -2 To be roused from sleep, awake. -3 To foresee, be provident.